Peplau’s interpersonal relations theory is one of the most known in nursing practice and discusses the importance of communication between a nurse and a patient. During my clinical hours in Primary Care, I had a chance to see how it works in practice since it was my task to make the patient trust me enough to communicate his problems.
Striving to improve communication with my patient, I turned to Peplau’s theory to understand how I can better interact with the patient. Peplau states that interviewing skills are essential nursing tools and that nurses should show compassion and a desire to help others (Peplau 1997). Initially, the patient was reluctant to discuss with me his medical problem, that of frequent urination. It was the orientation phase, and my task here was to show that I was willing to help and listen if he felt like talking. Slowly, the patient began to have a sense of belonging and lose his earlier fears.
In the next phase, orientation, the patient became more confident and able to discuss the problem after I assured him of my complete discretion. He began to trust me; discussing the medical side of the issue made him feel more confident. Then, in the exploitation phase, the patient made full use of my services. We worked together on the problem and built up the therapeutic relationship needed to make swift progress. The patient relied on me, and I did my best not to let him down. Later the patient was discharged with significant improvement.
In the communication process, the patient and I formed a partnership to solve the medical problem and beneficial for both sides. The patient lost the feeling of hopelessness and became more self-confident; I was assured that I could successfully help others which gives me the greatest joy.
Reference
Peplau, H. E. (1997). Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations. Nursing science quarterly, 10(4), 162-167. Barner, C. (2012). Social media and communication. Sage.
Psychosocial theory in nursing focuses on patients’ well-being through maintaining their mental health stability. Some physical conditions like hypertension requires control for the blood pressure of a patient. The most effective way to do it is to manage their stress level and reaction to external events. This essay analysis how social support relates to Practice Improvement Project that applies the teach-back method to assist patients with hypertension understand the condition and maintain their blood pressure.
Patients should rely on social support whenever they feel that they need some help. It can be both in the form of a group or an individual support. According to Centrella-Nigro and Alexander (2017), teach-back method is a useful tool in the patents’ education. By this, nurses can explain to patients the importance of social support and the ways of how they can call it. Nurses can show that social support is not only asking for the help but also having a good conversation, sharing experience and discussing some issues.
With such approach, patients may significantly reduce their stress level and anxiety that will contribute to their successful manage of blood pressure. For example, Byrd et al. (2021) through analysis of 602 African American adults aged between 48 to 92 found that positive social support experience has a positive effect on blood pressure of the adults. As such, nurses should ensure patients that social support is not just a method of dealing with mental health issues but also an effective way of stabilizing blood pressure. Therefore, teach-back method applied by nurses should be done in a proper way to provide all the necessary information to the patients and convince them to rely on social support more than in ordinary life.
References
Byrd, D. A. R., Jiang, Y., Zilioli, S., Thorpe, R. J., Lichtenberg, P. A., & Whitfield, K. E. (2021). The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Blood Pressure in African Americans. Journals of Gerontology: Series A.
Centrella-Nigro, A. M., & Alexander, C. (2017). Using the teach-back method in patient education to improve patient satisfaction. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 48(1), 47-52.
Leininger’s nursing theory – founded by Madeleine M. Leininger in the 1960s – is a care standard that can be rightfully considered one of the most culturally competent ones in the modern world. Times, when the white man and their body were the main points of reference for nurses in designing the appropriate concepts of care, are long gone. Leininger recognized that it was not a reasonable approach as far back as the 1950s, which became the foundation for her theory’s development.
There is no arguing that care is the essence of nursing and, thus, must be culturally substantiated. That stands true in the 21st century especially, with the world becoming more and more culturally diverse with each passing year. McFarland (2021) notes that Leininger’s theory’s importance is in facilitating beneficial and meaningful patient outcomes – such that only care that is culture-specific able to provide, which I view as extremely important. Moreover, what is essential to me as well is that there is a major difference between those who abide by the theory and those who do not. A fascinating instance of that is provided by Kamariyah et al. (2021), whose study has shown that almost all respondents with poor development of the theory’s model had their health at least partially impaired. Whereas, when it comes to those who had a good theory development, a level of health was undisturbed for a majority of respondents (Kamariyah et al., 2021). That makes one think that Leininger’s theory knowledge and commitment to it is essential to one’s health and, subsequently, providing care for others.
