Richard M. Nixon was the 37th president of the United States of America, succeeding Lyndon B. Johnson. He took into power after being elected in 1969. At the time of his ascension on power, the United States was sharply and painfully divided over the countrys participation and involvement in the Vietnam War. His administrations first objective was to reconcile the country over the issue of the Vietnam War. During his tenure, Nixon was obliged to end American fighting in Vietnam which succeeded, as well as establishing good relations with the U.S.S.R, which had dwindled during the previous regimes, which he successfully improved. The major drawback during his term in office was the Watergate scandal led to fresh divisions in the country consequently leading to his resignation in august 9, 1974(About the WhiteHouse n.d).
Accomplishments of Nixon Administration
Nixon administration was characterized by several accomplishments and achievements since his occupancy of the office of the president. One of the most highly praised accomplishments was the stability and peace he brought to the world. In 1972, Nixon visited China and USSR, where he held summit meetings with leaders of the two countries which resulted to production of a treaty aimed at limiting strategic nuclear weapons. This visit loosened tension between America and the two countries. Nixon ended American involvement in the Vietnam War in January, 1973, when declared an accord with the communist North Vietnam which in turn brought the reunion of the north and the South Vietnamese governments, ending the war in Vietnam. In 1974, his administration, through the secretary of the state led the negotiation saw new agreements between Israel and its rivals, Syria and Egypt (About the WhiteHouse, n.d).
Environmentalism was a mass movement during Nixons era, when Earth Day was celebrated. This sensitized the public apprehension for the environment. On the observation of the Earth Day on April 22, 1970, over 20 million Americans participated in planting trees. In the same year, the congress created the Environmental protection Agency which passed the clean water and Air Acts. In1973, an enactment was passed to protect endangered species of wildlife (Endangered Species Act). Nixons administration had an impressive impact on women employment in the country. During his tenure, the number of working women increased by 42 percent. There was a great increase in women participation in professional work, and in the fields which were traditionally considered for men, in the 1970s. Another achievement was the pass of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) in March, 1970. It addressed the issue of prohibiting sex discrimination among the Americans. The Supreme Court in the same year ruled out that it was illegal to discriminate the minority in employment demanded compensation of discrimination victims by their employers. In 1970s the women liberation movements were strengthening as they got full support from the government. Nixon administration also saw NASA land the first astronaut on the moon (America in ferment, 2009).
Failures of Nixon administration
During the Native American Power Movements of the 1970s, the Native Americans, black Americans, women and Indians were in much poverty with unemployment rate skyrocketing to 10 times the national average for these groups. 40 percent of these groups were living under poverty line (America in ferment, 2009).
Another significant failure of this administration was the misuse CIA and FBI. His administration used the two bodies the speculation and monitoring of his political opponents and rivals. During his tenure, America was characterized by high criminal activities, frauds and a lot of cheating by the government. A historian was quoted referring to Nixon as the first dangerous and wicked president of US (America in ferment, 2009).
Conclusion
Richard Nixon was among the most successful governments in the history of the United States of America. It brought very many positive changes to the Americans and the rest of the world including peace, stability and democracy, even though it had several setbacks like frauds and high rates of unemployment especially among the minority.
Richard M. Nixon was the 37th president of the United States of America, succeeding Lyndon B. Johnson. He took into power after being elected in 1969. At the time of his ascension on power, the United States was sharply and painfully divided over the country’s participation and involvement in the Vietnam War. His administration’s first objective was to reconcile the country over the issue of the Vietnam War. During his tenure, Nixon was obliged to end American fighting in Vietnam which succeeded, as well as establishing good relations with the U.S.S.R, which had dwindled during the previous regimes, which he successfully improved. The major drawback during his term in office was the Watergate scandal led to fresh divisions in the country consequently leading to his resignation in august 9, 1974(About the WhiteHouse n.d).
Accomplishments of Nixon Administration
Nixon administration was characterized by several accomplishments and achievements since his occupancy of the office of the president. One of the most highly praised accomplishments was the stability and peace he brought to the world. In 1972, Nixon visited China and USSR, where he held summit meetings with leaders of the two countries which resulted to production of a treaty aimed at limiting strategic nuclear weapons. This visit loosened tension between America and the two countries. Nixon ended American involvement in the Vietnam War in January, 1973, when declared an accord with the communist North Vietnam which in turn brought the reunion of the north and the South Vietnamese governments, ending the war in Vietnam. In 1974, his administration, through the secretary of the state led the negotiation saw new agreements between Israel and its rivals, Syria and Egypt (About the WhiteHouse, n.d).
