One does not have to hold a Ph.D. in psychiatry to realize that peoples continuous commitment to promoting the idea that Western countries have a moral obligation to provide humanitarian aid to citizens of Third World countries, serves as an undeniable indication of these individuals mental inadequacy. And the reason for this is simple over the course of the last thirty years, not a single U.N. Session has been conducted, without delegates spending a great amount of time while discussing what can be done to eliminate hunger in developing countries. Yet, despite millions and millions of dollars being poured into these countries economies, over the course of decades, people in the Third World did not become less hungry, simply because developing countries are not really developing they are rapidly descending into primeval savagery, as we speak. In its turn, this can be explained by a simple fact that nature cannot be tricked referring to all representatives of humanity, as absolutely equal, does not make them equal in reality.
As history shows, people in Third World countries were only able to advance socially and culturally, for as long as they maintained close contact with White settlers, who had introduced them to the notion of civilization, in the first place. However, once these contacts are being cut off, due to national liberation movements , the civilizational status quo in developing countries becomes instantly re-established, with these countries native citizens turning into what they used to be, before the arrival of Whites savages, who participate in never-ending tribal warfare, as their full time and only occupation, in time free from making babies. It is not a secret that African countries now suffer from being grossly overpopulated. For example, despite being affected by never-ending civil war and famine, the number of Ethiopians had tripled, within a matter of the last forty years. There can be no doubt that all these people need to be provided with food, on a continuous basis, but it is quite questionable whether it should be up to the citizens in Western countries to provide Ethiopians (and others) with food. After all, nothing should prevent aboriginals, liberated of white oppression , from doing what White people used to while being in charge of designing socio-political policies in the colonies farming the land, building factories, schools, hospitals, roads, etc.
Yet instead, Blacks became solely preoccupied with doing something more natural to them exterminating each other on an industrial scale (Rwandan genocide of 1994, Congos genocide of 1999, Sudans genocide of 2007, etc.). At the same time, many Western politicians and religious leaders, instilled with the complex of historical guilt , continue to promote the idea that the flow of humanitarian aid to developing countries should never stop. For example, people who have designed a donation plea Food Saves Lives (really?), which can be found on the website of World Vision (one of numerous money laundering schemes, under the disguise of Christian charity ), do not even try to conceal the fact that they intend to take an advantage of aging White peoples gullibility: Gift of $100 will provide $800 worth of life-saving food to children and families in need (World Vision 2008).
Therefore, we can only agree with Patrick Buchanan, who in his book The Death of the West suggested that providing people in Third World countries with humanitarian aid , causes them more harm than it could possibly do them any good, especially when the lambs of God are being put in charge of the process: Great folly of Christian doctrine was probably never as glaringly revealed as by the insane policies the Christian churches implemented in the Third World. These churches oppose contraception, sterilization, and abortion among their members. This results in exploding population growth which is further abetted by the medical care and food provided by the same churches (Buchanan 2001). The validity of this thesis is best illustrated with the example of Zimbabwe, which under the rule of Robert Mugabe has been reduced into the heaps of ruins, even though that, as recently as thirty years ago, when evil White racists ruled Rhodesia, this country thrived economically and culturally, to were Blacks from all over Africa dreamt of immigrating. It is now being estimated that the monetary worth of humanitarian aid, sent to this countrys underpowered citizens, over the course of the last twenty years, amounts to $350.000.000. Did this aid really help to reduce the rates of poverty among Zimbabwes citizens? No. But there can be no doubt that this aid did help Robert Mugabe to acquire a $300.000 million mansion in the center of Paris.
This is why, those who suggest that citizens of Third World countries can really benefit from Western humanitarian aid , are whether insane or criminally-minded (very often both), because as practice shows, 99% of all the monetary aid , collected on behalf of hungry children of Africa , is being laundered through Nigerian banks and placed on personal banks accounts of those heart-bleeding Western politicians and clergymen, who pledge for donations, and on personal bank accounts of their African accomplices. Even if humanitarian aid was distributed among those to whom it really belongs, sending such aid to Third World countries would still make no sense whatsoever, because the more people in developing countries would be able to survive, as the result of being aided , on the part of Whites, the greater will be the number of illegal immigrants finding its way from these countries to the West, where these immigrants would immediately begin celebrating diversity by setting cars on fire at night and by gang-raping White women. Therefore, the very idea of humanitarian aid should be recognized for what it really is a by-product of a sick neo-Liberal mentality.
References
Buchanan, Patrick The Death of the West: How Dying Populations and Immigrant Invasions Imperil Our Country and Civilization. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2001.
One does not have to hold a Ph.D. in psychiatry to realize that people’s continuous commitment to promoting the idea that Western countries have a “moral obligation” to provide humanitarian aid to citizens of Third World countries, serves as an undeniable indication of these individuals’ mental inadequacy. And the reason for this is simple – over the course of the last thirty years, not a single U.N. Session has been conducted, without delegates spending a great amount of time while discussing what can be done to eliminate hunger in developing countries. Yet, despite millions and millions of dollars being poured into these countries’ economies, over the course of decades, people in the Third World did not become less hungry, simply because “developing countries” are not really developing – they are rapidly descending into primeval savagery, as we speak. In its turn, this can be explained by a simple fact that nature cannot be tricked – referring to all representatives of humanity, as absolutely equal, does not make them equal in reality.
As history shows, people in Third World countries were only able to advance socially and culturally, for as long as they maintained close contact with White settlers, who had introduced them to the notion of civilization, in the first place. However, once these contacts are being cut off, due to “national liberation movements”, the civilizational status quo in “developing” countries becomes instantly re-established, with these countries’ native citizens turning into what they used to be, before the arrival of Whites – savages, who participate in never-ending tribal warfare, as their full time and only occupation, in time free from making babies. It is not a secret that African countries now suffer from being grossly overpopulated. For example, despite being affected by never-ending civil war and famine, the number of Ethiopians had tripled, within a matter of the last forty years. There can be no doubt that all these people need to be provided with food, on a continuous basis, but it is quite questionable whether it should be up to the citizens in Western countries to provide Ethiopians (and others) with food. After all, nothing should prevent aboriginals, liberated of “white oppression”, from doing what White people used to while being in charge of designing socio-political policies in the colonies – farming the land, building factories, schools, hospitals, roads, etc.
Yet instead, Blacks became solely preoccupied with doing something “more natural” to them – exterminating each other on an industrial scale (Rwandan genocide of 1994, Congo’s genocide of 1999, Sudan’s genocide of 2007, etc.). At the same time, many Western politicians and religious leaders, instilled with the complex of “historical guilt”, continue to promote the idea that the flow of humanitarian aid to “developing” countries should never stop. For example, people who have designed a donation plea “Food Saves Lives” (really?), which can be found on the website of World Vision (one of numerous money laundering schemes, under the disguise of “Christian charity”), do not even try to conceal the fact that they intend to take an advantage of aging White people’s gullibility: “Gift of $100 will provide $800 worth of life-saving food to children and families in need” (World Vision 2008).
