In the context of nurses job satisfaction, several factors need to be taken into account, and their compliance with the standards for staff retention needs to be monitored. Those include a decent pay level, the team atmosphere consideration, and adequate requirements from the manager. Moreover, efforts should be made to counter burnout, a significant problem (Bakhamis et al., 2019). By working through each employee individually, the most significant problem can be identified and focused on solving it.
Additional nurses can be recruited by increasing the motivation and public prestige of the job. Motivation can be increased by tangible and social methods in finding new hires. Regarding the level of prestige, the importance of caring and the indispensability of the profession should be advertised at all levels, including social efforts by the state and the facilitation of certification (Carthon et al., 2021). With more people wanting to study nursing, there will be more potential colleagues.
With advances in technology, the human element in the nursing workforce may diminish in the future. Some of the tasks will probably be assigned to automation, and artificial intelligence will be able to operate these machines. However, not all decisions can be made by a computer, and not all patients can accept the absence of a live person around them. At the same time, the number of nurses skills will expand and may include knowledge of additional disciplines and greater professionalism.
I could not agree more that managements attitude has a big impact and highlighted this issue in employee retention. Some managers attribute the rush and pressure to understaffing, although they recursively provoke it. In my opinion, it is managements shortcomings that contribute to schedule suffering and accelerated staff burnout. Do you think it is realistic to change strategies or the supervisors themselves to fix this problem?
There is no doubt that the step-by-step assessment of hiring nurses is true. Moreover, the fellowship programs being implemented indeed have potential benefits. However, is there really a need for a reassessment of skills and a more difficult exam before taking a position? In my opinion, this process should include taking into account the interests and passions of the employee. For retention purposes, it is sometimes better to give a short refresher course than to assign a person to do something they are good at but do not like at all.
Multispecialty group practice is a practice that is composed of physicians from different specialty working collaboratively in the same health care facility to provide effective and efficient comprehensive health services to the patients (Pauly, 2009). Although multispecialty group practice is currently on the increase, it is not a guarantee that it will achieve economies of scope (Pauly, 2009). Besides, recent researches have shown that the economic advantage of this practice is its ability to coordinate care in a managed care setting, though it requires large practices (Robibson, 2010).
According to a qualitative research about group practices, more than 20% of health care facilities practice multispecialty group practice because of the potential for high quality and low cost through clinical coordination, economies of scale and the physicians culture of total responsibility (Pauly, 2009). Additionally, it is beneficial to the patients because the reception of multiple services at one place expedites referral process (Pauly, 2009). For instance, multispecialty practice may include specialists from orthopedics, cardiology, medicine, neurology and gynecology in one building to facilitate patients access to a well-coordinated standard care (Pauly, 2009).
Multispecialty group practice achieves economies of scale through purchasing of supplies and equipment in large volumes because it is always cheap to procure goods and services in large quantity (Robibson, 2010). Secondly, economies of scale is achieved through computerized information system because information technology saves on expenditure by cutting down on the cost of stationery (Pauly, 2009). Thirdly, economies of scale is achieved through the spread of insurance risk and access to financial capital at a lower interest rate and finally, the prominent name of multispecialty group practice in the community does not only attract the people at the grass root level but also experienced physicians and administrators (Robibson, 2010).
According to researches done, multispecialty group practice achieve economies of scope in the coordination of clinical care by combining the services provided by non-physicians, physicians and specialists (Pauly, 2009). Secondly, it achieves economies of scope by maintaining a balance in the health care professionals via avoiding of under capacity in physicians and overcapacity in specialists (Pauly, 2009). Finally, it achieves economies of scope by retaining the clinical accountability to their patients from their residence, through the outpatient, the inpatient and long-term care setting (Robibson, 2010). Moreover, multispecialty group practice can adapt a culture that involves physicians collaboration and group medicine through promotion and payment policies that promote a concern for the whole enterprise rather than one specialty (Pauly, 2009).
Multispecialty group practice has several advantages and to begin with, it is beneficial to the patients with multiple health care problems because it promotes an environment that motivates and enhances communication and collaboration leading to standard care (Robibson, 2010). Secondly, it offers all services at one stop and this time is saving to the patients because they will not require to visit another facility for extra services (Pauly, 2009). Thirdly, it provides an environment in which physicians can specialize and become experts in a particular area (Pauly, 2009). Finally, multispecialty group practices often provide services that are not available in many communities and this attract many people (Robibson, 2010).
In conclusion, multispecialty group practice needs to be adapted because as medicine grows, it becomes impossible for a single physician to know everything that the health care field has to offer (Pauly, 2009). Furthermore, the number of patients who require visiting a multi specialty group practice is on the increase (Robibson, 2010). For instance, there is an increase in the number of patients with multiple medical problems, atypical diseases, undiagnosed problems and complicated problems like heart diseases, cancer or stroke (Pauly, 2009).
References
Pauly, J. (2009). Should you Choose a Multispecialty Group Practice for your Care? Journal of Ambulatory Care Management , 20 (7), 780-800.
Robibson, A. (2010). The Limits of Prepaid Group Practice. Journal of Health Politics, Policies and Law , 65 (27), 199-211.
Over the years, bariatric surgery has become a widespread choice for those with weight problems. Consequently, there is now a heightened demand for specialized centers specifically tailored to meet bariatric patients particular needs. When setting up such a facility, it is necessary to consider the local demographics and access points to guarantee that the facility can meet the needs of the community it is meant to serve. In this talk, we will emphasize the significance of community demographics and access points in the development of bariatric healthcare centers and their critical role in forming successful medical facilities.
