Comparison of China and Japan in political regimes

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Governance is a practice that has been diverse ever since time immemorial not only among different governments but also even within the same constitutional provisions. The dynamics in governance are extensive from government to government and from regime to regime with every leader having their own governance ideologies and styles.

This translates to the fact that no single regime resembles the other in terms of governance. Owing to this, every regime must be viewed as a single unit for better and thorough understanding. This paper compares the political regimes in china and Japan and the characteristics of their political institutions.

Political framework

One of the most distinguishing factors of the two countries is the political framework. In china, politics are played in a single-party socialist republic i.e. the communist party. The powers of the state in the country are exercised through this party and the Central People’s Government, which has provincial and local components through which the unit exercises its powers.

As opposed to this system in china, the Japanese political framework is a democratic monarchy with parliamentary representation. Furthermore, unlike the Chinese framework, which is a single party system, the Japanese political system encompasses a multiparty system. In this case, the prime minister heads the government, which exercises executive power.

Government

The highest and most powerful body in the Chinese government is the Central People’s Government. This body stands as the only legislative organ in the republic of china.

The determination of its membership falls under the Communist Party of China and its role as a policy maker is of great importance. The president’s office in china is a ceremonial office and the occupant of this office serves the role of the nominal head of state. The election of a candidate for this office is a ‘single candidate’ elections, which is the responsibility of the National People’s Congress.

In another level of the government is the state council, which is appointed by the National People’s Congress and the Premier sits as its chair. The members of this council are the heads of the governmental departments and agencies, approximately fifty in total. Chief among the roles of this council is overseeing the provincial governments.

At this level of governance are other bodies like the Central Military Commission, which exercise command over the people’s liberation army. The others include the Supreme People’s Court and Supreme People’s Procuratorate- the highest court in the county’s judicial system.

On the other hand, the Japanese government is quite different. The system of governance has two levels, the national government and the local government. Under the national government, there are three arms namely the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. The legislature, called the National Diet of Japan, sits in two houses: the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors. In this government, the executive reports to the Diet.

The Emperor under the instruction of the diet appoints the head of the executive. The judiciary, whose responsibility is to enforce law, has several levels of courts. These levels fall under the jury system, with the Supreme Court being the highest court in the system.

The local government of the Japanese regime heavily depends on the national government for funding. The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications in the national government is the main government structure set for these interventions. The setup grants the regions some autonomy in policy implementation, which helps them preserve their uniqueness.

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Comparison of China and Japan in political regimes

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