Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioural Sciences

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Upon assessing the correlation coefficient of the bivariate correlation, it can be concluded that there is a weak relationship between the two variables. Furthermore, it is clear that there is a positive correlation between A and B and it is statistically significant. In addition, the coefficient of determination is 1.44 percent.

A person unfamiliar with statistics should be presented to the concept of correlations and its key characteristics. Correlation can be defined as a statistical technique that is used to measure and describe the relationship between two variables (Gravetter & Wallnau, 2014, p. 450).

A numerical value of a correlation coefficient r can vary from 0 to 1, where 0 is indicative of the absence of a relationship between the two values. Given that r is close to 0, it can be concluded that a weak relationship is present. The positive sign of the r shows that there is a positive direction of the relationship. It means that when A variable increases, the B variable also increases and vice versa. It should be noted that there is no connection between a correlations sign and its strength.

A statistical significance p of a correlation can help to determine whether results can be attributed to random factors (Triola, 2015). By comparing p to 0.05, it is possible to tell whether a probability of obtaining r is higher or lower than 5 out of 100 cases. Taking into consideration the fact that p is 0.01, r can be obtained by chance only in 1 out of 100 cases, which means that the correlation is statistically meaningful.

Finally, by multiplying r by itself, one can arrive at the coefficient of determination, which measures the level of variability of a dataset (Triola, 2015). For the r, the coefficient is 0.0144. It means that only 1.44 percent of A can be predicted by B.

References

Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2014). Essentials of statistics for the behavioural sciences (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Triola, M. F. (2015). Essentials of statistics (5th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson.

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