Comparative Appeal of Private and Public Higher Education: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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The Situation

  • KSA funds a total of 8 universities with 76 colleges;
  • Public education commenced with King Saud University 1957;
  • All are tuition-free;
  • Even pay students a stipend;
  • Competition has more appeal;
  • Private universities in the Kingdom;
  • Study abroad (UK, USA).

The Situation

The Situation

Problem Statements

  • Why the mismatch?
  • Proximity?
  • Quality of instruction?
  • Variety of course offerings?
  • Versus preferred careers, occupations?
  • Academic standards vs. performance in high school?
  • Biases of decision-makers?
  • Who decides?

Problem Statements

Research Objectives

  • Determine if parents or children influence decision more.
  • What criteria guided them:
    • In choice of public university?
    • To opt for local or foreign private university?
  • What are the credible media, other sources of information?
  • What are their preferred careers?
  • What course of study will best prepare them for these careers?
  • In general, what is the perception of academic standards at public and private universities.
  • Or is the financial standing of the family the sole consideration for attending public university?

Research ObjectivesResearch Objectives

Statement of Hypotheses

H01 There is no difference in preference for public schooling by family income
H02 There is no difference in preference for public schooling by proximity
H03 There is no difference in parental versus child preferences for private university
H04 There is no difference in perceived academic standards between private and public schools
H05 There is no difference in preference for private schools among parents who graduated abroad or from local private schools
H06 There is no difference in range of course offerings between private and public schools
H07 There is no difference in perceived suitability for career plans between private and public school curricula
H08 There is no difference in perceived teacher qualifications between private and public schools
H09 There is no difference in publicity and information channel effectiveness between private and public schools

Statement of HypothesesStatement of HypothesesStatement of HypothesesStatement of Hypotheses

Methodology

  • Mixed methods approach;
  • Secondary/Desk research;
  • Qualitative Depth Interviews for insight into decision-maker motivations;
  • Quantitative Self-administered Survey:
    • *To quantify motivations;
    • And sources of dissatisfaction.

Methodology

Sampling Frame

Qualitative:

  • Convenience sampling;
  • Best efforts at diversifying by city and family socio-economic status.

Quantitative:

  • Systematic sampling;
  • From the universe of all private and public school students.

Sampling Frame

Sample Sizes

  • Qualitative: from 50 to 100 or until interviews no longer reveal new constructs;
  • Quantitative: 1,000 respondents in order to suppress standard error of estimate to ± 3% for entire sample, given normal assumptions at 95% confidence level.

Sample Sizes

Breakdown of Quantitative Sample

Public School Private School
Students
  • 125 in 1st year college
  • 125 4th year HS
  • 125 in 1st year college
  • 125 4th year HS
Parents 250 250

Breakdown of Quantitative Sample

Data Analysis, Desk Research

Secondary data:

  • Contingency tables and cross-tabs;
  • Correspondence analysis.

To investigate differences between public and private university as to variety of course offerings and proximity to population centers.

Data Analysis, Desk Research

Data Analysis, Qualitative

Developing constructs:

  • Transcription and encoding;
  • Two-judge manual coding;
  • Computer-aided coding.

Outcomes:

  • Verbatim statements to illustrate depth of feeling;
  • Constructs to inform formulation of survey questionnaire.

Data Analysis, Qualitative

Data Analysis, Survey Research

Categorical, nominal variables Χ2, chi square to test for significance of difference of proportions
Attitude variables, Scale items T test for differences of means
Compound variables Correlation and regression

Data Analysis, Survey Research

Activities Plan
Activities Plan.
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