Environmentalism was a mass movement during Nixon’s era, when ‘Earth Day’ was celebrated. This sensitized the public apprehension for the environment. On the observation of the ‘Earth Day’ on April 22, 1970, over 20 million Americans participated in planting trees. In the same year, the congress created the Environmental protection Agency which passed the clean water and Air Acts. In1973, an enactment was passed to protect endangered species of wildlife (Endangered Species Act). Nixon’s administration had an impressive impact on women employment in the country. During his tenure, the number of working women increased by 42 percent. There was a great increase in women participation in professional work, and in the fields which were traditionally considered for men, in the 1970’s. Another achievement was the pass of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) in March, 1970. It addressed the issue of prohibiting sex discrimination among the Americans. The Supreme Court in the same year ruled out that it was illegal to discriminate the minority in employment demanded compensation of discrimination victims by their employers. In 1970’s the women liberation movements were strengthening as they got full support from the government. Nixon administration also saw NASA land the first astronaut on the moon (America in ferment, 2009).
Failures of Nixon administration
During the Native American Power Movements of the 1970’s, the Native Americans, black Americans, women and Indians were in much poverty with unemployment rate skyrocketing to 10 times the national average for these groups. 40 percent of these groups were living under poverty line (America in ferment, 2009).
Another significant failure of this administration was the misuse CIA and FBI. His administration used the two bodies the speculation and monitoring of his political opponents and rivals. During his tenure, America was characterized by high criminal activities, frauds and a lot of cheating by the government. A historian was quoted referring to Nixon as the first dangerous and wicked president of US (America in ferment, 2009).
Conclusion
Richard Nixon was among the most successful governments in the history of the United States of America. It brought very many positive changes to the Americans and the rest of the world including peace, stability and democracy, even though it had several setbacks like frauds and high rates of unemployment especially among the minority.
The essay uses ethos, pathos, and logos to examine and compare two pieces published on Fox News and CNN regarding the Biden administration’s plan. Adam Shaw prepared the Fox News piece, while Alvarez, Collins, Liptak, and Goodman wrote the CNN piece. Both pieces are dated March 30, 2022, and they explore the political issue of Title 42 and Biden’s decision to abolish it. Based on the usage of the three rhetorical arguments, the choices were analyzed to indicate that the CNN story is more convincing and reliable. CNN gives more information on reporters than Fox News. In general, both pieces use emotional language and direct quotes in the text. The CNN article contains more facts and statistical data in terms of pathos.
Introduction
The essay analyzes and compares two articles published on Fox News and CNN about the Biden administration’s plan via ethos, pathos, and logos. The Fox News article was prepared by Adam Shaw, whereas the CNN article was written by Alvarez, Collins, Liptak, and Goodman. Both pieces were published on March 30, 2022; they discuss the political issue, namely Title 42 and the Biden’s decision to remove it. The selected were evaluated to demonstrate that the CNN article is more persuasive and reliable based on the use of the three rhetorical appeals.
Ethos
Essentially, ethos is focused on establishing the author’s legitimacy to comment on the issue. Grant (2019) states that ethos covers both the writer’s or speaker’s voice or manner and the character. The first article published in Fox News was written by Adam Shaw, Fox News Digital political correspondent who focuses on immigration (Fox News, n.d.). According to Watson (2022a), in February 2022, a study on the credibility of Fox News was conducted in the United States; twenty-one percent of respondents claimed Fox News was highly credible, while twenty-five percent indicated the reverse. Fox News was among the most controversial media sources regarding impressions of its trustworthiness rating and respondents’ political identification (Watson, 2022a). The opinions of readers matter when assessing the ethos of the articles.
The same survey was conducted to analyze the readers’ trust in CNN. According to the findings, twenty-three percent of responding people thought CNN was highly trustworthy, while twenty percent did not consider CNN as credible (Watson, 2022b). CNN is a significant news source in the United States; its material is devoured by hundreds of thousands of people every day, implying that the news channel needs to take responsibility (Watson, 2022b). The article from CNN was written by Priscilla Alvarez, Kaitlan Collins, Kevin Liptak, and Brenda Goodman. The authors have CNN pages with their bibliographical information and a list of articles, except Brenda Goodman. For instance, Priscilla Alvarez is a CNN correspondent who focuses on immigration politics and policy (CNN, n.d.). Additionally, she decided to work for CNN in January 2019. Alvarez was employed as a politics editor and writer at The Atlantic, where she documented the 2016 presidential election, the early years of Trump’s presidency, and U.S. immigration policy (CNN, n.d.). The CNN pages dedicated to reporters and correspondents include their photos and full biography.
