Essay on ‘Like Water for Chocolate’ Metaphors

American attorney Michael Josephson once remarkably proclaimed, “Don’t let others define you. Don’t let the past confine you. Take charge of your life with confidence and determination and there are no limits on what you can do or be.” Everyone is pretentious, everyone is competitive, and everyone has intentions. We live in a society that is a dog-eat-dog world or also known as every man for themselves. Mr. Josephson suggested, that people should advocate for themselves as no one else will and that it can be tempting to please everyone and do what everyone wants but then we will only be fooling ourselves. In addition, I can conduct from this quote that “other people’s perception of us is none of your business” and “everything we have been through, rose through, cried though, everything is a set-up for the next best season” so we should not let other people label us as one would be giving the power to them to dictate where your path will lead. Along with the quote from Michael Josephson he indicated, rather than being reduced to a bystander, we must take charge of our life, we must do it our way, be who we are, do not become what others want us to be. Laura Esquival introduces the main themes of the novel in the first few chapters by utilizing characters, plot, and setting in Like Water for Chocolate. The award-winning magical realism, tragedy masterpiece novella authored by Ms. Esquival is an esteemed and universally translated coming-of-age piece, which explores a scheme of ideas including traditions, cultural recipes, and feminism.

There are many families that have at least one tradition, but some people feel it is unfair injustice, and there are some who want to break free from their tradition. Tradition, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is “an inherited, established, or customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior.” For example, a common tradition many people follow would be setting off fireworks on the Fourth of July. Like Water for Chocolate novel, demonstrates a family’s struggle with tradition, Tita displays a struggle with the traditional view of the family and the customs of marriage as she wants to marry Pedro (Esquival 11). Looking back one can assume that Mama Elena is hard on Tita to follow the family tradition where the youngest daughter is prohibited to get married and must take care of her mother until death; since she was not allowed to marry her true love Jose Trevino “Because he had Negro blood in his veins.” (Esquival 137) creating a butterfly effect. Looking at how Ms. De la Garza was not allowed to marry her true love because he is black is similar to the religion Islam where Muslim women are forbidden to marry a non-Muslim unless their companion converts to Muslim. Making text-to-world connections there are multiple other cultures that have certain marriage customs forced, like in India traditionally marriages are arranged between the families of the future spouses without even consulting their daughters. Additionally, the African Americans majority of them slavery were not allowed to get married, so they improvised and would jump over a broom to symbolize their marriage and to bless their marriage. Correspondingly, Chinese culture for married is where red and gold play a critical role, as it is linked to love, happiness, honor, wealth, fertility, success, and prosperity. Tita is entrapped in a situation of not being allowed to marry the man she loves and by whom she is loved because of the tradition her family follows to not permit the youngest daughter to marry” (Perez 3). It is the message about traditions that leads to the corruption of the family. In addition, with the De la Garzas tradition with the youngest having to take care of their mother until death, Ms. De la Garzas also demonstrates toxicity about children who disobey their parents “Mama Elena burned Gertrudis’ birth certificate and all her pictures and said she didn’t want to hear her name mentioned ever again.” (Esquival 59) this is an example common among cultures where kids who disobey their parents or go against what they say will be disowned like they never belong to the family in the first place. This is common to Caucasian ethnicity as elderly grandparents and parents have a race mindset and go against the idea of interracial relationships, as well as if they do not meet family expectations. Additionally, in the Indian culture, a plethora of them will disown their kids if they do not live up to their parent’s expectations, or disobey them, for instance, say the parents want their kids to be a doctor, but they choose to be a lawyer. Although we will never know the true reason for this family tradition, I can assume it is for children to show respect and compassion for their parents as the parents had for them growing up. Additionally, the novella displays a tradition of cooking as, for each holiday or celebration, a certain meal is cooked. The novel displays cooking as a tradition as relationships are forged and maintained through food. Cooking is important in Central and Southern America, large family meals are a symbol of unity, and they are commonly prepared on a communal basis by many different people at the same time. A common example of food being a tradition is on Thanksgiving, where each family member prepares a dish to be served, and most of the time it will be the same thing each year, like turkey, ham, beans, pies, and so forth. Cooking is displayed in the novel as being a tradition because they pass family recipes down for each generation to use. Global looking at this food tradition varies depending on the culture my Filipino friend eats chicken instead of turkey, and lumpia, Biko sticky rice. Ms. Esquival discusses traditions, but on the contrary, she also talks about cultural recipes as well.