Therefore, we can only agree with Patrick Buchanan, who in his book “The Death of the West” suggested that providing people in Third World countries with “humanitarian aid”, causes them more harm than it could possibly do them any good, especially when the “lambs of God” are being put in charge of the process: “Great folly of Christian doctrine was probably never as glaringly revealed as by the insane policies the Christian churches implemented in the Third World. These churches oppose contraception, sterilization, and abortion among their members. This results in exploding population growth which is further abetted by the medical care and food provided by the same churches” (Buchanan 2001). The validity of this thesis is best illustrated with the example of Zimbabwe, which under the rule of Robert Mugabe has been reduced into the heaps of ruins, even though that, as recently as thirty years ago, when “evil White racists” ruled Rhodesia, this country thrived economically and culturally, to were Blacks from all over Africa dreamt of immigrating. It is now being estimated that the monetary worth of humanitarian aid, sent to this country’s “underpowered” citizens, over the course of the last twenty years, amounts to $350.000.000. Did this “aid” really help to reduce the rates of poverty among Zimbabwe’s citizens? No. But there can be no doubt that this “aid” did help Robert Mugabe to acquire a $300.000 million mansion in the center of Paris.
This is why, those who suggest that citizens of Third World countries can really benefit from Western “humanitarian aid”, are whether insane or criminally-minded (very often – both), because as practice shows, 99% of all the monetary “aid”, collected on behalf of “hungry children of Africa”, is being laundered through Nigerian banks and placed on personal banks accounts of those heart-bleeding Western politicians and clergymen, who pledge for donations, and on personal bank accounts of their African accomplices. Even if “humanitarian aid” was distributed among those to whom it really belongs, sending such aid to Third World countries would still make no sense whatsoever, because the more people in “developing” countries would be able to survive, as the result of being “aided”, on the part of Whites, the greater will be the number of illegal immigrants finding its way from these countries to the West, where these immigrants would immediately begin “celebrating diversity” by setting cars on fire at night and by gang-raping White women. Therefore, the very idea of “humanitarian aid” should be recognized for what it really is – a by-product of a sick neo-Liberal mentality.
References
Buchanan, Patrick “The Death of the West: How Dying Populations and Immigrant Invasions Imperil Our Country and Civilization”. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2001.
In the modern developing world, nations are ranked depending on their social, political, and economical status. Most countries that fall under the third world nations are the underdeveloped nations found in the Middle East, South Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. The people of these regions have ancient traditions and practices that they have refused to detach themselves. Some of these practices are unethical and “inhuman”, the purpose of this research paper, therefore, is to discuss how bias some of these practices are and how the affect the millions and millions of third world women and men.
Biasness against Third World Women and Men
Some traditional practices have made women in third world countries look inferior as compared to their counterparts in the western world. I Africa for instance, some nations have religious practices female genital mutilation (FGM) or clitoridectomy / female circumcision for ages, this is even though some of the women in these communities believe it is an outdated act that should be shunned. The women are forced to undergo the “cut” as a sign that they are ready for womanhood; this however is not true since such heinous acts expose them to diseases and the woman may develop complications during pregnancy. The women of Africa have also been subjected to all forms of slavery by their superior female and male counterparts, it has been observed that some young women are subjected to be sex slaves with the belief that having sexual intercourse with an underage girl is a medication to HIV / AID. This is a belief that most traditional leaders have held dear for years yet the truth is that it has increased the prevalence of the disease. As for the men, slavery is top of the least especially from the colonial master. This has made the African men no matter how intelligent they are appear inferior to their western counterparts.
Religion is a very powerful tool and in some cases, people have become slaves of religion. In India for example, there is a religious practice known as the Suttee Practice, where widow ascends the traditional funeral pyres of their departed husbands to be cremated with them. This is a demonic act but one that is still practiced in some parts of the nation. Most of the biasness that women and men in third world countries go through is because of the traditions that the traditional African leaders adhere to.
The Problematic Term to Avoid
Categorizing people/nations based on social, political, and economic strength is unfair and unjust. The use of the term third world countries shows how low some nations and its population are rated. This is despite the fact most of the economies of the so-called “First World” nations are powered by the labor and skills from the “Third World” countries. It is human and just if the term was dropped and replaced with developing nations. The reason for this is that although most of the nations that are categories under the third world nations are still struggling economically, socially, and politically but the growth and development of the internet and telecommunication industry have helped to elevate the living conditions of these nations. The dropping of the term will also give the women and men of these nations a sense of respect and they will not feel inferior as compared to their western counterparts.
Conclusion
In the recent past, women in third world countries have shown certain mobility and economic prowess attributes. These attributes illustrate gender diversity where women have become economically mobile since men in these countries seem, to a greater extent, to be absent from domestic space. The dynamism observed in women is explained as an adaption to challenges coming as a result of men in absentia from their roles in the domestic space. This underlines the need for co-existence to share responsibilities and productive work to keep a third-world family going.
1. Nowadays, it became quite clear to just about anyone that the idea that, by providing a financial aid to the so-called ‘developing’ countries, Western nations would be able to help these countries to get out of poverty, has been deprived of the remains of its former legitimacy.[1]
This could not be otherwise, because ever since the ‘aid’ paradigm has attained the status of the UN official policy, in regards to the Third World countries, there has been not even a single instance reported of the policy’s implementation having produced a positive outcome.
Quite on the contrary – the more this ‘aid’ has been pumped into the concerned countries’ economy, the faster they grew detached from the notions of progress and development, in the first place. In its turn, this leaves very little doubt that the assumption that aid can serve as the tool of development, is conceptually fallacious. In this paper, I will explore the validity of the above-stated thesis at length.
2. One of the reasons why, during the course of the late 20th century, it became a commonplace practice among ‘progressive’ politicians in the West to advocate the idea of aid, is that during this time it used to be fashionable to assess the essence of the ongoing developments on the international arena within the conceptual framework of political Constructivism. According to the paradigm’s foremost provision, as time goes on, the very purpose of the independent states’ continual existence undergoes a qualitative transformation. [2]
In its turn, this was supposed to justify the idea that rich countries should preoccupy themselves with trying to improve living standards in the Third World. Nevertheless, as time goes on, it becomes increasingly clear to more and more people that, discursively speaking, political Constructivism is nothing by the instrument that allows Western countries to conceal their actual (Realist) agenda, concerned with: a) political/economic expansion, b) maintenance of a political stability within, c) destabilization of competing states.
