In 300-500 words, please discuss how the new oil painting technique developed in the early fifteenth century influenced how artists communicated their vision of the world? Discuss the differences between oil paint and tempera paint. In what ways did the development of oil paint strengthen the role of disguised symbolism in 15th Century Netherlandish painting? Please select at least one specific work of art from this unit to discuss and help illustrate your points.
Compare and contrast the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt. Do this in
terms of geography as well as political and intellectual outlook.
https://youtu.be/sohXPx_XZ6Y
https://youtu.be/Yocja_N5s1I
CHAPTER SUMMARY
Africa was humanity’s cradle, and humankind’s beginnings were approximately four million years ago, according to the available archeological evidence. Through the many millennia early humans (hominids) began using stones, discovered fire, and in small bands they gathered wild plants and hunted wild animals. Modern humans, known as Homo sapiens sapiens, appeared first in Africa no later than 150,000 years ago, and eventually spread throughout the world by the end of the Paleolithic era, or the Old Stone Age.
A revolutionary event occurred beginning c. 10,000 B.C. Known as the Neolithic (New Stone Age) Revolution, its significance was in producing food through the domestication of plants and animals, an event that first occurred in the upland regions of the Middle East’s Fertile Crescent. Permanent villages of up to a few thousand people replaced nomadic bands, pottery was made from clay, goods were accumulated and traded. A division of labor appeared, and eventually men became the dominant gender because of their labor in food production.
Increasing complexity led to the further development of what is called civilization, which can be defined as urban, with more formal institutions, the use of writing, monumental architecture, and the production of metal, bronze being the earliest. Civilizations developed elsewhere in the world, but in the West it was in the river valleys of Mesopotamia and Egypt where civilization first appeared.
Ancient Mesopotamia, in Southwest Asia–the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers–was a city-state civilization created by a people known as the Sumerians. The rivers were tamed, but remained unpredictable, affecting both religion and the arts (notably in the Epic of Gilgamesh), priests and kings held a monopoly of power, temples (ziggurats) were constructed of brick, trade and commerce expanded, although most of the inhabitants were farmers. Writing on clay, known as cuneiform (wedge-shaped) began. Located on flat plains, the city-states were vulnerable to invasion. The result was the creation of a series of empires, beginning with the Akkadians c. 2340 B.C, later followed by the Babylonians, famous for Hammurabi’s law code (c.1750). The centrality of religion was exemplified in the epics of Enuma elish and Gilgamesh.
Civilization also developed along Egypt’s Nile River, a more predictable river than those in Mesopotamia, and Egyptian religion reflected its more benign nature. The Nile also served as a unifier of ancient Egypt, and surrounded by deserts, Egypt was less subject to invasion. Egyptian pharaohs were perceived as gods, unlike the rulers in Mesopotamia, and their tombs were the pyramids that were constructed during the Old Kingdom, c. 2600-2400 B.C. Religion was at the core, not least in the various divine manifestations of the ever-present sun. A quest for immortality developed, particularly around the cult of Osiris, and mummification became widespread during the Middle Kingdom (c.2050-1650 B.C.), whose end coincided with an invasion of the Hyksos peoples. Native rule resumed during the New Kingdom (c. 1567-1085), an era of Egyptian imperialistic expansion throughout much of the Middle East.
During the 1330s, a potentially radical religious revolution began with the pharaoh Amenhotep IV, who assumed the name Akhenaten, in honor of his god, Aten, god of the disk of the sun. His actions in closing the temples devoted to the other gods alienated the priesthood, particularly the priests of the powerful god, Amon-Re. After his death, the old gods were restored, but in his religious pursuits, Akhenaten had neglected foreign policy, and Palestine and Syria were lost from Egyptian rule. In the 1200s, the so-called “Sea Peoples invaded Egypt” and during the next millennium Egypt was often dominated by foreign empires, such as the Assyrian, Persian, and Macedonian. In the late first century B.C., Egypt became a Roman province.