Each chapter in the novel begins by displaying a family recipe that is not only a formula but is a memory and tradition being passed down for many generations. As stated by Merriam-Webster dictionary recipes are a set of instructions for preparing a particular dish, including a list of the ingredients required. There is a cultural universality to food; from starting with shopping for ingredients, followed by preparing the food, cooking it, and at last enjoying it with family. Cooking is a traditional way for women to occupy themselves, despite challenges like traditional gender ideology, budgetary constraints, and lack of food resources, they find pleasure in food preparation and express themselves through cooking. The food in the novel becomes a metaphor for love, hope, sex, happiness, and for longing. In the novel, Tita’s birthplace and her childhood home are both the kitchen, foreshadowing the importance of food and cooking to her. In the novel, Ms. Esquival incorporates magical realism and how effectively food can change someone. The opening lines introduce the relationship the novel sets up between food and humans “Take care to chop the onion fine … I suggest you place a little bit on your head.” (Esquival 5). Through food, Tita can express herself and find freedom, and also able to understand her own emotional and physical state: “It was then that she understood how the dough feels when it is plunged into boiling oil.” (Halevi-Wise 21). Tita’s magical ability to infuse her cooking with her desires and emotions allows her an outlet for rebellion. While feeling powerless, she is able to intimately affect those around her through her food. Making text-to-world connections many people find connections with food, for instance, many people make connections to food through a variety of emotions and social interactions; food is often used to support or cope with emotions and circumstances. For Tita, the smells and taste of cooking are deeply connected to memory and emotion (Esquival 9). Text-to-world it is relatable how spells can trigger memories as well as emotions, such as every holiday one cooks the same food the aroma of the food can evoke memories of the years before. Along with using my areas of knowledge I know how smells can make people feel safe and connected to memories, to give one an idea when parents or caretakers have to leave their infant baby, they often will leave a shirt or cover that has their scent on it to make the baby feel safe, as well as with pets. In the novel, it says, “Tita was literally “like water for chocolate” she was on the verge of boiling over.” (Esquival 151). It is a metaphorical language based on a culinary process that describes Tita’s emotional state. The saying illustrates how even language is connected to human emotion and food. In addition, to being a colloquial expression, it also shows the cultural significance of certain foods and recipes to the De la Garza family. There are various dishes that Tita prepares for various occasions, Mexicans also make different dishes depending on the occasion. For example, from the book A Mexican Elite Family 1820-1980 by Larissa Adler Lomnitz and Marisol Perez-Lizaur a tradition for a wealthy Mexican family is called a country gathering, at this gathering, they began with a breakfast of fruits, eggs, beans, chilaquiles, coffee, milk, and pastries (Lomnitz and Peres-lizard). Text-to society in America different dishes are made for different holidays like thanksgiving it is common for people to have turkey, mashed potatoes, macaroni, gravy, green beans, corn, and pie, whereas for Fourth of July is common to have hamburgers, hot dogs, beans, corn on the cob, ribs, potato salad, wings, and cupcakes. Economically looking at the novel, one can see who even in thought times due to the Mexican revolution Tita is still able to put forth a well-prepared meal “Gertrudis’s visit to the ranch had laid waste to the larder. … but with a little imagination and a full heart one can always prepare a decent meal.” (Esquival 210). During wars, the Great Depression, pandemics, or any historical conflict food had been short, and people lost their jobs, but people still had to find ways to feed their families even if they do not have much. Not only. does Ms. Esquival discuss cultural recipes, she also discusses feminism as well.

The novella highlights many of the characters such as Tita, Mama Elena, and Gertrudis as being stronger head women. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, feminism is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. In our culture, the trait deem ‘feminine’ is often frequently associated with women. Characteristics include: being verbal and communicative, emotional, and effusive, nurturing as well as having an appreciation for beautiful things (Serano 1). Tita, the protagonist of the novel, grows from a submissive, suffocated girl into a strong, independent woman. Tita’s rebelliousness against the control of her mother Mama Elena highlights how she starts to become a strong independent woman, for instance, by not doing chores all the way right (Esquival 12). When one begins to understand Tita, one realizes that she is mistreated and that she is tired of being oppressed and wants to take charge of her situation as she disobeys her mother. Connecting back to society, you can often find females who were bullied, sexually assaulted, abused, or involved with violence to become strong independent women as they had enough and want to take control of their lives. Looking from my perspective I can relate to Tita where her mother is controlling of her life, and hard on her, as my mother is to me. Growing up I was not allowed to do many things such as go to friends’ houses or go out with friends. Additionally, Mama Elena is hard on Tita even when her work is done perfectly like with the clothes, she made, my mother is similar with school I get good in all my classes, yet it is never enough, and she will get on me to do it better and practice more. In the novel, Gertrudis displays feminism as she was a general in the revolutionary army (Esquival 178). Text-to-society Gertrudis defies the social norm that men fight, and women stay at home and work, looking back in history this was a big stepping-stone for women to be able to join the army, as of US history women were not allowed to join until 1948 (DeSimone 1). Making societal connections over the last 100 years and still going on women have been fighting for equal rights like equal pay, and the same opportunities men get. Many believe that women cannot do anything to protect themselves without a man, especially in war, due to the fact that women are technically weaker than men, as well they believe men and women are not equal and that women are not looked at as human but a sex object and property for men to please themselves with. “I don’t agree, doña Elena, because of the political situation. You need a man to defend the house.” (Esquival 80) “I’ve never needed a man for anything; all by myself I’ve done all right with my ranch and my daughters.” (Esquival 80). Mama Elena is depicted as an antagonist and unlikeable character when first viewed, but she is an extraordinarily strong woman as she had to take over the ranch after her husband died, trying to keep family traditions alive and be a protector during a Mexican revolution; she portrays the feminist philosophy that women are equal to men. Make text-to-society connections parents look at to protect their kids from a type of danger regardless of how they feel for them or how their kids feel towards them, Ms. De la Garzas being a single woman raising three kids is not uncommon in today’s society men leave women all the time left to fend for themselves. Going back to Mama Elena I can make connections with myself as my raised five kids and a grandson on her own without help from any men, as well as bought a house by herself making it known that you do not need a man to be a strong powerful woman. Overall, Latinx author, Laura Esquivel, the narrative explores the use of feminism in the novel.