Furthermore, if an establishment is to prioritize being well suited for any person in need – that is, to be of service to multicultural and multiethnic populations – they are to utilize Leininger’s approach. My goal as an advanced nurse is to work in such establishments only since, in my opinion, it is a nurse’s responsibility to recognize that care cannot be exclusionary. Quinn and McDonough (2019) cite Jackson Health System – based in Miami, Florida – as an example of a system that offers care to those asking for it. That must be the standard that any organization positioning itself as a high-class one should strive to implement.
McFarland, M. R. (2021). Madeleine M. Leininger: Theory of culture care diversity and universality. In M.R. Alligood, Nursing Theorists and Their Work E-Book (pp. 334 – 353). Elsevier.
Quinn, B. L., & McDonough, A. (2019). Nursing theory in hospital models of care. The American Journal of Nursing, 119(12), 11. Web.
First of all, it should be noted that in practice the most common situation is caring for and interacting with people of different cultural and social groups. This leads to the fact that Leininger’s theory finds a huge response in modern practice, since it takes into account almost all the features and uniqueness of such an interaction (Smith, 2019). The most striking manifestation in the profession is the interpretation of the role of the nurse as a transcultural and humanistic professional whose activity is aimed at serving all people. Indeed, regardless of the characteristics and affiliation of the patient, specialists are obliged to treat, discuss and take care of him, regardless of any criteria (McFarland & Wehbe-Alamah, 2018). Each patient is equal to the rest, and the nurse’s concern is only the health of the person, not his cultural or social uniqueness.
Addressing Diversity
Above, the implementation of Leininger’s theory in practice was analyzed, which, as a rule, is designed to work with diversity in the field of nursing. The fact is that diversity and inclusiveness implies interaction with an extremely wide range of patients. At the same time, each of them deserves the same high level of professional assistance and quality services (Smith, 2019). To do this, the specialist needs to ignore racial, cultural, gender and sexual differences between patients, and not single them out as negative or biased attitudes. At the same time, these aspects should be key in the context of showing understanding and respect (Larsen, 2021). In other words, the difference in people is the reason for building an individual approach to treatment and interaction, but not to criticism or priorities.
Diversity Concepts
As already indicated above, the most attractive and effective concept of diversity is the Leininger theory. The nurse needs to recognize the special wishes and requirements of the patient through communication with him and analysis of his behavior. For example, with confessional, national or cultural differences for an individual, certain interactions may be unacceptable (Larsen, 2021). On the contrary, in this way the specialist shows his interculturality and respect for human traditions, and creates the most favorable atmosphere for treatment.
The Role of Interprofessional Collaboration and Nurse Scientists
Nursing scientists and interprofessional collaborations are positive factors influencing the field of nursing. This is explained by the fact that scientists are developing new strategies and concepts for the implementation of professional activities. These aspects have an effective impact not only on the quality of services provided, but are aimed at facilitating the work of specialists (Larsen, 2021). Scientists aim to reduce the level of stress and discomfort in a professional environment in order to minimize the chances of emotional burnout and psychological disorders. Interdisciplinary activity has a second effect on the exchange of experience between different sciences and spheres of life (Larsen, 2021). For example, the integration of the principles of information management has made the nursing profession more effective and motivating for individuals. The integration of mathematics and statistics has made it possible to introduce new methods of finding ways to treat and monitor the patient’s health. Thus, both factors have a positive effect on the development of nursing.
Reflection
During the analysis, it was revealed that the field of nursing is an extremely versatile and complex area. In addition, it is influenced and pressured by other disciplines. It has been found that for the most effective interaction with patient diversity and ensuring inclusiveness, the Leininger theory is the most appropriate strategy. Finally, it should be noted that the Future of Nursing 2020-2030 recommendations need to be translated into reality, since this will significantly improve the quality of the sphere. First of all, the specialist must be given sufficient authority to study and change the social needs of society. This will lead to the prevention of some of the diseases and problems that the system is currently facing. In addition, the nurse student needs to research ineffective strategies and gaps in order to modernize them. This will lead to the collaboration of several theories in practice, which will make the field more diverse and comfortable.
References
Larsen, P. D. (2021). Lubkin’s chronic illness: Impact and intervention. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
McFarland, M. R. & Wehbe-Alamah, H. B. (2018). Leininger’s transcultural nursing: Concepts, theories, research & practice. McGraw-Hill Education.
Smith, M. C. (Ed.). (2019). Nursing theories and nursing practice. F. A. Davis Company.
