Market Orientation for Sustainable Performance

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The analysis of the efficient scores data in the excel sheet is as shown in the descriptive Table 1 below.

Descriptive Statistics
Efficiency Scores
N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Minimum Maximum
Lower Bound Upper Bound
small 74 .69987975 .124491628 .014471858 .67103738 .72872212 .360904 1.000000
medium 208 .74428702 .113083606 .007840937 .72882869 .75974535 .408013 1.000000
large 79 .79339540 .109032200 .012267081 .76897352 .81781729 .460748 1.000000
Significantly Large 36 .78594411 .089160985 .014860164 .75577637 .81611184 .604460 .964718
Total 397 .74955926 .116470069 .005845465 .73806724 .76105128 .360904 1.000000

Table 1: Descriptive statistics.

The table shows the count, mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation values similar to those presented in the research. The results are presented in eight decimal places as compared to the published research’s four decimal places. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the significance of firms’ size on their efficiency scores in the dataset is shown in the Table 2 below.

ANOVA
Efficiency Scores
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups .388 3 .129 10.195 .000
Within Groups 4.984 393 .013
Total 5.372 396

Table 2: ANOVA.

The ANOVA results show a statistically significant effect of a firm’s size on its efficiency. The F value and p-value obtained F(3, 393) = 10.195, p = 0.000 were significant since the p-value was less than the significance level of 0.05. Since the ANOVA test shows a statistically significant difference between the groups, post-hoc analysis was conducted to investigate multiple comparisons between the groups. The post-hoc analysis based on the least-significant difference was conducted, and the results are as shown in Table 3 below.

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Efficiency Scores
LSD
(I) Size (J) Size Mean Difference (I-J) Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
Lower Bound Upper Bound
small medium -.044407265* .015242924 .004 -.07437514 -.01443939
large -.093515650* .018218289 .000 -.12933315 -.05769816
Significantly Large -.086064354* .022883397 .000 -.13105354 -.04107517
medium small .044407265* .015242924 .004 .01443939 .07437514
large -.049108385* .014882881 .001 -.07836841 -.01984836
Significantly Large -.041657089* .020328403 .041 -.08162311 -.00169107
large small .093515650* .018218289 .000 .05769816 .12933315
medium .049108385* .014882881 .001 .01984836 .07836841
Significantly Large .007451296 .022645160 .742 -.03706951 .05197210
Significantly Large small .086064354* .022883397 .000 .04107517 .13105354
medium .041657089* .020328403 .041 .00169107 .08162311
large -.007451296 .022645160 .742 -.05197210 .03706951
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

Table 3: Multiple Comparisons.

The post-hoc analysis results from the analysis of the data are similar to the published research’s results. The results show significant means difference between small, medium, and large shipping firms. The p-values for comparing small, medium, and large shipping firms are all less than 0.05; implying statistically significant mean differences. The P-value of the efficiency mean differences between large firms and significantly large firms is 0.742 which is greater than 0.05. Therefore, the difference between large and significantly large shipping firms are not statistically significant.

The results in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 in published research used the Durbin Watson test of autocorrelation between market orientation and firm performance. The analysis in Table 1 showed a single market orientation factor with small statistical significance on firm performance from the test. The test researcher partially accepted the hypothesis which would have rather been rejected. The analysis in Table 2 showed; the firm size was statistically significant to its performance, confirmed by the ANOVA test showing the researcher’s results were correct. The analysis in Table 3 shows hierarchical regression analysis in testing firm size’s effect on market orientation.

The results showed significant p-values that led to the acceptance of the hypothesis. The researcher’s use of Durbin Watson’s tests for testing the hypothesis was effective for testing correlations since similar results were shown in the ANOVA test presented in Table 5 of the published research.

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