What it means is that Western countries cannot be genuinely interested in having aid, which they provide to the ‘developing’ countries, to prove effective, by definition. After all, the fact that people in the West enjoy the world’s highest standards of living is the direct consequence of the Western countries’ existential mode remaining largely ‘parasitic’.
The validity of this statement can be well illustrated, in regards to the FRS’s practice of emitting billions and billions of dollars, without bothering to ensure that the money in question does reflect the value of any material assets. As a result, the US currency had ceased to represent any objective value, whatsoever, while being turned into essentially the tons of a valueless green paper (nowadays, it is rather the bunch of digital zeroes in the FRS’s main computer).
Yet, it is specifically this currency (the US dollar), with which the Western world pays ‘developing’ countries, in exchange for their natural and human resources. In the similar manner, Spanish and later British colonists used to buy land from the American Natives, in exchange for glass-beads. Therefore, the Western practice of providing the Third World countries with aid, while these countries are being robbed clean by the very same ‘aid-providers’, is a hypocrisy of the worst kind.
Being strongly hypocritical, this practice cannot possibly result in the improvement of living standards among the world’s most impoverished people. Quite on the contrary – it prompts aid-recipients to adopt the mentality of beggars, which are doomed to rely on others, while trying to meet the ends.[3] In its turn, this causes the ‘poor and needy’ to become resentful of their moralistically minded ‘beneficiaries’.
In this respect, it would prove quite impossible to disagree with Bindra, who suggested that: “Far from being productive or necessary, the donor-dependant relationship most often ends in mutual hatred. And amid the final acrimony, one crucial fact is forgotten: the longer the relationship has carried on, the less capable the dependant of reducing his dependence”.[4]
This explains the phenomenon of legal and illegal immigrants from the Third world continuing to arrive to the Western shores in big numbers, despite remaining deeply resentful of the so-called ‘Western values’. These people are perfectly aware that in their own countries, they do not have even a slight chance of a social advancement, by definition, which in turn is the direct consequence of the West’s ‘well-meaning’ geopolitical arrogance, reflected by the euro-centric belief that aid can indeed serve as the tool of development.
This, of course, once again exposes the sheer fallaciousness of the assumption that by throwing ‘crumbs’ from their richly served tables to those people that have to struggle with hunger on a daily basis, philanthropically-minded Westerners would be able to make a difference.
There is another reason why there can be no rationale, whatsoever, in thinking that there may be any objective benefits to the policy of providing aid to the ‘developing’ countries – especially if the latter happened to be situated in Africa. This reason has to do with the fact that, in the evolutionary sense of this word, these countries’ citizens cannot be considered equal with their Western or South-Asian counterparts.
After all, it does not represent much of a secret that the average rate of IQ among citizens of the world’s most impoverished countries, such as Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea and Ethiopia, amounts to as low as 50-60.[5] What it means is that the very assumption that aid can trigger the process of the evolutionary underdeveloped individuals being set on the path of progress, does not stand much of a discursive ground.
The reason for this is apparent – it is only those individuals that are capable of operating with highly abstract subject matters, which in turn is being reflected by the rate of their IQ, who have what it takes to be able to enforce the virtues of a rationale-based (and consequentially prosperous) living.
After all, it is specifically one’s ability to understand the meaning of abstractly sounding terms/definitions, which creates objective preconditions for the individual in question to be capable of exercising a rational control over its animalistic urges.
One of these urges is concerned with the intellectually underdeveloped people’s tendency to remain tribally minded, throughout the course of their lives. In its turn, this can be discussed in terms of a metaphysical ground, out of which these people’s taste for corruption actually stems.
This helps us to understand why, as practice indicates, at least 60% of a financial/material aid that is being provided to the ‘developing’ countries annually, on the part of the West, ends up being stolen by the local officials, in charge of distributing this aid among the most socially disadvantaged citizens. [6]
Yet, it is not only that this does not cause aid-providing Western countries to reconsider the legitimacy of the policy in question, but it in fact appears to provide aid-donors with an additional incentive to keep on throwing money into the bottomless pit of the Third World. Such a seeming illogicality, however, can be well explained once we realize that, in the geopolitical sense of this word, the term ‘aid’ is nothing but the well-sounding euphemism to the term ‘extortion’.
The rationale behind this suggestion is as follows: By providing aid to the Third World countries, Westerners contribute to the maintenance of the situation when the representatives of the corrupted ruling elites in these countries, are able to remain in the position of power, while continuing to lead a parasitic existence. The price of this is that the rest of ordinary citizens are being kept in the state of an extreme poverty.
After all, the more impoverished citizens are, the easier it is to provide them with the incentives to participate in elections/publicly held mass-rallies, which in turn legitimize the earlier mentioned state of affairs. This is because the cost of the impoverished citizens’ active participation in the earlier mentioned activities is comparatively cheap.
For example, it represents a common practice, on the part of politicians in many ‘developing’ countries, to hire people to participate in the mass-rallies (staged to prove that these politicians indeed enjoy much of a public support), by paying every individual ‘supporter’ as little, as $1 per day.[7] This partially explains the reason why, while pumping finances into the economies of the Third World countries, the UN bureaucrats never cease stressing out that the provided financial assistance is also meant to promote the values of democracy.
While knowing perfectly well that, within the Third World settings, democracy necessarily breeds corruption, the earlier mentioned bureaucrats simply strive to maintain the present status quo in the ‘developing’ countries, concerned with the situation when the small minority of these countries’ richest citizens continues to subject their less fortunate countrymen to the most extreme forms of an economic exploitation.
Therefore, the democracy-rhetoric, on the part of those Western politicians who popularize the idea that aid can indeed be considered the tool of development, indicates that, despite having condemned the legacy of colonialism formally, Western countries nevertheless continue to remain essentially colonial – although this time, their colonial aspirations are concealed with the politically correct wrapper of ‘aid’.[8]
Finally, the idea that aid may serve as the instrument of development cannot be considered thoroughly valid, because it is nothing but the byproduct of White people’s endowment with the sense of a perceptual euro-centrism.
That is, the concerned idea appears to be consistent with solely the Western outlook on what the notion of development stands for, because it reflects While people’s tendency to associate this particular notion with the notion of quality. What it means that there are no good reasons to consider this idea applicable, within the context of how people in non-Western countries go about addressing their evolutionary agenda of securing and expanding the affiliated environmental niche on the planet.
The reason for this is apparent – even though that, regardless of what happened to be the particulars of their ethno-cultural affiliation, all people are similar, in respect of being ‘programmed’ to seek domination, the strategies that they deploy during the course of the process, reflect the measure of the concerned individuals’ existential complexity.
