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The 1900s was a decade of great complications and obstacles for Germany. During the 1900s, World war 1 and World war 2 commenced, harming the German economy and social life to a great extent. Millions lost their lives and the mayhem witnessed was awful and unappealing. Well, that’s not all the mass destruction of cities and the inadequate public provisions were appalling. However, in order to get a clear understanding of this topic let’s separate the 1900’s into 2 parts- Weimar Germany and Nazi Germany. During the rule of the National Socialist Party/Nazi Party, there were several atrocities committed at the height of their power. The Nazi Party came into power after World war 1, they took advantage of the unstable conditions throughout Germany at the end of the war, who knew what the Nazis had actually planned for the German people. On the other hand, the Weimar Republic faced several problems during its reign. They were forced to sign The Treaty of Versailles causing several problems for the German economy and military forces. However, during the rule of the Weimar Government freedom of speech and freedom to practice religion was influenced. Germany was now also the leading country in terms of cultural activities taking place within a country.
The National Socialist Party, The Nazi party, or Third Reich were propagandists who took control of Germany from 1933-1945. Hitler put Josef Goebells in charge of Nazi propaganda. They used several methods of advertising their ideologies- radio, rallies, and newspapers were a few of them. The use of simple and eye-catching slogans was appealing to several during that time. They used sophisticated advertising techniques and recent and well-developed technology to spread their propaganda throughout Germany. They adopted policies that could be adopted by several different groups, a few of these policies included improving public facilities, giving land to farmers, promising unity, promising a strong central government, Increase in employment, promising remilitarisation, making sure no Jew was accepted as a German citizen, etc…. Nazi propaganda played an integral role in the demolition of European Jews. This provoked a sense of hatred and promoted a climate to their fate. The Nazi ideology gained significance after World war 1. Well, if the war had never taken place Nazism would never spread throughout Germany at such a rapid pace. It was due to World war 1 the middle class felt defeated and began to lose faith in the government and the people of Germany began to support Hitler’s ideology. His ideology on Antisemitism and orating skills influenced tons of people to vote for him making him the President of Germany. However, once Hitler came into power people began to figure out that he wasn’t the person who they thought he would actually turn out to be. This so-called devil began influencing the ideology of Fascism, he showed the citizens of Germany how inhumane he was. This totalitarian party was the reason the ideology of antisemitism spread at such a viral pace and this party was also the reason World War 2 commenced. On the other hand, Weimar Republic, German Republic, or the German Reich was Germany’s government from 1919- 1933. It was named after the town of Weimar where Germany’s new authorities were formed via a national meeting after Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated. During the rule of the Weimar Republic, representative democracy was established which aimed to give genuine power to adults. However, it did contribute to major flaws in the year 1933-1934. The treaty of Versailles which was introduced after World War 1 harmed Germany’s economy to a great extent as Germany had certain restrictions and had to pay a huge sum of money to the victors. Well, during this time the Weimar Government was in power so this created a rather bad impression on the Weimar Government. The leader of the Nazi Party was Adolf Hitler and the leader of the Weimar Republic was Friedrich Ebert. Each of them had their own ideologies and propaganda they wished to carry out. However, in regards to the fact that Hitler was born an influential orator his ideologies on the transformation of Germany influenced people to vote for him, making him the leader of Germany. Although each of the ideologies had its differences, the Nazi ideology sounded a lot more efficient at the end of the war provoking people to vote for them. Although eventually, people did figure out that Nazi ideology was not presented the way it was explained, Jews were now terrorized and blamed for World war 1 and the ideology of antisemitism spread throughout Germany. While, during this time people began to realize that getting the Nazi Party into power was no less than a sin, a decision they would have to bear the brunt of for years.
Until the year of 1933, The National Socialist Party lacked support amongst the workers. During this period of time workers usually voted for the Social Democratic Party of Communists. Looking at this Nazis set up 3 organizations to manage German workers. The Labour Front, The Strength Through Joy and The Beauty of Labour. Each of these organizations was created for the benefit of laborers. Within these organizations, they made sure that employers were given more importance than employees. Although these organizations were implemented the living standards for workers did not improve. Wages fell, the working hours rose by 15% and the number of accidents taking place increased. In addition to this Hitler began to promote the importance of a traditional family. He believed that women were inferior compared to men. Women were forced to serve and nurture their families during that period of time. He believed that women’s lives should revolve around Kinder, Küche, Kirche (Children, Kitchen, and Church). The Nazi Party expected women to work at home and produce a pure Aryan race. While women were considered inferior and expected to do their job, the Nazis took it upon them to teach the children what is right and what is wrong. The Nazis directed their propaganda at children between the years of 1920-1945. They targeted children by creating youth clubs and antisemitic books influencing children to hate the Jews even more. The traits the youth clubs were forced to possess were resilience, dynamic, and being hopeful. They were trained in such a manner that if they heard anyone complaining about the Nazi Party or Hitler they were forced to report this to an official. In contrast to Nazi Germany, Weimar Germany was a lot different. Analytically speaking this was a period of great economic collapse for Germany. While Germany not only had to pay reparations they also had to go through hyperinflation cause of which the lower middle class and upper-middle class suffered major losses. Although it wasn’t the best time for laborers it was surely a great time for women and children. Living in democracy made women feel rather secure and openly express their views in an efficient manner. In addition to this women were given similar fundamental rights as men, each of them was allowed to vote and preserve office.
After World War 1 Germany went into major financial losses. Under the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was required to make monetary payments to the Allies, called reparations. The heavy reparations, combined with the devastating economic infrastructure throughout Germany and political tension under the Weimar Republic, led to an economic depression. By 1918, Germany was no longer a strong confident country, but one on the brink of ruin. The war had destroyed Germany’s economy. The country spent around one-third of its income on war pensions to all those widows and families who had lost someone during the conflict. However, in 1924 the Dawes plan was introduced. The plan was to reduce Germany’s war debt and successfully pay the reparations. They used a round-robin method where money was borrowed and eventually lent when the time arrived. Well, although certain financial problems were faced, Germany did manage to revive the economy until World war 2 commenced and problems began to get heated up once more. Well, although the economic loss was massive and appalling, it was not late until the Weimar Government managed to revive the German economy, in the case of the Nazi’s it was a lot different. After the financial crisis faced due to World war 1, this was something else Germany had to go through After the Wall Street Crash of 1929 there was mayhem witnessed throughout the financial market. Between 1933 and 1939 the entire revenue of the German Government (Nazi) amounted to 62 billion reichsmarks whereas German expenditure exceeded 101 billion hence causing an enormous deficit and rising debt.
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