In summary, the award-winning translating, universal coming-of-age magical realism masterpiece Like Water for Chocolate, written by visionary Latinx author, screenwriter, and activist Laura Esquival, explores a plethora of brilliant ideas including; traditions, cultural recipes, and feminism. Throughout the novel, the author uses characters to betray different themes, for example, Tita is one to be recking with as she disobeys her mother, and family traditions, and sets out to be who she wants to be. Also, in the beginning, Nacha was the one who took care of Tita and taught her the way in the kitchen. Tita grew up and took over the kitchen as Nacha had passed away. The author displays a variety of different recipes prepared for numerous occasions with what they can afford due to the war. Additionally, Mama Elena is displayed not as a mother figure but as a powerful woman who shows no sympathy toward anyone. Furthermore, New York Times best-selling author and speaker Mandy Hale, expressed, “Growth is painful. Change is painful. But nothing is as painful as staying stuck somewhere you don’t belong.” The Latinx author displays growth and change throughout the novel, as Tita and Gertrudis disobey their mother to become what they want even with all the obstacles they face they do not stop. Mandy Hale’s quote can be interpreted as growing and maturing to become who one wants can be hard and painful, but it is better to go through the pain than be someone to whom one does not belong. The question one must ask oneself is: will I be like Tita and Gertrudis and break away from society’s oppression and cultural social norms, or fall victim and be consumed by what others want me to do?

Essay on a Metaphor in ‘Romeo and Juliet’

“Love is a force more formidable than any other. It is invisible – it cannot be seen or measured, yet it is powerful enough to transform you in a moment, and offer you more joy than any material possession could.”

Barbara De Angelis

When you hear the name Shakespeare, what comes to mind? I am sure it’s his timeless play, Romeo and Juliet. This play has also been contemporized and made into a movie by the same name, but the latter disappoints and dismays any lover of Shakespearean work. Both the play and the 1996 movie Romeo and Juliet explore the complex theme of desirous teenage love between two adolescents from feuding families and how they sacrifice themselves for the sake of love. While this theme has been handled in depth by Shakespeare through powerful uses of iambic pentameter and monologues, the movie contemporizes the play through the use of visual storytelling, yet falls short in terms of impact on the viewer. If you have zero appetites for literary works, this pop version of a movie might appeal to you. But if you do have any remote liking for literature, this movie will make you cringe. Elements like skyscrapers, in-your-face tattoos, and guns with sword names make a desperate attempt at setting the era, context, and place but they fall flat as the actors enter the scenes and deliver dialogues spiritlessly. Every word and element in Shakespearean literature is loaded with punch and intention but the movie fails at delivering the goods.

Shakespeare makes Romeo and Juliet’s first meeting so unforgettable that the audience is hooked into the force of love whereas the film delivers a not-so-powerful experience. In Act 1 scene 5, an extremely sentimental and religious metaphor captivates the reader:

“If I profane with my unworthiest hand

This holy shrine, the gentle sin this:

My lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready stand” (I.V.95-7)

Can you imagine a teenage boy actually referring to a teenage girl as a holy shrine and his own lips as pilgrims waiting to kiss the shrine? OMG! We usually come across the lover describing his lady comparing her with the beauty of flowers, angels, etc. but this metaphor of shrine and pilgrim’s lips seems extreme and raises his physical desire to a serious and spiritual level. If anyone said,

“Romeo and Juliet are just about lust and infatuation…” then this verse would silence the critics. This shows the almost-spiritual level of intimacy and I can’t deny I got goosebumps when I read it for the first time.

In the movie, Romeo and Juliet standing on either side of a fish tank (symbolizing they are from opposing families) catch each other’s eye.

The cinematographic elements of this scene would be quite captivating for a typical teenager. The camera focuses on the faces of both star-crossed lovers and captures their expressions of curiosity, wonder, mischief, and passion. The romantic background music sets a romantic mood. Upbeat colors heighten the senses of the viewer.

However, in comparison, I think the play has a more powerful impact as compared to the movie. The play’s unforgettable metaphors shock the reader tremendously. It allows the reader’s imagination to run wild while the movie demonstrates limiting cliched visual elements seen across modern romantic films in Bollywood and Hollywood.

Throughout the play, Romeo and Juliet reunite a few times which simply shows the force of formidable love and the unsurpassed joy it brings the lovers. However, the movie has clearly changed the reunions aspect of Romeo and Juliet, rendering it a weaker version.

In the play, Romeo and Juliet reunite when he rushes to her balcony and describes her beautifully, “But soft, What light through yonder window breaks?” (I.II.1). He continues, “It is the east, and Juliet is the sun!” (I.II.2) He describes her surpassing beauty as if she transforms the darkness into daylight. To him, she is the morning light that enters the room and brightens the room. This metaphor that she is the sun (singular, brilliant, incomparable) suggests that Juliet is the most beautiful person that exists on earth. The metaphor also conveys that Romeo has been in darkness and has suffered too much pain and now Juliet has appeared to brighten up his life.