Whereas, some people strive to maintain their evolutionary fitness by the mean of contributing to the pace of the technological/cultural progress (quality), the others pursue the same agenda by the mean of making babies on an industrial scale. In the eyes of evolution, neither of the mentioned strategies can be deemed ‘superior’ – all that matters, is that the chosen strategy ensures the eventual survival/dominance, on the part of its affiliates.[9][10]
In its turn, this implies that, despite the fact that many citizens in the Third World countries do suffer from undernourishment; ‘aid’ (in the Western sense of this word) is the last thing they need.
For example, within the matter of forty years, the population of Ethiopia has tripled – despite the fact that, throughout this time, Ethiopians continued to suffer from the never-ending civil war and famine.[11] Perceptually ‘feminized’ Westerners, on the other hand, grow ever more incapable of addressing even the most basic life-challenges – despite enjoying the world’s highest standards of living.
As opposed to the Western societies of whining degenerates, which have effectively ceased evolving, the Ethiopian society is blessed with the Darwinian vitality, which in turn allows its members to successfully deal even with the most unimaginable hardships – without needing to be ‘aided’ by those who cause these hardships, in the first place.
3. I believe that the earlier deployed line of argumentation, in defense of the suggestion that the notions of ‘aid’ and ‘development’ are mutually inconsistent, fully correlates with the paper’s initial thesis. Apparently, aid cannot lead to development, by definition.
Bibliography
Bebler, Anton. “Self-Assertion in the Third World.” International Political Science Review 1, no. 3 (1980): 369-380.
Bindra, Sunny. “Men Behaving Badly.” In Missionaries, Mercenaries and Misfits: An Anthology, edited by Rasna Warah, 147-155. London: AuthorHouse, 2008.
Ghosh, Arun. “Self-Reliance, Recent Economic Policies and Neo-Colonialism.” Economic and Political Weekly 27, no. 17 (1992): 865-868.
Hodgson, Geoffrey. “Darwinism and Institutional Economics.” Journal of Economic Issues 37, no. 1 (2003): 85-97.
Jones, Jack. “Social Darwinism Reconsidered.” Political Psychology 3, no. ½ (1981): 239-266.
Lynn, Richard, and Tatu Vanhanen. IQ and the Wealth of Nations. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002.
O’Higgins, Eleanor. “Corruption, Underdevelopment, and Extractive Resource Industries: Addressing the Vicious Cycle.” Business Ethics Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2006): 235-254.
Olssen, Mark. “Radical Constructivism and its Failings: Anti-Realism and Individualism.” British Journal of Educational Studies 44, no. 3 (1996): 275-295.
Szeftel, Morris. “Misunderstanding African Politics: Corruption & the Governance Agenda.” Review of African Political Economy 25, no. 76 (1998): 221-240.
Tomlinson, Bill. “What Was the Third World?’, Journal of Contemporary History 38, no. 2 (2003): 307-321.
White, Phillip and Lionel Cliffe. “War & Famine in Ethiopia & Eritrea.” Review of African Political Economy 27, no. 84 (2000): 329-333.
Footnotes
Bill Tomlinson “What Was the Third World?’, Journal of Contemporary History 38, no. 2 (2003): 311.
Mark Olssen “Radical Constructivism and its Failings: Anti-Realism and Individualism.” British Journal of Educational Studies 44, no. 3 (1996): 280.
Anton Bebler “Self-Assertion in the Third World”, International Political Science Review 1, no. 3 (1980): 375.
Sunny Bindra, “Men Behaving Badly.” In Missionaries, Mercenaries and Misfits: An Anthology, ed. by Rasna Warah (London: AuthorHouse, 2008), 149.
Richard Lynn and Tatu Vanhanen, IQ and the Wealth of Nations (Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002), 120.
Eleanor O’Higgins “Corruption, Underdevelopment, and Extractive Resource Industries: Addressing the Vicious Cycle.” Business Ethics Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2006): 237.
Morris Szeftel “Misunderstanding African Politics: Corruption & the Governance Agenda.” Review of African Political Economy 25, no. 76 (1998): 219.
Arun Ghosh “Self-Reliance, Recent Economic Policies and Neo-Colonialism.” Economic and Political Weekly 27, no. 17 (1992): 866.
Geoffrey Hodgson “Darwinism and Institutional Economics.” Journal of Economic Issues 37, no. 1 (2003): 90.
Jack Jones “Social Darwinism Reconsidered.” Political Psychology 3, no. ½ (1981): 245.
Phillip White and Lionel Cliffe “War & Famine in Ethiopia & Eritrea.” Review of African Political Economy 27, no. 84 (2000): 332.
The solution for third world countries lie in their own hands. Though it is not easy to implement they have the ability to. Capitalization in these countries is compared to re-arranging an eagle’s nest without disturbing the eagle. This clearly shows that it is a delicate issue and needs caution and care from the start. Otherwise what was meant for good may turn out worse if all areas are not taken care of.
They should therefore look at all aspects of how to implement successful implementation without ignoring any of them. This includes the political aspect, legal system of property and the social aspect. Developing and ex-communist countries have failed in capitalism and hence development. The problem is that in these countries capitalism is only for the elites. Initially, the United States and the Great Britain were the only countries that concentrated on capitalism. Latin America enhanced capitalism by controlling inflation, free trade and allowing private ownership of assets. However, they had failed four times before this success.
Main Body
Those who advocate for capitalism are seen as liars outside the West. Their fight for capitalism has failed due to the rulings that find them guilty of trying to manipulate the written law of the country. Most of these countries do not develop because there is so much of the dead capital. This is mainly caused by law that does not allow formal property system. The law is therefore very discriminative.
Many people cannot trade in expanded markets because of the property ownership system. The failure to document their assets and business in the expanded market, have limited them to enjoy many benefits that would be at their disposal if only they could take some actions. Registration and well managed property regulations should help them to climb up the ladder.
The government should promote a legal system that would enable unity and expertise to increase productivity. It is only good systems, and not faulty ones that can enhance development at a national level other than concentrating on a few individuals. This is compared to water. If each person has some little water, he might not be able to do much with it and it will bring only a little profit. If the water is put together, it is able to have a greater impact than when it is isolated. This signifies the power of unity.
Some people are the enemies to their own development by being enemies of capitalism. They make efforts to put down those who try to promote capitalism. They argue that the supporters are stepping on laws and breaking them.
The representation of an idea is very important. Some people are quick to reject ideas but with persistence they are able to embrace it. Cultural factors should also be put into consideration. Regardless of the culture that one comes from, it is globally common that the effects of capitalism are similar all over the world. The legal property empowers individuals in any culture.
Bill Gates is one of the greatest entrepreneurs. His great success has been achievable because of several reasons that promoted success and development. His success was fueled by the property rights system and a well integrated social contract. The investment and long term goals were not an easy task. The insurance system gave him security. The well managed record of property enabled him to accumulate wealth gradually and have a huge amount of capital.
