Oil and Gas Extraction Activities

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Table of Contents

Introduction and Overview
Executive Summary
Main Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations

Observations Hazards and consequences	Control measures Immediate and longer-term actions	Timescale
Vehicle collision leading to employees’ injuries Workers stuck between hazards, leading to trauma Falling equipment Poor eye and face protection Inadequate material handling leading to injuries. Poor hands and feet protection Exposure to flammable liquids Subpar fire protection activities Fire code violations Two falls among workers occurring on the same day A slippery walking-working surface Confined space risks Strains and sprains Musculoskeletal issues among employees Unsafe driving Moving machine accident Improper handling of compressed gas and equipment Inadequate control of hazardous energy Injury resulting from the use of portable powered tools Exposure to hazardous chemicals Flame cutting operations, welding, and hot work Improper machine safety Hand injury due to equipment handling issues	Prevent fatigue driving, incorporate tools for vehicle servicing. Train workers on helping each other to get out of hazardous situations and be more careful around equipment. Secure tools and materials, barricade hazard areas, use catch platforms. Instruct workers to wear safety goggles at all times. Prevent excessive movement of materials; educate workers. Instruct workers to wear gloves and sturdy footwear for protection. Keep storage areas dry and cool; storing flammable liquids away from incompatible materials. Facilitate a revision by the fire department. Train workers on fire code regulations and conduct regular assessments of compliance. Follow OSHA’s regulations on Walking and Working Surfaces and Fall Prevention. Provide correct equipment to workers, plan ahead, and monitor the condition of surfaces. Prevent the occurrence of toxic atmospheres, increase oxygen availability within spaces. Incorporate workplace controls in both engineering and administration; educate and train workers. Integrate early intervention processes, monitor at-risk workers. Assess workers’ capabilities in driving, provide training. Instruct workers to never place themselves between a moving vehicle and an immovable object. Conduct regular assessments of workers’ use of equipment; implement training. Education and training of personnel. Invest into tools that have lower risks of improper handling, train workers on how to use new equipment. Ensure the availability of safety tools such as breathing masks and goggles. Provide repeated training on the use of welding and flame cutting equipment. Train workers on machine safety, invest in low-risk equipment. Instruct workers to wear gloves, train on better handling when necessary.	2 weeks – long-term change. 1-month training, repeated every 6 months. 2-months completion. 2 weeks – long-term change. 2 weeks – long-term change. 1 week – long-term change. 2 weeks – long term change. 1 week, reoccurring inspections every 3 months. 2 weeks – long-term change. Long-term change. 1 month – long-term change. 2 weeks – long-term change. 2 weeks – long-term change. Long-term change. 1 month, repeated every 4 months. 2 weeks – long-term change. 3 weeks – long-term change. 2 weeks – long-term change. 2 weeks – long-term change. 2 weeks – long-term change. 2 weeks, repeated training every 6 months. 1 month – long-term change. Long-term change.

Introduction and Overview

Oil and gas well servicing and drilling activities involve a wide variety of materials and equipment, all of which should be handled with care and safety. Recognizing and controlling possible safety violations is critical for preventing such adverse implications as injuries and deaths. The purpose of the current exploration is to conduct an observation of the processes occurring at an oil and gas plant, identifying the threats to safety and health hazards as well as suitable control measures and timescales, as well as making recommendations on realistic practices that would improve the environments at the facility and encourage the following of norms and regulations.

It is expected to review the situation in relation to oil and gas extraction activities, namely, explosions and fires, ergonomic hazards, machine hazards, electrical and other hazardous energy sources, high pressure equipment, falls among workers, as fell as issues associated with confined spaces. Vehicle collisions also represent a challenge for oil and gas extraction plants because both workers and equipment have to be transported between locations.

Vehicle crashes have been noted to be the leading cause of fatalities among oil and gas extraction workers, with 4 out of every 10 killed on the job in the industry as a result of vehicle accidents, as found by the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. Therefore, the work at an oil and gas facility presents significant risks to safety, which should be identified and immediately acted upon.

Executive Summary

The observation of work conducted at an oil and gas plant showed that the risks of work at the facility are multi-dimensional and require the close attention of managers overseeing the work of employees. Injuries represent the greatest challenge for the organization because the variety of processes that workers perform are all associated with hazardous materials or environments necessary for complete everyday tasks. The purpose of the inspection was to make observations on the risks and hazards to workers’ safety. Ranging from such minor complications as sprains to more serious injuries from falls, workers are subjected to serious threats to their health and thus are highly likely to suffer from injuries. The key objective of the observation is formulating solutions to eliminate each of the identified safety threats.

The table developed for the current observation includes a list of twenty-three observed hazards associated with the work at the oil and gas plant in the first column. The second column of the table offers proposals for both short- and long-term control measures that are necessary for preventing the hazards and their implications from causing harm to workers. The third column is necessary for identifying the timeframes for solving the identified hazards as well as pointing out whether the change should be transformed into a long-term change. The timeframe column also identifies prevention and management activities that should be completed on a regular basis to guarantee the appropriate handling of hazardous occurrences.