The modern practice of nursing has become much more diversified and broader in its purposes than before. Given the current demand for more comprehensive approaches based on more fundamental sociopsychological theories, nurses must adapt and incorporate new methods into their practice. In addition to providing direct medical care and support related to the patient, the nurse must also consider the social and psychological factors that affect the patient’s condition, such as stress. The primary requirements for quality care are the proper communication between the nurse and the patient, understanding their needs, and the resulting specificity of the assistance. To provide such a treatment, Maslow’s classic model of needs, expressed in the pyramid of needs model, demonstrates its effectiveness (Stefan et al., 2020). Different patients have different levels of needs, whether they are purely physiological, like discomfort from a disease state, dissatisfaction with the food, or more social like the need for communication. With the ability to analyze and clearly understand the level of needs of the patient, the nurse can provide them with practical and productive treatment and support during hospitalization.
It is impossible to overestimate the importance of the experience and research of Florence Nightingale, who formulated the concepts of the environmental theory. The theory includes the nurse’s initiative to adjust ecological settings appropriate for the gradual recovery of the patient’s health (Gilbert, 2020). The theory also considers external factors associated with the patient’s environment and their influence on life or biological and physiological processes. Thus, all modern approaches that seek to improve the external environment and attitude towards the patient on the part of nurses originate in the work of Nightingale. Based on the above, I believe that environmental theory by Florence Nightingale has become the basis of what every nurse does, namely, trying to improve the condition and save the life of her patient. Thus, the environmental theory is still applicable today since it improves nursing by ensuring the patient’s comfort, arranging the environment, and improving his condition due to psychological and behavioral processes.
References
Gilbert, H. A. (2020). Florence Nightingale’s environmental theory and its influence on contemporary infection control. Collegian, 27(6), 626–633. Web.
Stefan, S. C., Popa, T. C., & Albu, C. F. (2020). Implications of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory on healthcare employees’ performance. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 59 E, 124–143. Web.
The nursing theory’s importance for scientific, educational, and practical activities is great. In this changing understanding of concepts, scientific research in nursing is developing, the purpose of which is an objective assessment of all the changes taking place and the choice of the path of development of nursing, depending on the objective conditions of human existence its environment. The complexity of this discipline is conditioned by its two-faceted nature, in which patient relations are combined with professional, scientific knowledge. Such a perception of nursing is embedded in the Science of Unitary Human Beings theory developed by Martha Rogers. This model views nursing as an intersection of science and art, integral with the universe itself (Malinski, 2018). More specifically, the work of a nurse includes obtaining the scientific knowledge and facts, applying them creatively to help actual human beings. Through the unity of these two dimensions, the complexity of nursing is revealed. This theory is important as it shows nurses the depth of their work, promoting their development in both dimensions identified by Rogers.
Despite the similarity of the situation in different countries, the manifestation of factors that change the healthcare system depends on specific conditions. It significantly affects the work and education of nurses. Each country’s response to these factors depends to a certain extent on the number of nurses and doctors about the total population—privatization and decentralization of healthcare – strategies to reduce costs and reduce waiting times. Many countries have two-tier healthcare systems: the public and private sectors. In Chile, it is believed that the quality of medical care provided in private clinics is better than in public hospitals. Nurses working in private clinics receive a large salary and have better working conditions (Mudd et al., 2020). Globalization promotes the migration of people within and between continents and stimulates the exchange of ideas, technologies, and the development of cultures. As a result, people began to consider health as one of the most important values, and the demands on the healthcare system have increased everywhere. This, in turn, should stimulate the improvement of the quality of medical services with the introduction of practices based on the principles of evidence-based medicine.
Reference
Malinski, V. (2018). The importance of a nursing theoretical framework for nursing practice: Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings and Barrett’s Theory of Knowing Participation in Change as exemplars. Revista Cultura del Cuidado, 15(2), 6-13.
Mudd, A., Feo, R., Conroy, T., & Kitson, A. (2020). Where and how does fundamental care fit within seminal nursing theories: A narrative review and synthesis of key nursing concepts. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(19-20), 3652-3666. Web.