The government should look out not to leave out the poor. They need to be integrated into the system of formal ownership. The planners should have in mind that the poor are potential people, who with the right environment can be very productive and develop their country.
The implementation of legal system that allows ownership of property will enable them come together and contribute to a common capital that will take them further than individual savings. It simply reduces the time taken to accomplish great tasks and achievements.
Many law breakers do so with genuine reasons. They break the law to find their freedom. The level of poverty in a country should determine the solution strategy that a government chooses to take. This is because the poor are actually the solution to the problems encountered in every society. They have dead human capital that should be utilized. This is in form of the amount of work they are capable of doing, the assets they have in form of land and even the potential in their minds.
When people have a system that is consistent and well maintained documents they get motivated. They are able to invest and put all their efforts without fear of losing. They get assured that their labor will be paid. They become satisfied by recognition by the institution they are working for.
Conclusion
Capitalism is not taken seriously by those who should be doing their best to implement it. Instead the ones in the greatest need deny themselves. Instead of opposition, they should cross over and support capitalism. It is a tool that if used effectively can reap great rewards. The big challenge in third world is how the local market system can transformed so that it expands. Their focus should be to improve the lives of the poor, promote freedom, compassion, and social contract and create equal opportunities for all. It requires those in third world to use their minds so as to liberate them and promote development. The developed nations should also work to maintain what they have and also do more for they still have a room to improve.
The past five years have been terrible for the communists Third World countries owing to hard-hit poverty, deteriorating economies, tumbling incomes, bitterness, and anxiety. In spite of their efforts to welcome foreign investors, improve trade within and with other neighboring nations, and preparing balanced budgets to prove that they can manage their economies without assistance from the capitalist West, they have met great disappointments.
The dominance of the West has grown since its victory in the Cold war and today, it controls most marketplaces to the disadvantage of most economies. Many nations are facing political and economic disasters at the watch of the American nation. For instance, the Americans, with their imperialistic power and for selfish reasons, watch Colombia in silence as it struggles with a civil war between drug traffickers and the militia and Asia as its economy is dwindling. In addition, it has withdrawn its support to most nations.
In the last ten years, the American economy has grown and gained dominance over other nations. It has achieved this by taking advantage of the precarious situations of the other nations to make a boost in terms of financial gains, stock, and bonds. In fact, there is a growing fear of recession among the rich economies should they fail to partner with the capitalist West. The West seems to be taking over everything throwing investors, businessmen, third World, and former communist nations into confusion and desperation.
There seems to be no escape from the west and its influence. Most disgruntled nations are reacting sharply to these turn of events and assuming the methods laid to them by the capitalists of seeking investors, ignoring riots of suffering, and disgruntled public, and stabilizing their currencies.
It is important to note that the capitalist system is not a remedy. The idea of forcing the world to adopt that system or suffer is in itself irrelevant. This method was tried in Spain more than three times in the 1820s and each time it failed. Many nations today fall back to market economic policies because capitalist ideas fail. However, the capitalists blame the failure of the Third World and former communists’ countries in adopting its system to low IQs and lack of entrepreneurial skills among others.
This is not true. Other nations teem with entrepreneurs and people who have made advancements in the use of technology. In addition, they possess astonishing abilities, enthusiasm, and great talent. Why then would the Americans struggle to keep the technology of modern weapons from these countries? Why is capitalism so selfish it does not give other nations the same things it’s giving the West?
Capitalism is thriving in the world above every other market economy because of its ability to produce capital. Most Third World and former communist countries are struggling with raising capital. It is capital that raises the productivity of labor in a nation. Also, it creates wealth for a nation and this is perhaps why capitalists are progressing while the other nations, however much they struggle to work hard and even do activities the capitalists are doing, still fail. Lack of capital is a hindrance to their success.
However, it is important to note that researchers have found out that these poor nations are able to raise money from savings and that they have enough assets in terms of resources. The only problem is their resources lack a representational process like that of the capitalists. Therefore without representation whatever they have and would have used as capital is considered as dead capital. Unable to get representation, most Third World and communist countries have emulated capitalist inventions to raise capital and start their own domestic capitalism.
The mystery of missing information
Most developing countries especially in the Third World and ex-communist states have a majority of poor people. However, this does not imply that they don’t have possessions. They have many possessions but lack representations. Whatever they own can be termed as dead capital. They cannot use whatever they possess for reasons of securing interest from the third party. Initially, after Britain had left America, immigrants filled the lands that were left, built houses, and started businesses.
The life of possessing assets without representation represents the Third World today. Over the years the disruption that has come with the revolution in the Third World and ex-communist countries has seen growth in populations and rural-urban migrations in search of land and material possession. Buildings have been constructed anyhow and without proper plan posing a sanitation problem.
It is important to note that in the Third World countries, a bigger percentage of the property people own is not legalized. This problem is because legalization requirements and procedures are tight. Also, the qualifications required for an individual to own property or run a business may be too high. During research in Lima, it was observed that to register for a garment workshop took an individual six hours every day at the registration office and 289 days to complete the workshop registration process.
To make it worse, the cost of legal registration compared to the monthly salary of an individual was thirty-one times higher. In other places like the Philippines, to legally own property such as land, it would take a period between 13 to 25 years. These and many other legal requirements and long procedures make individuals not have representation in whatever they own hence having a dead capital. These prompt individuals to become extralegal. They operate outside official law devising ways of getting employed, living, mobilizing, and protecting their assets.
By devising their own set of rules to fit their situations, they end up forming a very vibrant sector. However, this sector remains undercapitalized. This undercapitalized sector will run without representation as it is with many sectors in the Third World countries. This becomes the reason for poverty and the inability of capital to match the Western world. Undercapitalized sectors have sprung everywhere in the Third World Countries doing all kinds of businesses.
Ingenuity is seen in the manufacture of products from these sectors ranging from footwear to clothing, machinery, and cars originally made by the capitalists. In fact, it is the poor who have taken control over production and real estate management through extralegal ways. Moreover, the economies of the Third World and former communist countries are emerging and becoming stronger founded on illegal companies and garbage collectors.
To determine the amount of dead capital found in the Third World and ex-communist countries from their extralegal activities, research was carried out especially on the value of their buildings. The findings were among others that some owners of buildings acquired land illegally and constructed buildings, leased or rented to other people. This indicates that in these nations, it is difficult to know who owns what and where. Dead capital is everywhere and with almost every poor person.
For instance, in Haiti, over 80 percent of the whole population is living in houses that don’t have a legal title deed. However, even with all these issues surrounding the Third World countries, the brighter side is the fact that they are making vast wealth with their extralegal activities. This wealth forms an asset that can be turned into capital.
