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Introduction
Labor specialization is a production process that uses the divisions of labor in order to produce a great number of goods at the lowest possible cost.that is by dividing labor into the production of a product by giving a particular task so that they can give attention to and produce it more perfectly. This paper is going to consider specialization and the divisions of labor. Additional wide-ranging divisions of labor increases production for the reason that returns to the moments spent on tasks are frequently greater to employees who give attention to a narrower range of skills.
Specialization of labor
This is a process in which many people survive by doing anything they can in order to get a hold of ten basics necessary for themselves and their families. A clan of people has to do all the available tasks which are necessary for their lives. These are dressing skills, making tools, hunting, gathering, and providing shelters. As societies became quite bigger and also more difficult, people started to specialize in various types of jobs (Tornqvist 19). However, it is not necessary for one person to be trained in every type of work but they could specialize in different kinds of jobs.
Through labor specialization workers are able to make human capital investments decisions about the depth and also the wideness of their own skills.
Three ways in which labor specialization assist in reducing labor costs.
Child gender has significant effects in matters concerning the labor supply of both mothers and fathers whereby these effects are opposite at the ends of education. Boys are reducing specialization between the college-educated thus increase specialization among their parents with something low than the high school level of education. There is great improvement about the productive powers of labor and its greater part of the skill and judgment in which it is directed whereby it seems to be having the effects of the divisions of labor (Tornqvist 9).
The rural labor force is growing rapidly mainly in most developing countries but the job opportunities are not keeping pace. Through the scarcity of land, it is said that job opportunities must be created so that poverty can be reduced. Strategy makers look to the non-firm region to make the best use of rural employment which contributes quite a lot to economic growth, alleviates poverty, and improves income distribution. Increasing job opportunities in the rural areas apart from agriculture helps to stop migration from the rural areas to urban areas and reduce the congestion which is in the urban areas and also pollution is reduced.
With the growth of large-scale industrialization, we get that urban industries are not likely able to absorb the labor force which is increasing rapidly (Marcus 24). Labor specialization reduces labor costs by creating an economy that supports the economic security of its labor force. A universal economy that is increasingly built upon cheap labor costs undercuts this value which helps in driving the concerns of workers.
Complex jobs are typically not extensively finished by a lot of people whom each carry out a small figure of particular errands than by one person who attempts to finish the entire job. So specialization reduces labor costs and thereby the price the purchaser pays is set in the principle of comparative advantage. A division of labor is the major principle underlying the line in the mass production systems.
Conclusion
The paper has discussed various ways in which labor specialization assist in reducing labor costs whereby it is supposed to create an economy that supports the economic security for its labor force. The paper further says that as much as societies became quite bigger and also more difficult, people started to specialize in various types of jobs. So through labor specialization, people are able to do various types of jobs. People are trained in different areas.
Work cited
Marcus, B. Labour Specialization and City Formation. Great Britain: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1995.
Tornqvist, G. Division of Labor, Specialization, and Technical Change. Michigan: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1987.
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