Obviously, the most recent nursing issues are related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which revealed many existing problems in healthcare when they became too acute not to spot them. For me, the most evident case was nursing burnout, which was globally recognized as a prominent issue during the virus outbreak. Burnout is characterized by the experiences of extreme emotional fatigue, depersonalization, and the feeling that one’s professional competency is limited (Dall’Ora & Saville, 2021). In the context of COVID-19, nurses are observed to suffer from “low family and colleagues readiness to cope with COVID-19 outbreak, … decreased social support, the increased perceived threat of COVID-19” (Galanis et al., 2021, para. 5). Moreover, “longer working time in the quarantine area, working in the higher risk environment, working in hospitals with inadequate and insufficient materials and human resources, increased workload and lower level of training regarding COVID-19” also resulted in burnout (Galanis et al., 2021, para. 5). Hence, I decided that this situation represents inequality in the working conditions in healthcare and needs to be addressed.
To make a change in this situation, I decided to begin by connecting to the healthcare manager of my facility. This person seemed to be the most influential one in the means of resources and links for further changes. Above all, managers are employed in healthcare facilities to enhance the working conditions and balance the needs of the workers and the customers. So, I have prepared a talk about the experiences of my colleagues that are similar to the symptoms of burnout and researched the consequences of this situation to highlight the importance of the issue.
However, my prepared talk was somewhat problematic since it did not present any solutions for the problem. Indeed, it is the task of the manager to deal with such issues, but in the course of the discussion, I realized that some professional insight from nurses was necessary. As a result, I faced a communication barrier since I could not point out the importance of the situation. The manager explained to me that, for example, reducing the working hours of the nurses would result in reduced customer service, which could not be eliminated. Moreover, the facility cannot afford to hire more nurses without the salaries of the existing ones being cut. This talk made me think that nothing could be done about the situation.
However, the manager somewhat fulfilled my wish to change the situation, so the pleas did not fall on deaf ears. I was informed that the burnout situation was already regarded as an issue in my facility, and some actions would soon be taken. Namely, the manager told me that the facility was considering training of the leading personnel so that they would promote the importance of the nurses’ jobs and provide rewards to deal with burnout. So, my report showed them that changes should be done soon and that their program should be implemented. Therefore, I realized that my attempt to improve the situation was not vain.
However, the talk to the manager made me understand that my approach to injustice had to be improved. Namely, if I were to participate in such an action again, I would conduct better research before entering a conversation with an influential person. Moreover, I would plan some initiatives that my profession accesses me to promote so that to be ready to discuss different solutions for the problem.
Galanis, P., Vraka, I., Fragkou, D., Bilali, A., & Kaitelidou, D. (2021). Nurses’ burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. Web.
One of the distinct characteristics of the nursing craft is the professionals’ need to constantly adapt to the dynamic environment of health care service and approaches to patient care. In order to facilitate this process, researchers have identified a series of change theories that seek to systematize the experience of implementing new practices (Udod & Wagner, 2018). The two most widespread theories of change in the nursing practice are Lewin’s change theory and Roger’s five-step theory. In Lewin’s framework, the change process undergoes three major stages: unfreezing, change proper, and refreezing (Udod & Wagner, 2018). Thus, according to this framework, in order to introduce change, the team needs to acknowledge the existing workflow and “unfreeze” this system, actively participate in implementing change and new functional patterns, and, finally, make the change a new generally accepted standard.
Unlike Lewin’s approach, Roger’s model is more oriented towards the staff’s response and acceptance of the change through the gradual shifting process. Indeed, this five-step model implies exhaustive preliminary research, gathering staff’s feedback, conducting a pilot study, and actually implementing the change proposal (Udod & Wagner, 2018). Hence, it may be concluded that while Lewin’s model addresses mostly the implementation of the evidence-proven modifications, the five-step model is designed to prove the suggested change beneficial to the clinical environment.
When speaking of the change proposal for the capstone project, Roger’s approach to change implementation is more appropriate. Considering the fact that the project seeks to justify the hypothesis of the EBP training’s positive impact on nurses’ self-esteem and patient satisfaction, the data collected from the intervention will be crucial for further implementation of this change to nursing practice. This theory has also been proven advantageous by the preceptor, as she has successfully integrated changes into the staff’s scheduling patterns using Roger’s model.
Reference
Udod, S., & Wagner, J. (2018). Common change theories and application to different nursing situations. In Leadership and influencing change in nursing (ed. by J. Wagner, pp. 228-254). University of Regina Press.