The mystery of Capital
The dead capital in the Third World countries only serves their domestic purposes. That capital does not serve its main purpose of raising the economies of these nations. The problem with the communist nation is that they forget to make better use of the dead capital instead they use it to solving immediate problems. It is important to note that undercapitalization is so widespread to about 80 percent of the whole world.
Generally, capital forms the main part of a county’s economy. The market economy is powered by the engine of capitalism. In some nations, specialization and division of labor become the source of growth of their economies. They increase their productivity and hence increase their wealth. Specialization requires capital.
It is this capital and in this case, the accumulated resources, that entrepreneurs use to support specialization. A nation can grow from depending on agriculture and other small commercial institutions to be an economic superpower when it understands the mystery found in the capital. In addition, Capital holds a potential that can be used to yield energy. However, it is important to note that the potential is abstract. It must be converted and fixed to make it useful otherwise it remains an abstract concept. Capital is not money as many would think but money is what is required to fix capital.
The mystery is in not thinking of capital as money. Third World and ex-communist countries have a lot of money from their economies but they can not be able to generate capital. In fact, the assets they have are capital that is dormant. Dormant capital is like potential energy that requires fixing to initiate additional production. Therefore, mechanisms must be put in place to activate it to produce energy. These formal property systems are important in determining the legality of ownership of an asset and trading it inside or outside the physical world. In addition, it saves a nation from going through long procedures as it would be the case of no representation.
Most poor nations have the vast potential of capital but lack property mechanisms to fix it so as to produce greater value and expand the market. In comparison, the West has formally fixed all their assets which include chattels, houses, and every piece of land available. Also, every new product, building, and even commercially valuable commodity is a formal property owned by someone. Therefore, to unlock the potential lying in the capital, a formal property mechanism must be put in place.
Additionally, Third World and former communist countries must adopt this system in order to boost their economies. It may be difficult to go through the legal procedures and apply formal property mechanisms in all properties a nation and its individuals own. However, a number of ways that the West has used to achieve this can be used by the poor nations. These include ensuring that the economic potential of assets is fixed, putting into one system all dispersed information, ensuring that there is accountability, and ensuring that assets are fungible. Other methods would include networking people and protecting transactions.
The mystery of political awareness
The state of many poor countries results in people migrating from one place or city to another in search of work. People flock into the cities and involve themselves in extralegal activities. Others flee their nations and isolated societies to meet their needs and raise their living standards. Overwhelmed governments demolish shanties made by the poor people or simply construct structures like pavements, stalls, and schools for them.
The governments have come up with their own political programs to cope with these issues. This revolution is similar to the one experienced two centuries ago by the West only that this one in the present is growing rapidly and its impact is great in the lives of people. Many governments have failed to keep up with the astonishing speed of social upheavals and extralegal activities that are replacing the established laws.
Additionally, migrants who move from non-West nations into the developed nations find numerous opportunities to develop themselves. These developed nations have advanced and well-developed institutions. These institutions offer immigrants jobs and opportunities to get an education. It is important to note that these individuals get absorbed into a networked property system. These systems improve their living standards as well as enabling them to produce surplus value.
This is the opposite of what happens when migrants migrate into their own countries. Their countries lack proper systems of fixing their assets into fungible forms and integrating them into formal sectors. In addition, they lack responsible agents who will provide them with devices and connect them to sources that will make them become productive. In case this has not happened, the migrants devise and invent extralegal plans and arrangements that replace the existing laws. They carry out their activities with an intention to survive and be incorporated in the expanding market.
Established laws in a country give entrepreneurship an opportunity to triumph. For instance, The West integrated everyone into one system of property under the law. This made entrepreneurship to succeed as it gave room for individuals and businesses to produce a large amount of surplus and to expand the market. Governments in the Third World countries should integrate legal property systems that will create a larger network necessary to create an increase in capital. This network system takes the idea of property ownership from an individual perspective and opens it to a larger network of imaginations.
Moreover, without an integrated formal property system, most governments and market economies become underproductive. The problem with the markets of the Third World and ex-communist countries is the unavailability of standard norms. In those markets, the governments there cannot rule by the law and the agents cannot interact. The replacement of the existing legal law by the extralegal sector by the poor is a shift from small scale organization to one with a bigger context.
The national leaders display political blindness because they are unaware that these extralegal groups are spontaneously organizing themselves and growing rapidly. The entire issue is seen as a massive influx which poses a great threat to health, employment, and security. In addition, the leaders are unaware that it’s only when they will intervene and come up with one legal property system to replace the outmoded system they are using so that these extralegal activities stop.
Another area of political blindness is the fact that only a few people know that the problems they are facing are not new. Issues like extralegal activities and migration that are affecting most cities today happened during the industrial revolution in the West.
The non-West methods of alleviating the problems through stopgap measures and piecemeal solutions cannot work. These methods were tested by the advanced nations of the west and they failed. The answer to this problem can only be found when governments reform the laws. In addition, to facilitate the division of labor, the government needs to establish its law on the property system. This way, living standards, and productivity will rise. Also, people will be able to specialize and get opportunities in widening markets as well as increase capital formation.
Moreover, there are other problems that non-Western countries are facing. These include rural-urban migration that causes population increase and pile-ups in the cities, poor infrastructure, and many more. However, these are far from the fundamental problem affecting them which is that they have a revolutionary movement that has more problems. The potential value of this revolutionary movement has not been harnessed. It is until this will be done that the problem will be resolved. They need to view the whole issue affecting these people in totality, know the real cause of the disorder, and come up with a strategy that will resolve the problem.
Finally, there is a great need for the Third World and former communist nations to pull their resources together, organize their assets, and put in place legal measures to ensure the representation of these assets. Additionally, these nations should come up with new ideas that will create of productivity in various economic sectors of their nations. The population in these should be provided with basic requirements, infrastructural amenities as well as employment opportunities. This put together will enhance the living standards of these nations and open room for them in the widening market.
The idea of development for the poor third-world countries promoted by the wealthy population of the western world has experienced serious critique from researchers, who explore the issues of racial and social discrimination.
The foundation of this critique is the disillusionment regarding the effectiveness of the development programs offered to the third world countries in earlier periods. The three articles observe three current undertakings in the poorest countries of the third world – fair-trade coffee, Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs, and land grabs. All these undertakings aim to be compatible with the ethical vision developed by western human rights activists, but they fail to some degree. The following paper aims to respond to the value of the class readings and discuss the new insights gained from them.
Main body
First, the common feature of the three articles is their address to the theme of development, and its shortcomings over the past few decades, in particular. These class readings evaluate the three current international development undertakings including fair-trade coffee, Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs, and land grabs in third-world countries. In her article, Deborah Sick speaks of fair-trade coffee as an alternative that will enable millions of small-scale farmers in Latin America to earn adequate incomes to provide for their households and cover their farming business expenses.