Farming appeared in Europe’s Balkans by 6500 B.C. and in central Europe by 4000 B.C. A characteristic of European societies during these millennia was the construction of large stone structures, or megaliths, the most famous being England’s Stonehenge. Indo-European speakers migrated into Europe and the Middle East around 2000 B.C. One Indo-European group, the Hittites, established a kingdom in Asia Minor c. 1700. They, like the Egyptians, were attacked by the Sea Peoples, and by 1190, Hittite power had ended.
1 Minimum 300-word response, all responses will be run through Turnitin for possible plagiarism,make sure this is your own work.Discuss the impact of pandemics in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. How do modern pandemics compare to those of the past such as the Black Death?
Please check the attachment that is under “Assignment Run Down” of what needs to be done.
There are some readings that could help with this assignment. Make sure to look through that as well.
Attached you will find assignment due for 3rd grader, he needs to do a Holiday Research project and he chose Puerto Rico. In PR we celebrate Los Reyes Magos – known as the Three Wise Men, or Three Kings in English.
Please make sure to add all books and websites used for this project, please also do a powepoint with pictures we can use for presentation
Discuss how Napoleon’s use of nationalism influenced countries across Europe before the end of the 19th century. Has Napoleon’s nationalism transcended into the 21st century? How? 4000
Answer ONLY ONE of the five questions below by comparing no less than three (but no more than four) of the following twelve ancient or medieval cultures. Please note: you must select at least one culture from each of the following three categories.
Category 1: Ancient Cultures in the Fertile Crescent (Module 2)
1. Ancient Mesopotamia (including Sumer, Babylon, Assyria, etc.) before the Persian Empire. Please note: For this culture, you can decide to focus on one of the ancient Mesopotamian societies, such as Sumer.
2. Ancient Egypt before the Persian Empire
3. The Persian Empire
4. The Ancient Hebrews
Category 2: Ancient Greece and Rome (Modules 3-4)
1. The Ancient Greek City-States from around 800 to Alexander the Great
2. Alexander the Great’s Empire and the Hellenistic Kingdoms
3. The Roman Republic
4. The Roman Empire from Augustus to the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE
Category 3: Medieval Cultures (Modules 5-7)
1. The Byzantine Empire
2. Medieval Islamic Civilization (Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, etc.)
3. Post-Roman Europe from the end of the Western Roman Empire (476) until the beginning of the Carolingian dynasty (751)
4. The Carolingian Empire
5. Medieval Europe after the collapse of the Carolingian Empire to 1500 CE (including the Renaissance)
Questions
1. Compare the roles of women in three western cultures (see above) before 1500 CE to explain which society gave women the most amount of rights and which society gave women the least amount of rights. or
2. Compare how the human need to adapt to the natural environment influenced government and religion in three western cultures before 1500 CE. or
3. Compare the relationship between religion, government, and society (social class, economics, gender roles) in three western cultures before 1500 CE. or
4. Compare how governments worked and justified their authority in relation to such themes as religion, social class, and gender roles in three western cultures before 1500 CE to explain which society had the most successful government and which society had the least successful government. or
5. Compare how three empires in western civilization before 1500 CE expanded, how they governed their territories, and why they eventually collapsed to explain which empire was the most successful and which empire was the least successful. Please note: By empire, I mean extensive territorial states that expand beyond the cultural homeland of their rulers and in doing so bring other foreign countries, states, and/or cities under their control. Such empires do not necessarily have emperors or empresses. But this excludes the ancient Sumerians, Egypt before the New Kingdom, the Hebrews, archaic-age and classical Greece, medieval kingdoms, medieval city-states, and other such polities.
You are required to use the assigned textbook, lecture, and primary sources for this assignment and at least four outside sources
1. What was the relationship between global migration, new technologies, and the spread of cultural influences during and after the Cold War?
2.
PPT due: create a 5-7 PPT, include a title page and reference slide as well. Topic choices will be noted in the assignment.
Pick an event (list below) briefly explain the event, evaluate who was involved (voluntary, involuntary, why?), analyzing impact to society, economy, and politics. Each slide must have presenters notes 100 min. word count Include a title page and reference slide as well.
United Nations Partitions Palestine
Algerian War for Independence
The Russian Revolution
**Please do not add brightly colored or moving graphics.
3.