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Universalism
- The term universalism is a concept used to denote various doctrines and ideas that consider all human beings in their origin and formation.
- That being the case, universalism would refer to various concepts such as theology, philosophy, and religion. It is a state whereby something is universal in nature.
- This is the case because such concepts tend to have universal applicability.
- In its wider sense, universalism supports the idea that religion is a critical quality of human beings. This makes it an important universal value.
- From the above definitions and considerations, it becomes evident that universalism refers to concepts or things that are universal.
- Since universalism is the state of being naturally acceptable and universal, it plays a significant role in the formation of different theological doctrines and concepts.
- For instance, Christians have developed the concept of universal reconciliation whereby all human souls will eventually be saved or reconciled to be part of their creator (or God).
- This explains why a new form of universalism known as Unitarianism assumes that religion and theology form an important human aspect or quality. As a result, the concept integrates all global religions.
- The concept goes further to embrace the idea of universal reconciliation between people and their God.
- It is agreeable that universalism is a critical idea or concept that has played a major role in the establishment of modern religions such as Hinduism, Christianity, and Islam, among others.
- The other important tenet of universalism is that human beings believe in a specific truth that is universally acceptable.
- This is acceptable because such kind of truth sweeps across religious, historical, ethnic, global, or cultural boundaries.
Cultural Relativism
- The question of culture has remained a significant issue in many societies today.
- Cultural relativism is a unique principle that seeks to explain the nature of our conceptions, views, and ideas.
- From a cultural perspective, the concept explains that all cultures are equal. This means that there is no superior society or cultural group than the other.
- Supporters or proponents of cultural relativism have gone further to argue that all ethical, political, religious, cultural, and societal beliefs are always significant to a persons culture.
- Ethical issues and ideas will always be guided by social aspects or constructs of a given society.
- It is because of such ideas that cultural relativism is widely acknowledged in our modern societies. As a result, anthropologists use the concept widely across the world.
- Cultural relativists and proponents argue strongly that all societies and cultures are superior, based on their values and beliefs.
- What many people fail to understand, according to cultural relativists, is that the differences between cultural groups are not signs of superiority or inferiority.
- The concept of cultural relativism goes further to explain that the truth is never objective.
- This explains that a person will be either wrong or right, depending on his/her opinion. As well, the society will also play a significant role in determining what ought to be right or wrong.
- That being the case, cultural relativism is a concept that sees everything to be right or wrong depending on the idea of cultural expression.
- Cultural relativism is, therefore, necessary because it supports the welfare and position of different cultures in society.
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