Nursing theories play an essential role in the process of providing medical care. The definition of this phenomenon implies a basis for nursing practice and is necessary for patient care. Thus, these theories contribute to the improvement of patient outcomes. This is because they can assess the complexity and complexity of patient care and base all further interventions on the findings of the assessment (Brandão et al., 2019). Theories of network medicine can also provide these clinical specialists with a rationale for making decisions that may affect the process of providing services in healthcare.
To emphasize the fact that nursing theories provide fundamental and precious knowledge. They provide nurses with the opportunity to care for patients and, at the same time, guide their actions. A feature of the phenomenon under study is the existence of theories, regardless of the specialization of nursing. They aim to develop guidelines for specific nursing practices. Thus, it can be concluded that all the above factors prove that the theories of nurses contribute to the improvement of patient outcomes.
Despite the seeming insignificance, the postoperative stage plays one the critical roles in the treatment process. It is at this stage that any surgical interventions are healed. Proper care of the patient at this stage determines his further recovery. Moreover, good pain management helps speed up recovery and reduces the likelihood of complications. To improve pain management after orthopedic operations, it is necessary to accurately understand each case and build the right action plan (Carpenter et al., 2017). A wide range of medical, technical, and organizational capabilities are also used for these purposes. A critically valuable factor is the provision of standardized algorithms for analgesic therapy to facilitate the autonomous treatment of patients.
References
Brandão, M. A. G., Barros, A. L. B. L. D., Caniçali, C., Bispo, G. S., & Lopes, R. O. P. (2019). Nursing theories in the conceptual expansion of good practices in nursing. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 72, 577-581. Web.
Carpenter, J. J., Hines, S. H., & Lan, V. M. (2017). Guided imagery for pain management in postoperative orthopedic patients: an integrative literature review. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 35(4), 342-351. Web.
Jean Watson’s theory of human caring in nursing is a methodology of transpersonal caring developed concerning human nature. Jean Watson argues that “humans cannot be treated as objects and that humans cannot be separated from self, other, nature, and the larger workforce” (Gunawan et al., 2022). In her framework, the entire nursing is incorporated by pressing more on the interpersonal procedures that happen between the deliverer of health services and the patient on the other side. Therefore, it can be said that Watson’s theory is based on the centrality of human care and the transpersonal links between the person offering clinical care and the other receiving the same.
This paper is a critique of a research work that focuses its study on Jean Watson’s theory of human caring. The main article for critiquing is ‘Effects of nursing care based on Watson’s theory of human caring on anxiety, distress, and coping when infertility treatment fails: A randomized controlled trial’ by Ozan and Okumus (2017). The article was published in the Journal of Caring Sciences and conforms to the structure of a research paper in various ways. The paper used a randomized controlled trial study, and the results show that intervention and control groups may significantly differ regarding anxiety and coping rates. The article recommends using Watson’s theory in nursing patients with infertility issues as one way of lowering stress levels and increasing the coping style among infertile women.
Critiquing the Article Based on the Elements of the Study
The Article’s Main Study Areas
The work concerns infertility in Turkish women and the accompanying mental health issues that may come when treatment fails. The authors have provided a descriptive part of their study background by establishing data that 10-15% of couples in Turkey fight infertility (Ozan & Okumuş, 2017). The study further reveals that 9% of the married women fail to get a child, which translates to almost 1.5 million population in the study place. By introducing the concept of infertility in their paper, the audience is expected to understand the relationship between fertility, anxiety and distress. This paper credits Ozan and Okumus’ (2017) work since it has given the connection between infertility and the life crisis of mental unhealthiness that couples find themselves in their marriage. The solution of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is sought as an alternative. When it does not succeed, there is a high possibility that the affected groups will have anxiety, stress and fear-like feeling that need to be contained.
The authors have expressed their viewpoints on incorporating Jean Watson’s human care theory. The article puts that the purpose of theory in nursing infertile women is to move away from treatment-centeredness and focus on caring as the alternative to boost the welfare of the affected group. The paper has given an exemplary notation of the relationship between human and nursing paradigms in that the authors have argued there is a need to include transpersonal caring, which is integrated with caring occasions and caring-healing modalities (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). The article’s research factor is evident because of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the nursing programs that involve Jean Watson’s theory in managing distress among infertile women (Ozan & Okumuş, 2017). The paper focuses on Turkey, and women are the key group being studied which shows the authenticity of their research. Therefore, from the above metrics, the article has been presented in academic and professional prose.