Main Findings

The key finding of the observation is concerned with the fact that employees’ work is highly hazardous, with limited attention being paid to preventing the occurrence of injuries.

Observation #10: frequent falls among the workers of the plant.

It was observed that multiple workers fell during the work day. According to the OSHA Fall Protection Regulations, putting workers in hazardous conditions that cause falls is a breach of workplace standard. Management should ensure the protection of workers against regular falls at the facility through integrating a reliable fall protection system.

Observation #14: Moving machinery hazards.

Several hazardous situations were observed when workers were at risk of being harmed by machinery. This is a violation of the CSA Standard Z432-16 regarding the Safeguarding of machinery. It is recommended to train employees on the appropriate use of moving machinery, equipment, and vehicle handling in accordance with industry standards.

Observation #4: Inadequate face and eyes protection.

It was observed that several workers were not equipped with appropriate eye and face protection. This is in violation of OSHA 1926.102 – Eye and face protection regulation. It is recommended to invest into effective and up-to-date protective equipment to facilitate the appropriate protection of workers’ faces and eyes.

Observation #13: Strains and sprains.

During the observation, it was seen that several workers sprained their arms and legs. This is in violation of OSHA’s Strains and Sprains regulations. It is recommended to improve the ergonomics at the worksite in order to prevent the occurrence of traumatic events.

Observation #20: Hazardous materials exposure.

It was observed that the workers were routinely exposed to hazardous materials at worksites. The lack of regulation goes against OSHA’s 29 CFR 1910.1200, 1915.1200, 1917.28, 1918.90, and 1926.59 Worker Education and Training (Hazard Communication Standard). It is recommended to better educate employees on how they should handle hazardous materials in order to avoid trauma.

Observation #11: Slippery surfaces.

Several surfaces on the worksite were noticed during the observation. The observation is in violation of NIOSH Slip, Trip, and Fall Prevention standards. It is recommended to invest into better cleaning and slip-proof surfaces.

Observation #12. Lack of compliance with NIOSH and OSHA standards. This observation is concerned with the general conclusions regarding the unsafe behaviors of workers. It is recommended to educate workers on better compliance efforts.

Conclusions

In order to ensure safe practices at the work sites within oil and gas plants, the management of companies is expected to control a range of processes that lead to potential risks among employees. Besides, fostering a partnership between a company and its workers is essential for facilitating the understanding of safety measures and identifying warning signs of future injuries. Early interventions show to be the most effective in preventing the occurrence of injuries at such facilities as oil and gas plans because they protect workers against potential hazards. Both workers and employers must take responsibility of different levels. Organizations should be responsible for the capabilities and limitations of their settings through a systematic process of ergonomics improvement.

Recommendations

Recommendation	Likely resource implications	Priority	Target date
Observation #10. It is recommended to protect workers against regular falls at the facility through integrating a reliable fall protection system. It is suggested to implement personnel training on how to recognize and eliminate fall hazards, how to use the OSHAD fall protection procedures, and how to follow fall protection regulations.	Human resources: the assistance of certified authorized persons (between 2 and 5) to provide personnel training. Qualified persons can help workers understand what they are doing wrong and how to be aware of the implications of unsafe work. Financial: expected costs up to 4000 AED.	Highest priority	03.01.2020
Observation #14. It is recommended to train employees on the appropriate use of moving machinery, equipment, and vehicle handling in accordance with industry standards.	Human resources: The involvement of independent engineers into the assessment of machinery use processes is necessary for successful training. Financial: The estimated costs of involving independent engineers over a 2-month period is expected to cost up to AED 15,000.	High priority.	03.01.2020
Observation #4. Invest into effective and up-to-date protective equipment to facilitate the appropriate protection of workers’ faces and eyes.	Financial: resources needed to update the current protective equipment that workers use. Training is needed to educate workers on identifying the limitations of equipment that they use. Estimated costs up to AED 10,000.	High priority.	03.02.2020
Observation #13. It is recommended to prevent the occurrence of strains and sprains as outlined in SHRM guidelines through improving overall health habits and encouraging rest.	Financial: the estimated costs for workplace conditions improvement is approximately AED 8,000.	Moderate priority	03.04.2020
Observation #12. It is recommended to educate workers on the compliance with OSHA and NIOSH regulations as current processes are in violation of them.	Human resources: the estimated costs of workers education can amount to AED 10,000 over 4-month period.	Moderate priority	03.04.2020
Observation #20. It is recommended to review the compliance with OSHA health standards in 29 CFR part 1910 as related to the exposure to hazardous materials.	Financial: hiring an independent specialist to assess compliance is estimated to cost approximately AED 4,000 for 10 days.	High priority	03.02.2020
Observation #11: It is recommended to eliminate slippery surfaces in the workplace as they violate NIOSH regulations. This is possible through the investment into better cleaning and slip-proof surfaces.	Financial: the improvement of conditions to prevent slips ca cost up to AED 6,000.	Moderate priority	03.05.2020

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Oil and Gas Extraction Activities

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