Pathos
The articles can be compared based on pathos, or in other words, emotions. Grant (2019) suggests that the pathos of a message is concerned with the audience and, more precisely, which emotions should be elicited in this audience to motivate them to action. Moreover, pathos refers to the audience’s perceptions, interests, sentiments, age, and education. The Fox News article title is “Biden administration to end Title 42 border policy, despite fears of massive migrant surge: reports” (Shaw, 2022, para. 1). The reporter tried to capture readers’ attention via emotional aspect, focusing on the worries of a vast immigration inflow. In comparison, CNN’s article title is “Biden administration plans in May to end pandemic border restrictions blocking migrants, sources say” (Alvarez et al., 2022, para 1). The CNN reporters are specific and straightforward in conveying the key message in the title. The similarity between the headlines is that they mention that the articles rely on sources and reports, thus, intending to build trust between the channels and the target audiences.
Fox News included a Twitter post by Stephen Miller, the former Trump White House adviser. He wrote that repealing Title 42 would unleash a torrent of epic proportions (Shaw, 2022). The article significantly relies on various opinions of notable and influential people, such as Communications Director Kate Bedingfield, Border Patrol Chief Raul Ortiz, Arizona Democratic Senators Mark Kelly, and Kyrsten Sinem (Shaw, 2022). The article causes readers’ negative emotions toward the Biden administration’s intention to discontinue the use of the Title 42 public health order via such phrases: ‘the U.S. border crisis,’ ‘an influx of people,’ and ‘to throw caution to the wind.’ The reporter uses emotional language and includes direct quotes in the text.
The same patterns can be noticed in the CNN article; it has direct quotes and the use of emotional language. For example, Officials at the Department of Homeland Security are prepared for a worst-case scenario in which up to 18,000 individuals attempt to enter the border each day (Alvarez et al., 2022). According to one DHS official, the nature and extent of migration have fundamentally altered (Alvarez et al., 2022). The article emphasizes that Biden’s administration’s decision is crucial because the country is currently coping with an increasing influx, which the border patrol is attempting to mitigate as much as possible.
Logos
It is vital to analyze articles’ logos, precisely how they use facts, stories, or experts. The concept linked with the actual content of the written or spoken statement is known as logos (Grant, 2019). Fox News relied on the Wall Street Journal to demonstrate the Biden administration’s plan. Additionally, the article explains experts’ opinions through direct quotes. To present the data on migrant encounters, the reporter uses the Department of Homeland Security statistics. Shaw (2022) acknowledges that there were 164,973 migrant encounters in February. When compared to CNN, Fox News illustrated fewer statistics and facts. The CNN article is based on U.S. Customers and Border Protection data, The Department of Homeland Security, and federal law enforcement officials. Moreover, the information presented in the CNN article is more detailed than Fox News.
The content of the Fox News article includes a captivating title, followed by a short video, and concise written information. The brief history of the Title 42 is mentioned to educate readers. Shaw (2022) includes the opinions of influential people on the topic to persuade the audience. The screenshot of Stephen Miller’s Twitter post is placed in the middle of the article to capture attention. It is essential to mention that Fox News’ report is short and does not include as many details as CNN’s.
For instance, the CNN article illustrates more data, statistics, and links to the original sources. It analyzes the problem from both perspectives, namely U.S. citizens and migrants. Alvarez et al. (2022) state that intelligence assessments have revealed that migrants are in a “wait and see” mode, attempting to identify when they have the best chance of entering the United States. Thus, the reporters demonstrate the crucial information for migrants, such as migrants who are released in the United States may be enrolled in alternative jail programs for ongoing surveillance.
Conclusion
The CNN article is more persuasive and reliable than the Fox News article. CNN’s piece was created and evaluated by four different reporters and correspondents. Except for Brenda Goodman, the writers have CNN profiles with bibliographical information and a list of articles. Compared to Fox News, CNN provides more details about reporters. As a result, CNN makes greater use of ethos. In terms of pathos, the Fox News article’s headline is more emotive, enticing potential readers to follow the link. The CNN reporters are explicit and direct in expressing the title’s essential point. Both articles, in principle, employ emotive language and feature direct quotes in the text. The CNN piece has more facts and statistical data regarding pathos. In contrast, the Fox News article relies heavily on experts’ opinions mentioned in the text, including the Twitter post.