In the movie, Romeo is backed to the wall looking at Juliet’s window where Juliet is nowhere to be seen. The quote “But soft, What light through yonder window breaks?” seems to refer to something completely irrelevant to the actual meaning of the quote in the play. The quote seems to refer to the light in Juliet’s room that literally flicks on! The whole metaphor of Juliet being singular and brilliant is lost.

In the play, the climax is violent and fast-paced: Romeo reaches the graveyard, he meets Paris, they fight, and Romeo ends up killing Paris. This shows the forcefulness of love because Romeo killed Paris in a duel, just for the sake of his love. This scene was totally omitted in the movie! In Act 5 scene 3, when Juliet “dies”, Romeo goes to Juliet’s grave where he uncovers her and delivers this beautiful heart-rending monologue about how much he loves her. “I still will stay with thee,” This shows the force of love because Romeo who was banished from Verona comes back, just for Juliet. This also demonstrates how Romeo is still thinking of Juliet in during the last minutes of his life. In the play, Romeo dies right beside Juliet. This unites them in death and the afterlife and is unforgettable. In the movie, the massive monologue of Romeo at the grave is also edited resulting in a pale, watered-down, unclear version. In the movie, there are a lot of visual loads that distract from the relationship, romance, and tragedy. When Romeo enters the crypt, we see a wide-angle shot of the crypt in the middle of which lies Juliet on a bed. The crypt is filled with brightly colored crosses which distract from the intensity of their relationship.

In comparison, the play is clearly more powerful in the climax because it zooms in on the emotions and actions of Romeo. He killed a person just for Juliet and dedicates his life and death to her. But in the movie, Romeo merely enters the crypt and cries for her death.

Conclusion

To conclude, I believe that the play is more forceful as it has originality. Even though the movie used acrobatic cinematic techniques, it is still no match to the play because the latter has been written in more detail.

Furthermore, the movie is basically the play represented in modern times except it has been ambiguously portrayed with people conversing unconvincingly in absurd Shakespearean English in a modern context of skyscrapers and corporates. To put it rather mildly, I think Shakespeare would have turned in his grave when the movie was released in 1996.

Essay on Figurative Language in ‘The Road Not Taken’

Robert Frost was one of America’s rare public literary figures’ born on March 26, 1874. Frost was the only poet to receive four Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry. In 1960, President John F. Kennedy presented Frost with the United States Congressional Gold Medal in appreciation of his poetry, which he received in March 1962. Frost’s ‘The Road Not Taken,’ presented many uses of poetic devices such as imagery, sound devices, and figurative language.

I believe The Road Not Taken describes a story based on the fear of regret. The Road Not Taken is whichever choice he might have made, meaning he did not choose any road to travel for fear of regretting it in the future. Examples of sound devices are used in this poem, such as alliteration. An example is in stanza two, there is a repetition of the ‘the sound, ‘Then took the other’ “Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same.” In stanza two there is another example of alliteration used. In line three, the ‘w’ sound is repeated in “wanted wear.”

Another example of a poetic device is the use of imagery in stanza two. The poet depicts the two paths in vivid detail. Because there were few people on that road, he claims one was grassy. The poet also describes both roads that morning, noting that no leaves had been blackened by passing people. I believe Frost creates images to capture the beauty of nature, and that this imagery is a representation of a person’s powerful emotional feelings and life experiences in some way.

Metaphors are an example of figurative language. I believe metaphors are utilized in this poem because the entire poem is a metaphor for life. When Frost speaks on the fork in the road, I think it is a metaphor for the choices we have to make in life and the road is life. These metaphors tell the importance of the choices and decisions we make in life and how they could affect and impact it. “And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth,”. The use of a metaphor is presented as the future, we can only see as far just as we can only see the immediate effects of our actions.

In conclusion, I think Robert Frost’s, “The Road Not Taken,” is an example of life and the decisions we make. The fear of regretting those decisions in the future is what leads him to this poem. There is a struggle to choose a road and to avoid missing out on either choice the narrator loses out on both.

Essay on Hood Metaphors

As fictionalizations of universal human experiences, fairy tales have the capacity to communicate core societal values and expectations essential to an individual’s survival within a particular context. The modification of literary fairy tales over diverse contexts enables composers to expound reflection on the cultural context.

Prevalent ideologies

Through the reimagining of the traditional oral tale, Little Red Riding Hood (LRRH), in Charles Perrault’s cautionary tale, Le Petit Chaperon Rouge (1697), followed by Rotkappchen (1812) by the brothers Grimm, and lastly, the post-modern appropriation of Angela Carter’s The Company of Wolves (1979), the changes in values are

As a prominent socialization device, fairy tales reflect social ideologies of a historical context to imbue values through their pedagogical function. Under the strict Christian morale present in 17th Century France, Charles Perrault’s Le Petit Chaperon Rouge is intended as a cautionary tale, warning young aristocratic women on the perils of disobeying the patriarch. As reinforced through LRRH’s filial piety towards her mother’s imperative command, “Go see how your grandmother is doing,” society in Perrault’s epoch placed importance on the submission and obedience of women towards domestic duties. Moreover, Perrault pedagogically cautions young girls against the duplicitous and predatory nature of French courtiers, depicted through, “old neighbor wolf…disguising his voice…hid under the bed covers,” to allegorically forewarn the archetypal patterns of deception associated with the masked intentions of these lustful men.

