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There were many changes that took place in the western civilization in 1300 AD and they are the social, institutional, economic and intellectual changes. In social there was the rise in nation state in that nationalism took , in institutional there was rise of church that is protestant church, in economic there was agriculture and the intellectual there was renaissance. Nationalisms that was a sense of identity with a nation was enforced in the western countries mainly due to the fact that people in these countries were in need of freedom therefore they saw that because with the rule of Muslim they could not have what they were in need of then they has to have their sovereign so that they can do what they though was of importance therefore they sort for a nation. This meant that due to the slavery that existed then these people would no longer accept this to continue and they therefore came into agreement to make relevant changes in the government. This nation state came up due to industrial revolution that took place in the country this was because thee were changes that took place therefore the people sought to have a nation.
At first these countries that are in the western had catholic as the main church that had fought and conquered the Muslim religion that was viable and ruling in many of these countries there was need to have change made in these religion so that they can give way to other religions therefore the countries required freedom for all people to stay in there places this meant that they had to fight for their freedom and therefore the catholic paved way and it was later fought and there was rise in protestant.( Daniel,1992)
The consolidated power created the foundation for Europe first modern nation sates in France. The evolution began in the middle ages but they grew weaker in the Eastern Europe during the middle ages. The new monarchies did not achieve absolute power; these new monarchies were not nation states as the populations did not necessarily feel they belonged to a nation. The characteristics of these new monarchies were to reduce the power of the nobility through taxation, confiscation of lands and creation of standing armies. There was advent of gun powder that resulted in the production of musket and cannon and increased the vulnerability of armies and their knights. There was reduction of the political power of the clergy in that the medieval notion of the church being supreme of the state was replaced in belief and practice. There was creation of more efficient bureaucracies in that they enabled the new monarchies to begin centralizing control of their realms. There was increased political influence of the bourgeoisies. There was increased public debt by taking loans from merchants bankers. There was growth in power of the state and competition among the nation states of Europe and the effects of spread of secular and religious ideas on the politics, economics and societies in Europe there was impact of economic innovation on the standard of living and traditional ways of life of European people. The influence was mainly in literature, philosophy, art, politics, science and religion. The main causes of these changes was the revolutions that took place in these countries this made that there was need for the people to get in line with the changes therefore they had to ensure that what they brought in place could not affect the operations that were taking place to the people. This meant that what the people had to do is to have changes in religion and other fields this was clear that the countries in western civilization where ready for changes to occur. With renaissance the arts where in link with dedication to the church therefore with the other religions that existed they could not accept these new arts and this meant that they had to have a religion that could not have hindrances to the new arts. (David, 1990)
Changes that took place in western civilization were clear indication that with changes that is the industrial revolution then there was need for people to have another view to what ever they held on. This meant that they needed changes made in several areas so that they could have these revolutions enforced in the country. Therefore the changes were in line with whatever people required changing for industrial revolution.
Reference:
David, Y. (1990): Western civilization. American historical review, vol, 104, pp, 125.
Daniel, T. (1992): Renaissance. Washington state university.
Jackson, S. (2002): Growth of power of the state. Western civilization 6th edition.
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