Critique of the Type of Study and Design Used
The paper’s study type is experimental-based as it covers randomized group investigational research. The reason is that the author’s aimed at getting intervention for the anxiety and stress among infertile women in Turkey. The group was randomly selected, as the authors note in their abstract, where 86 infertile Turkish women were used. Among the participants, the study focused on bringing an intervention and controlling the group to ensure they can cope with anxiety and distress as they cope with infertility (Ozan & Okumuş, 2017). Thus, Ozan and Okumus’ researches on how nursing care grounded on Jean Watson’s theory can modify the psychological inconsistency for infertile females.
The experimental study can be justified by using a randomized controlled trial research design where women who took part in the study were blinded to the intervention or control group assignments. The article has given a broad description of the various metrics involved in the experiment by drawing randomization using various tests (Dang et al., 2021). Although the study may seem clinical trial, there is no mention of a medical setting that the researchers used. Hence, the study was experiment-based.
By looking keenly at the paper, the article has employed a scientific design that complements the randomized controlled trial. The reason is that authors have applied an inclusion criterion in terms of primary fertility, age factor, fluency with the Turkish language, and reproduction techniques. The study design was meant to be credible by excluding the patients with chronic illnesses, hence, showing a lower probability of getting wrong results from the design study (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). The work utilized NCSS-PASS software to determine the reliability range, which means they considered the randomization method key in randomized controlled trial study design.
Quality of Study and Rationale
In research, the quality of study is measured by the credibility, dependability and conformability with other research indicating the same results about the subject matter. The credibility of the authors’ research is seen through the use of materials and methods that can give sufficient results that can be useful to give a rationale for the study (Dang et al., 2021). For example, the article has based the design phases on the consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) (Ozan & Okumuş, 2017). In this case, the quality can be evident using the CONSORT diagram that elaborates on the participant flow throughout the study. Using figures in research is recommended since it adds to the audience’s conceptualization of the subject matter in that they can contemplate what they see rather than what they assume or hear.
The other quality measure is seen in how the research conforms to the scientific framework of Jean Watson’s theory of human care. The authors have established humanistic-altruistic values where sensitivity to oneself and others was highly captured (Ozan & Okumuş, 2017). The trustworthiness in the human care relationship was seen in the article alienation to the study population. This subject conforms to the scientific frameworks used to study a given societal problem. The author’s research is dependable since it includes clinical measures that are well-put to control anxiety and distress among the Turkish population of infertile women.
The reason is that for women who can follow the internal metrics, in theory, they will likely cope with infertility and curl any mental challenges that could be brought by the same. The study’s rationale is clearly seen by the author’s intent to provide an intervention for infertile women which focuses on reducing distress and anxiety levels, hence bringing well-being to society (Gunawan et al., 2022). The authors’ discussion also presents the rationale factor by presenting the relationship between anxiety and infertility based on other scholarly sources. The authors agree that there is a need for guided intervention to solve mental health issues brought about by infertility among women not only in Turkey but in other parts of the world.
Implications for Further Research
The study opened the eyes of the audience and probed the readers to explore more on the subject matter due to the research gap that may be evident in the current studies. The study implicates further research on why it is difficult for women to cope with mental health issues when faced with the reality of infertility (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). Additionally, researchers may want to explore more on why women have a high rate of distress and anxiety compared to men. These two aspects of research will address the gap left in human care by applying Jean Watson’s theory.
Conclusion
The paper has critiqued an article that employed Jean Watson’s theory in human care for infertile women who need to cope with stress and anxiety in Turkey. The authors have applied randomized-controlled trials to experiment with the participants based on the subject matter. Infertile women face challenges in coping with anxiety, and the application of human-centric care can assist them in combating mental health issues and lead to clinical wellbeing. The quality of study in the article is seen through the use of scientific methodologies and tools that help boost the research interventions regarding anxiety issues. The authors have used figures for conceptualization purposes. From the study, researchers may want to explore why it is hard for infertile women to cope with anxiety. Generally, the authors’ article shows a well-thought and considered research that can be useful in getting a solution for people who have experienced natural bodily problems.
References
Dang, D., Dearholt, S., Bissett, K., Ascenzi, J., & Whalen, M. (2021). Johns Hopkins evidence-based practice for nurses and healthcare professionals (4th ed.). Sigma Theta Tau International.
Melnyk, B., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2019). Evidence-based practice in nursing and healthcare (6th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.