Having ultimately ended her life as an object of the wolf’s acquisitive satisfaction, the severe consequences for those who disrupted social order is depicted through metaphor, “threw himself upon Little Red Riding Hood and ate her up,” wherein Perrault reiterates the dangers of association with men, who sought to ravish female chastity and reputation. As conveyed by Catherine Orenstein, due to the social imperative of marriage, these men posed a “threat to the family patrimony…robbing their [young women’s] value as virgin pawns in the marriage de raison.”

Convey the consequent loss of religious salvation as a result of her disobedience against

In addition, LRRH’s brutal loss of virginity having ‘seen the wolf’ is utilized as a dangerous precedent to warn through rhyme, “you’re pretty so wise…may lurk in every guise,” the importance of vigilance in order for women to recognize the danger in sexual temptations and shield their prized virtues. Thus, fairy tales are effective devices in educating audiences on social values to warn against

Similarly, through their didactic function, fairy tales instill core societal values, encouraging conformity to the standards of a cultural context. The Grimm Brother’s 1812 Rotkappchen, promotes adherence to the conservative codes of behavior valued under the Protestant ethics prevalent in 19th Century Germany. Following the recently emerged concept of childhood, the Grimms sanitized their tale with moral instruction intended toward children due to “the principle of discipline and punishment in the 19th century, where a watchful eye is constantly on the alert for social deviates,” as conveyed by Jack Zipes. Perrault utilized a belittling metaphor in the characterization of their protagonist as a “sweet little girl, everybody loved her,” to perpetuate the archetypal patterns of inferiority and vulnerability of children considered virtuous, under the highly patriarchal values of male dominance prevalent in society. As an agent of socialization, Rotkappchen focuses on communicating the importance of discipline and obedience as instilled through the herald’s obligatory instruction, “be a good girl…walk carefully and do not stray from the path, or you might fall and break the bottle,” implying the inevitable risks of straying from the path, a symbol of compliance to societal expectations. The pedagogy and guided maturation of children in compliance with societal expectations are crucial in ensuring their social survival and approval. During LRRH’s sensual indulgence in the forest, the brothers Grimm utilized internal dialogue, “bring Grandmother a bouquet of fresh flowers…make her happy,” to demonstrate her sense of filial responsibility despite having already been tempted across the domestic threshold and reinforces the notions of obedience embedded in the cultural psychology. Subsequently, the employment of the moral anticlimax, “[a hunter] began to cut open the belly of the sleeping wolf…never leave the path again…no-one harmed her,” symbolically representing patriarchal protection, in the guise of the hunter, required to allow redemption and religious salvation. Hence, the didacticism of fairy tales

The adaptive nature of fairy tales enables the composer to challenge existing social ideologies to reflect the values of contemporary contexts. In contrast to previous appropriations, Angela Carter’s 1979 post-modern subversion The Company of Wolves challenges the patriarchal structure of society through the redefining of conventional gender expectations in support of second-wave feminism. By blurring the pre-existing patriarchal views of brutality archetypal to men, Carter utilizes emotive language in “wavering howl…fearful resonance, some inherent sadness,” to challenge stereotypes of human nature and humanize the wolves by revealing the inherent duality and emotion present in all characters. Moreover, written during a period of the widespread sexual revolution, Carter metaphorically implies the power of LRRH’s virginity in, “stands and moves within the invisible pentacle of her own virginity,” to highlight the independence and sexual power gained by women through the feminist movement. Upon LRRH’s arrival at the grandmother’s house, biblical denial is employed as a form of postmodern discourse in “for the first time she’d seen it so, the Bible lay closed on the table;” to symbolically represent the diminishing influence of religion over sexuality, by undermining the significance of existing religious mores and alluding to the newly-secular society wherein women were no longer held under the confines of traditional Christian values of chastity. Subsequently, Carter employed authorial intrusion in, “the girl burst out laughing; she knew she was nobody’s meat,” to connote LRRH’s sexual emancipation.

Additionally, this is reflective of the introduction of contraceptive pills in the second wave of feminism which granted women the freedom of choice and prevented their sexual objectification.

Essay on Metaphors in ‘The Great Gatsby’

The Great Gatsby was written by Francis Scott Fitzgerald back in 1925. It continues to be one of the most studied novels in the modern world. It discusses themes such as the wealth of the ‘old money’ society, segregation, and the illusion of the American Dream. Gatsby was a young man who ran to accomplish astonishing wealth. Despite his more insignificant than prestigious history, he is still repudiated by those who were born in money. Addressing Gatsby’s example, this event becomes evident that one’s longing to realize the American Dream. It also applies to high society as unprofitable because no matter how hard one works, it is impossible to reveal society’s foundations.