According to Sick (2008), “the export market remains essential, and in this volatile and competitive environment, FT offers hope for the survival of small-scale coffee producers” (p. 203). Next, the PES program is the focus of research in the article by Ibarra, Barreau, Campo, Camacho, and McCandless (2011). In this article, Ibarra et al. (2011) observe the problems of such a venture as paying the native inhabitants to make them end up with their usual farming and hunting practices in order to preserve the wildlife. The authors identify the key issues connected with racial discrimination as the major foundation of the current PES programs.
Thus, this venture appears to be another factor contributing to the disillusionment of current international development undertakings. Finally, Zoomers’ article makes an overview of such a burning problem as land grabs. Based on the negative outcomes for the local population, the author makes her conclusions regarding the inappropriateness of such an undertaking.
Further, all three readings attempt to critique the current approach to the theoretical and practical tenets of development. Particularly, Sick critiques the attempt to create better trading conditions for the local people within the frames of the fair-trade coffee market. She explains that economically disadvantaged people are not able to seize the new opportunities the free trade has created because of their disqualification and other unfavorable factors such as low effectiveness of traditional growing methods, the prohibitive costs of inspection, marketing, and certification, etc. Thus, the fair-trade coffee market appears a well-intentioned but ineffective arrangement because it does not adequately address the circumstances of local farmers.
In their discussion of the PES program in Mexico, Ibarra et al. (2011) has addressed the main theoretical problems underlining the development of the Oaxaca region. The researchers argue that the program did not manage to adequately tackle the issues of racial discrimination initially put into the foundation of the earlier version of the PES program for the area. They explain that the new program still utilizes the racist approach by limiting the area of hunting and cultivating crops for the native citizens.
In addition, it fails to provide sufficient financial compensation for buying processed food instead of utilizing traditional practices for food provision. Moreover, the new approach to nutrition has already led to the social health decline. According to Ibarra et al. (2011), “continued strict preservation measures under the guise of community conservation could lead to losses of agrobiodiversity, dietary diversity, hunting skills and associated environmental knowledge” (p. 318).
In Zoomers’ article, the critique concerns the problem of the economically-disadvantaged people’s marginalization connected with a land grab. The author argues that the implementation of Codes of Conduct within the frames of administrative approach is a poor effort to minimize the negative impact of land grabbing on the local inhabitants. According to Zoomers (2010), the only solution to the problem is systemic change in the neoliberal economic model.
The author concludes with the statement that free trade market is not an option for every nation since the economically-disadvantaged countries are not able to handle the complex bafflements they face in free trade zones. To support this conclusion, Zoomers provides an illustration with the creation of tourist resorts in third-world countries with an objective to provide employment to the local people and exploit the new markets in food and other supplies. The author explains that few to no people benefit from such an arrangement since the local inhabitants are not in a position to seize the job or trading opportunity due to their unpreparedness.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the class readings offer a thought-provoking argument regarding the shortcomings of the current international development ventures including fair-trade coffee, Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs, and land grabs. The fair critique the authors present in their articles proves that current economic models badly need systemic change to stop the marginalization of the poor.
References
Ibarra, J. T., Barreau, A., Campo, C. D., Camacho, C. I., Martin, G. J., & McCandless, S. R. (2011). When formal and market-based conservation mechanisms disrupt food sovereignty: Impacts of community conservation and payments for environmental services on an indigenous community of Oaxaca, Mexico. International Forestry Review, 13(3), 318-337.
Sick, D. (2008). Coffee, farming families, and fair trade in Costa Rica: New markets, same old problems? Latin American Research Review, 43(3), 193-208.
Zoomers, A. (2010). Globalization and the foreignisation of space: Seven processes driving the current global land grab. Journal of Peasant Studies, 37(2), 429-447.
The third world countries recently have problems with health care services specifically in expensive medications. Since it has been a problem, there are lots herbal medications sold as an alternative drug for their illnesses.
The primary purpose of this proposal is to enhance the used of herbal medications in which it greatly affects the third world countries’ economy nowadays. This proposal will be a great help for those patients who has lesser income rate and also to those small herbal medicine business to enhance their net income.
Objectives
To identify the health care problems specifically in expensive medications, in a sample of person who have been in the third world countries.
To identify the costs related to use of traditional and herbal medications.
To identify the net increased in small business of traditional and herbal medicines.
To identify the traditional and herbal medicines that enhances the small business in third world countries.
Research Methodology
This proposal will use a descriptive type of survey to distinguish the net increase in small businesses in third world countries through the traditional and herbal medicines. Variety of methods such mail surveys, phone interviews configurations for those whom it is not possible to reach those patients in third world countries who have been using herbal medications. Research assistants for collecting data will be reinforce form the following countries such as Philippines, India, Africa. The primary researchers will inspect the research process, data encoding, development of data base, conduct data analysis, and be accountable for the final output of the proposal.
Diagram 1.1. The diagram shows the relationship between the independent and dependent variables in this proposal.
Analysis Plan
A sample of 100 owners of small traditional and herbal medicine business which will be recruited from various third world countries, all kinds of herbal medications, and all types of illnesses cured by these alternatives will be included. Accessories should be able to understand and speak English enough to answer questionnaires and phone interviews. Survey data gathered will be saved automatically development data base.
Nature of final report
The final report will determine the net increased of the small businesses through the use of traditional and herbal medications in third world countries (Philippines, India, Africa). The proposal will show the enhancements or increased in usage of these kinds of alternatives. Therefore, these kind of small but fascinating kind of business will help the less income patients in third world countries to treat their illnesses as well as it will help enhance their net status in economic world.
Budget and Schedule
In the first 3 months of this study, 100 patients in third world countries will be contacted and asked via phone interviews and mail surveys in this study by letting our researchers to either call specific patient, or by posting information concerning this study where the subjects can apprehend from the study and call for more information. Community groups for patients using traditional and herbal medications will also be contacted, and inquire to help the researchers in locating appropriate subjects for this study. Research subjects will receive a gift basket of self-care items in appreciation of their time and effort spent on this project. Data collection is estimated to take one year. Data analysis and the study report will be submitted after the project will be done. Data will be treated as private and only the research data group will occur.
The documentary “Preventable Health Issues in Third World Countries” by Thomas (2012) outlines preventable diseases affecting many people in Third World. It also lists the drivers of this problem and suggests a possible solution. According to the documentary, people in Third World suffer from maternal death, HIV/AIDS, diarrhea, measles, polio, yellow fever, leprosy, malnutrition, tuberculosis, and malaria, all of which can be prevented thanks to modern medical advances. About 17 million people die from preventable diseases annually, with 8 million of them being children aged five and younger. The documentary also reveals the poor conditions of the healthcare systems in the Third World, where people have to ride a horse or walk on foot to reach the doctor. Finally, it tackles the issue of harmful religious practices, such as female circumcision, which often result in complications.