The American Dream was defined by James Truslow Adams, as the dream of a land in which life should be better, richer, and fuller for everyone with opportunities each according to ability and achievement regardless of circumstances birth, or position. The idea of the American Dream became a staple part of the 1920s and it fueled Gatsby in everything he did, specifically in his wish to claim Daisy; however, we humans will never be satisfied. Socrates was quite right when he said, “He who is not contented with what he has would not be contented with what he would like to have.” Gatsby escaped from the poverty of North Dakota and became rich just like many individuals who were involved in organized crime during this period. But despite having all this, Gatsby stretched his arm out towards the dock light, towards what he does not have. In all his wealth Nick cannot understand why Gatsby is acting so strange that he says “I could have sworn he was trembling” this implies some hesitancy; Nick cannot imagine why somebody with so much would be stretching out towards the dark water. The reason is that Gatsby still needs Daisy. When he finally does get her, as Socrates observed, “He still isn’t content, and he needs her to admit that she even loved him.” At first, Daisy tries to say that she never did love her husband but realized that this is not the case and her hesitancy to hurt Tom in this way suggests that she still does have feelings for him. Gatsby is the withering of the American Dream and Nick imagines Gatsby finally giving up moments before his death. This scene is observed by Nick when Gatsby’s body as it floats in the pool.

The Great Gatsby is an excellent novel that acts as a metaphor for how the American Dream is an idealized, unachievable idea. Gatsby has defeated various difficulties while gaining wealth and joining the high society, assuming he would impress and gain love from Daisy. Nonetheless, in the end, Daisy chose to stay with her husband, who is an old-money spokesperson. After Gatsby’s death, only several people visited his funeral. Despite his acting success, Great Gatsby failed in acquiring and living the low social class life that he was born into. Through this, the novel provides American Dream judgments, it also assumes that such a glamorized opinion cannot be achieved in real life.

Foreshadowing in Shirley Jackson’s ‘The Lottery’

All traditions have an intention and a purpose dedicated to the current time period, but it may come to a point where practice is no longer justified. In ‘The Lottery’, a short story written by Shirley Jackson, a rural town of 300 is ‘celebrating’ the killing of one member, which is believed to ensure a profitable harvest for the year. Tessie, the main character of the story, is chosen as this year’s winner to be brutally stoned by her own family, for the sake of everyone else’s well-being. Shirley Jackson uses many different literary devices, particularly foreshadowing, to suggest that outdated traditions blind and prevent the partakers from following the inevitable evolution in the world today.

The frequent use of foreshadowing through the characters’ actions indirectly suggests the savage violence depicted in the resolution. Throughout the whole plot, the reader assumes that the connotation of the lottery is positive, considering the given title and the town’s casual behavior. However, there are hints of the plot twist even in the exposition, when “Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followed his example, selecting the smoothest and roundest stones” (Jackson, 1). The phrase “smoother and roundest” shows that the character pays close detail to something that seems insignificant, which implies that it is important to the plot. Now, with a feeling of suspicion of the essence of the tradition, one should take note when the crowd says, “’Here comes your Missus, Hutchinson’, and ‘Bill, she made it after all’. Mrs. Hutchinson reached her husband, and Mr. Summers, who had been waiting, said cheerfully, ‘Thought we were going to have to get on without you, Tessie’” (Jackson, 3). By pinpointing Tessie specifically, it hints that she may play a crucial role in the outcome of the lottery. These very minor details plant a seed of anticipation in the back of the reader’s mind, adding complexity to the story.

There comes a point where the significance of a tradition has faded as a result of the world’s advancements and is simply now a restraint. Through the use of foreshadowing, along with other literary devices, Shirley Jackson implies that as the world develops, society must correspond, even if it results in straying from past practices. With the world constantly changing, communities, such as this one, are being pushed to adapt and change with it. Refusing to live in the present alters the evolution that is ensured to come.

Figurative Language in Sonnet 18 and in ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’

Creative writing can be defined as writing that imaginatively expresses ideas and thoughts (YourDictionary.com). Creative writing can be designated into three types which are fictional prose, non-fictional prose, and poetry. In this assignment, I will give my creative response to ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’ by Nancy Churnin, which is prose non-fiction, and poetry written by Shakespeare, Sonnet 18. ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’ by Nancy Churnin is a true story of one man’s endeavor who, after failing to bring his wife to the hospital in time, dedicated his life to creating a road through a mountain with only a hammer and chisel. Shakespeare’s ‘Sonnet 18’ is about the permanence of love and its power to commemorate the poet’s subject.

Both ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’ and ‘Sonnet 18’ use words that are hyperbolic metaphors. Metaphors refer to the use of language to refer to make connections between two things () In ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’, the term ‘moving mountains’ is a metaphor for accomplishing seemingly impossible tasks. In the story, Dashrath Manjhi exemplifies perseverance as he carves a road through a mountain one chisel swing at a time. In Sonnet 18, Shakespeare praises his beloved’s beauty and illustrates all the ways in which her beauty is comparable to a summer day. Shakespeare uses analogies such as “eternal summer shall not fade” to describe his beloved’s beauty as everlasting and will forever be appreciated so long as the poem is cited.

In ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’, the author uses informal language. For example, the sentence “Manjhi paused at the top of the mountain to catch his breath and gaze at the two villages. Why should some people have so much and others so little?” brings a conversational and narrative tone. This language is easy to understand and it is commonly used in novels. In Sonnet 18, however, Shakespeare uses figurative language. For example, the first two lines of the poem state “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate”. Shakespeare uses these metaphors to compare his beloved’s beauty to summer and she is even more beautiful than summer as she is not too overwhelming.

The writing style of ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’ differs from ‘Sonnet 18’. ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’ uses a descriptive writing style with the character and what he is doing. For example, “Nothing could stop him. Not words. Not time. Not even the mountain, which sent chips and powder tumbling down his shoulders, whitening his hair.” In this sentence, the author uses different words to describe what Manjhi had to go through in his life which helps us to picture it ourselves. On the other hand, Sonnet 18 reflects the rhetorical tradition of an Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet (ThoughtCo.). This is because the structure of the poem has 14 lines with three quatrains followed by a couplet.

To recapitulate, non-fictional prose and poetry have their distinctions. Although these examples share the same theme and focus which is ‘Love’, the illustrations and mode to deliver the message vary. ‘Manjhi Moves a Mountain’ signifies a man who gave a part of his life to help others so that they would not suffer the faith of his beloved wife in a descriptive story form whereas Sonnet 18 displays a man’s appreciation towards his lover’s beauty through comparisons with other objects.

References

  1. Churnin, N. (2017) Manjhi Moves a Mountain. Creston Books.

Explain How Whitman Develops an Extended Metaphor in His Poem: Analytical Essay

Whilst at first glance this poem, Aboard at a ship’s Helm by Walt Whitman, is displaying the scene of a ship at sea, the closer one looks the more apparent it becomes that this is merely an overall metaphor for someone who is beginning to take control of their life, steering it in the direction that they want by making their own choices. To assist with this the poem consists of many effective aesthetic features and stylistic devices including the use of mood and tone, language devices, and sound devices to convey Whitman’s message effectively.

What makes this metaphor so effective in conveying this underlying message is the way that Whitman utilizes the mood and tone of the poem. For the first six lines, the mood is gloomy and depressing, as the ocean becomes more violent and dangerous. However, there is a mood change in line seven where the words become more descriptive and detailed allowing a more peaceful and happier tone. ‘ The beautiful and noble ship, with all her precious wealth, speeds away gaily and safe’ is a dramatic change in the attitude towards the ship, the voyage, and the objects on board. This change has been used as a clear indication of when the person beings to take control of their life and chose the path that they wish to take. It is also important to acknowledge the positioning of this change within the poem. Structuring it at line 7 – near the end – allows Whitman to build up the stress and tension within the reader allowing not only to keep them hooked but also to allow them to connect and feel for the character in the poem. It is easier for readers to accept the poem if they can relate to certain emotions evoked by the author, such as the relief and satisfaction when the mood changes and all that stress is relieved.

Whitman effectively uses a range of aesthetic features in this poem such as repetition that builds tension and emotion. Repetition is used multiple times throughout, creating a sense of urgency, and helping to build tension and a greater emotional connection between the poem and the reader. An example of this occurs in lines four and five when the word ‘ringing’ is repeated 3 times, almost as if the bells are getting louder and the warning is becoming more urgent as the ship becomes closer to the rocks. This repetition helps to create the build-up of stress within the reader and helps persuade and allow them to understand why the message of taking control is so important.

In addition to this, Imagery has been used continuously within this poem to help the reader to connect with the character and message. The use of imagery allows the reader to connect to the events happening in the poem through a sort of visual representation; allowing them to feel as if there were the character or were there with them experiencing the event. This is evident all throughout the poem but can be clearly seen in the phrase, a bell through fog on a sea-coast dolefully ringing,’ It allows them to get a snapshot of the gloomy scene in which Whitman has set, and appeals to the reader not only emotionally but it also appeals to their senses including, sight, touch, smell, and sound. Allowing them to form a greater relation and connection to the poem.

‘Those Winter Sundays’ Literary Devices Essay

Introduction

In the realm of poetry, literary devices serve as the building blocks that breathe life into the written word, allowing poets to convey complex emotions and ideas. Robert Hayden’s poem, ‘Those Winter Sundays,’ exemplifies the skillful use of literary devices to enhance its themes and evoke a profound emotional response. In this literary criticism essay, we will explore the various literary devices employed in ‘Those Winter Sundays’ and analyze how they contribute to the poem’s overall impact and meaning.

Body

Imagery

Imagery plays a significant role in ‘Those Winter Sundays,’ as Hayden employs vivid sensory details to create a tangible atmosphere. For instance, phrases such as “blueblack cold,” “cracked hands aching from labor,” and “fearing the chronic angers” evoke visual and tactile sensations, enabling readers to experience the coldness, physical strain, and emotional tension within the poem. The rich imagery intensifies the reader’s engagement with the speaker’s memories and amplifies the underlying emotions.

Metaphor

Hayden skillfully employs metaphors to add depth and complexity to the poem. The line “austere love” conveys a powerful contradiction, juxtaposing austerity with love. This metaphorical expression encapsulates the father’s reserved nature and the underlying depth of his affection. It prompts readers to contemplate the complexity of love and the profound impact of seemingly small, selfless acts.