All the medical conditions mentioned in the documentary are treatable and avoidable. Yet, Third World countries still have high rates of people suffering or dying from these preventable health issues. The first reason why this problem persists is the many obstacles pharmaceutical companies face when trying to get their drugs approved for use in these countries. Second, Third World lacks qualified medical staff and developed transportation infrastructure. Further, one cannot just ban harmful religious practices because there is a need to respect other people’s beliefs. Finally, there is a lack of services and finances for helping Third World countries because nations having the necessary resources also struggle with healthcare issues, so they allocate money to their own healthcare systems.
In the end, the documentary argues that if every person donated only $20, it would be enough to vaccinate people in Third World countries against preventable illnesses. Thus, the documentary’s main point is that joint efforts of the whole global community are necessary to reduce the mortality rate from preventable diseases. One question that can be raised regarding this point is as follows: since all joint efforts require organizers and coordinators to guide these endeavors in the right direction, who will assume this role to unite the world in an effort to help Third World cope with preventable diseases? Furthermore, developed countries also struggle with health issues, so how many of their resources should they allocate to Third World to be able to maintain their own healthcare systems? Finally, there are powerful people and organizations possessing a great portion of the available resources. Their understanding of the problem of the Third World is necessary because they can make valuable contributions to addressing health issues in these countries.
One of the most notable forums for education funding in third world countries is the World Education Forum, which was held in Dakar. The meeting led to development of a framework for the achievement of education for all. It outlined the roles that civil society, international donors and national donors would play in the achievements of this objective (DFID, 2008).
Additionally, a call to action for the Millennium Development Goals in 2007 reinforced education funding from multilateral partners. Therefore, education funding in poor countries occurs through a myriad of donor avenues.
One of these routes is the UN fund as administered through UNESCO. Furthermore, several non governmental organizations also participate in the provision of these resources and they may have divergent objectives.
Prior to allocation of resources to third world nations, donors often analyze the political will of the concerned government and its ability to commit to the funds. Additionally, they assess them on the basis of their level of transparency or the education policies that exist.
These recipient governments need to cooperate with members of civil society in education matters, as well. However, not all donor organizations follow such rigorous procedures. Some of them may choose to donate funds to a country that lacks these qualities, but may invest in capacity-building among those nations (UNESCO, 2006).
Non governmental support for education in third world countries may come in the form of debt relief schemes, budget support (general or sector), pooled funds, or through specific projects. These projects may be carried out through recipient governments or through parallel systems. Sector wide support aims to create a budgetary framework for education.
General budget support systems mostly focus on development and implementation pro-poor reforms, of which education is part. Sector budget support caters to progressive sectors in governments, while pooled funds deal with programs or budget lines intended on tackling such problems. In addition, specific projects cater to the civil society and private sector education programs.
These projects may take the form of bursary support or grants given to specific students in target countries. Additionally, some private schools may have difficulties in running their programs, so these NGOs can either subsidize their activities or assist in development of subsidies. Others may offer grants for schools in general.
In certain circumstances, non governmental or UN support for education has led to an increase in the level of funds dedicated to education in the recipient countries. It has also increased the number of children that access education. Therefore, education quality and accessibility have improved out of these efforts. Some poor countries have become more accountable because of UN requirements for transparency.
They have heightened their capacities for management of finances for education. These governments have also started dialoging with members of the private sector. On the flipside, analysts argue that financial aid from non governmental organizations or the UN leads to unsustainable development, as most receiving governments rarely think about scaling up their education strategies.
Underdeveloped nations may gain from aid for education in one year and loose it in the next year. Consequently, beneficiaries of educational policies may suffer. Since most funding organizations tend to focus on basic issues in education, a number of them may forget about other important sectors of education.
For instance many NGOs dwell on funding primary-education stakeholders in third world countries, yet a number of these beneficiaries will not have finances to go through secondary education.
Therefore, inequality persists in certain levels of education. Poor judgment on the part of NGOs leads to inefficient use of the aid and a dependency syndrome. In certain situations, little or no positive outcomes are reported after continual engagement with NGOs or the UN thus causing wastage of funds (GPE, 2012).
Countries and NGOs may fail to reach tangible outcomes when implementing donor programs for education because of a number of reasons. Sometimes the receiving country may allocate resources inefficiently. As mentioned earlier, many governments focus on primary education and leave out secondary education.
In addition to the above, some of the partnering institutions do not manage their recurrent expenditure efficiently. When NGOs fail to analyze an institution’s ability to do this, then they set themselves up for failure. Alternatively, they may find that budget management is a problem but may opt not to do anything about it.
One solution is teaching and monitoring those institutions’ cost containment efforts. Inefficient management of the flow of children in these programs may also be a problem. Sometimes repetition rates may be too high or examination policies unfavorable.
Certain learning institutions may not deploy teachers effectively, and this may lead to underperformance. Donor programs may sometimes fail to cost share or even recover costs during implementation of the scheme.
The ineffectiveness of donor funding for education in third world countries may also stem from failures on the part of the donors. For instance, if funding agencies do not align their objectives with priorities among national governments, then failure is bound to occur.
Issues of harmonization of donor efforts may also undermine outcomes. For example, a country may be receiving aid from over 30 NGOs, but those groups may not belong to any global organization.
Furthermore, they may not share information between one another, and this could lead to overlaps, and piecemeal outcomes. Donor organizations may sometimes fail to consider the number of parties that are already working in a certain country.
As a result, some nations may be overfunded while others might be underfunded. It is necessary to review the multiplicity of donor missions and commitment before plunging into such a program (Lewin, 2008).
Occasionally, failure of NGOs to achieve sustainable outcomes in education may stem from challenges on both sides of the divide; that is, the third world country as well as the donor nation. In certain circumstances, an NGO’s support may do more harm than good for a country’s education system.
When aid leads to high transaction costs, then it is not worthwhile to pursue it. Third world countries need to have the audacity to reject assistance from certain aid agencies if this effect will arise.
When a country possesses several donating organizations, then it may need to coordinate its donor procedures. If multiple languages are involved and the receiving country has to deal with many projects, then the transaction costs may offset the benefits of the initiatives.
It is recommended that the UN, along with other NGOs, harmonize their efforts through donor-to-donor and donor-to-receiving country alignment. Governments should take ownership of development programs by planning and designing them.
These third world countries should create plans for tracking success. Additionally, both NGOs and aid recipients should create principles for mutual accountability, which will lead to better outcomes.
References
DFID (2008). Core script one education for all: Cross-whitehall narrative. London: Department for International Development.