Repetition

Repetition is employed strategically in ‘Those Winter Sundays’ to emphasize key ideas and create a rhythmic flow. The repeated phrase “What did I know?” highlights the speaker’s reflection and introspection, underscoring their realization of their past blindness to the father’s sacrifices. This repetition serves as a refrain, driving home the theme of understanding and appreciation that emerges as the poem unfolds.

Alliteration

Hayden employs alliteration to enhance the musicality of the poem and draw attention to specific words and phrases. For example, the repeated “w” sounds in “blueblack cold,” “weekday weather,” and “warm with the love” create a soft, melodic quality. This alliteration not only adds to the poem’s aesthetic appeal but also reinforces the contrast between the harsh external conditions and the warmth of the father’s love.

Enjambment

The strategic use of enjambment, the continuation of a sentence or phrase beyond the end of a line, enhances the poem’s flow and rhythm. Hayden’s enjambment choices create a seamless movement between lines, encouraging readers to read the poem fluidly. This technique mirrors the natural, introspective thought process of the speaker as they delve into their memories and emotions, maintaining a sense of momentum throughout the poem.

Personification

Personification is subtly employed in ‘Those Winter Sundays’ to imbue inanimate objects with human qualities, contributing to the poem’s emotional resonance. For instance, the phrase “the chronic angers of that house” personifies the house, suggesting that it carries a weight of unspoken tensions and frustrations. This personification deepens the sense of the speaker’s childhood experiences and the emotional complexities within the household.

Conclusion

Robert Hayden’s ‘Those Winter Sundays’ is a masterful demonstration of the effective use of literary devices to convey profound emotions and themes. The imagery, metaphors, repetition, alliteration, enjambment, and personification woven throughout the poem enrich its meaning and engage readers on multiple levels. Through the skillful deployment of these literary devices, Hayden invites readers to reflect on the complexities of familial relationships, the quiet acts of love, and the transformative power of hindsight. ‘Those Winter Sundays’ stands as a testament to the enduring impact of well-crafted poetry and the resonant effect of literary devices in conveying deep human experiences.

Essay on ‘Those Winter Sundays’ Figurative Language

Introduction

Robert Hayden’s poem “Those Winter Sundays” is a poignant and introspective exploration of a complex father-child relationship. Through the use of vivid imagery and powerful figurative language, Hayden captures the nuances of the speaker’s emotions and the depth of their connection. In this critical essay, we will delve into the various types of figurative language employed in the poem, analyzing their effects on the overall meaning and impact of the work.

Metaphor

One of the most striking aspects of “Those Winter Sundays” is the use of metaphor to convey the speaker’s feelings towards their father. Hayden employs the metaphor of the house as a symbol of both warmth and isolation. The line, “the chronic angers of that house” suggests that the speaker’s childhood home was marked by emotional tension and coldness. This metaphor reveals the emotional distance between the speaker and their father, emphasizing the missed opportunities for connection and affection.

Another metaphor employed in the poem is the reference to the father’s hands as “cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather.” This metaphor conveys the father’s hard work and sacrifice for the family. The image of the cracked hands symbolizes both physical pain and the father’s tireless devotion to his responsibilities. Through this metaphor, Hayden highlights the father’s selflessness and the profound impact of his actions on the speaker’s life.

Imagery

Hayden’s use of vivid imagery further enhances the emotional resonance of the poem. The description of the father’s actions, “polishing my good shoes as well,” evokes a sense of care and meticulousness. This image reflects the father’s dedication to his child’s well-being and the small but meaningful acts of love that often go unnoticed.

The poet also employs sensory imagery to convey the bitter coldness of the winter mornings. Lines such as “blueblack cold,” “splintering, breaking,” and “the cold splintering, breaking” create a chilling atmosphere, immersing the reader in the harshness of the environment. This imagery not only serves to emphasize the physical discomfort but also symbolizes the emotional distance and isolation within the family.

Personification

Hayden utilizes personification to infuse the poem with a sense of melancholy and remorse. The line, “the chronic angers of that house” personifies the house, attributing it with the emotion of anger. This personification suggests that the speaker’s childhood home was characterized by unresolved tensions and emotional strife, adding depth to the portrayal of the family dynamic.

The use of personification extends to the final lines of the poem, where the speaker reflects on their own lack of understanding and appreciation in their youth. The phrase “what did I know, what did I know” personifies ignorance and regret, conveying the speaker’s realization of their past indifference towards their father’s sacrifices. This personification underscores the theme of missed opportunities for connection and underscores the universal experience of reflection and regret.

Conclusion

Through the skillful use of metaphor, imagery, and personification, Robert Hayden’s “Those Winter Sundays” paints a vivid and emotionally resonant portrait of a complex father-child relationship. The figurative language employed in the poem enriches the narrative by conveying the depth of the speaker’s emotions and the nuanced dynamics within the family. By evoking powerful imagery and employing metaphorical devices, Hayden invites readers to reflect on their own experiences of familial love, sacrifice, and missed connections. “Those Winter Sundays” stands as a testament to the power of figurative language in illuminating the complexities of human relationships and evoking a profound emotional response in readers.