Understanding Community Demographics
When planning for bariatric services, it is essential to consider the local communitys demographics. By analyzing the age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, and health status of the population, project teams can identify any health disparities and pinpoint the prevalence of specific health issues (Dockrell & Hurley, 2020). This information is invaluable in designing healthcare services that cater to the specific requirements of the population, such as bariatric services tailored to those with extreme obesity.
Importance of Community Demographics in Facility Planning
It is essential to consider community demographics when planning bariatric facilities. Data such as age, gender, racial background, income, and health status can indicate the health requirements of the area. By analyzing this information, project leaders can recognize disparities in health and the occurrence of specific medical issues (Dockrell & Hurley, 2020). This data can be used to create healthcare services tailored to the populations specific needs, including the development of a bariatric facility that accommodates the unique needs of people with extreme obesity.
Importance of Accessibility in Bariatric Facilities
It is of the utmost importance for bariatric facilities to be accessible to patients with limited mobility. Components such as ramps, elevators, and larger doorways should be incorporated during planning to ensure that all patients can quickly gain entry. Additionally, selecting the facilitys location should be done thoughtfully, considering public transportation, particularly for those who may not be able to drive. By considering accessibility, bariatric facilities can provide the best possible care for their patients and ultimately help promote positive health outcomes (Dockrell & Hurley, 2020). The project team must keep accessibility in mind when designing the facility to ensure patients have access to the care they require.
Conclusion
Community demographics and accessibility are crucial considerations in facility planning for bariatric facilities. Analyzing community demographics and integrating accessibility considerations can help create a facility that meets the needs of the target population and is easily accessible to them. This can lead to improved health outcomes for the population and the success of the facility.
This business plan describes the services that Psychiatry and Psychological Services will deliver in a nursing home, including in-person and Telehealth services. It describes the need for the service, the variables influencing the need for the service, a market study, a fiscal and capital budget, and the grounds for approving the service. This strategy will aid the nursing home comprehend the prospective benefits of offering Psychiatric and Psychological Services, as well as the financial and human capital challenges involved (Abdullah, 2020). The nursing home will be able to make an educated choice about whether to provide such services if it takes the time to analyze all of these aspects.
Overview of the Service
Psychiatric and Psychological Services through Telehealth is a cutting-edge initiative offering nursing home patients a broad range of mental health treatments. It is an innovative technique for providing excellent treatment that makes mental health services available to individuals who may not have access to conventional in-person care (Weinzimmer et al., 2021). This new service provides a variety of psychological and psychiatric therapies, including medication management, counseling, and crisis intervention. Additionally, Telehealth gives the elderly access to mental health experts who have expertise in caring for them, ensuring that the treatment they get is personalized to their unique requirements.
This program has the potential to significantly enhance residents mental health outcomes by providing timely access to mental health treatment. Telehealth allows people to get mental health care without visiting a clinic or other offsite locations. Therefore, Telehealth may be less expensive than conventional in-person treatment (Frye et al., 2021). Moreover, Telehealth services may make it easier for nursing home employees to deliver mental health treatment to patients without taking them out of the nursing home environment.
Residents may also obtain mental health treatments via the Telehealth program from the comfort and privacy of their room. Telehealth consultations are carried out through a secure link between the patient and the provider, providing for a secure and discreet exchange of information. Furthermore, Telehealth treatments may be scheduled at the convenience of the resident, allowing them to get therapy when it is most convenient for them (Gogia, 2020). Lastly, Telehealth sessions may be recorded and preserved for later use, providing for treatment continuity. The Telehealth program is intended to be adaptable to the requirements of nursing home patients. It provides various services that may be adjusted to each residents requirements, ensuring they get the best possible care. Telehealth also gives senior citizens access to mental health experts who have worked with them before, enabling them to get personalized therapy to their unique needs. Additionally, since sessions may be recorded and preserved for future reference, telehealth provides for continuity of treatment.
In summary, Telehealth Psychiatric and Psychological Services is an innovative initiative that offers nursing home patients a broad spectrum of mental health treatments. It is a practical and cost-effective technique of offering high-quality mental health care tailored to the unique needs of each resident (Gogia, 2020). Moreover, it provides convenience, privacy, and continuity of care, making it a perfect choice for providing high-quality mental health treatments to nursing home patients.
The Need for the Service
Nursing homes provide long-term care to the elderly and disabled. As the population ages, psychological and mental health issues among nursing home residents become more common. Depression, anxiety, sleep problems, agitation, and other mental health disorders are examples. Access to psychiatric and psychological treatments, both in person and through Telehealth, may help better evaluate, diagnose, and treat these issues and give crucial support to those suffering from mental illnesses.
Psychiatric and psychological therapy in a nursing home may help residents improve their quality of life. They provide mental health treatment and counseling that may assist in the decrease of depression and anxiety symptoms, the improvement of sleep and other behavioral problems, and the support of people facing end-of-life issues. Moreover, these services may help to increase communication between staff and residents, as well as between residents themselves.
Nursing home patients may benefit from receiving psychiatric and psychological therapy by having a professional listen to their worries and feelings in a safe and secure setting (Kaminska, 2020). As a result, it helps decrease loneliness and gives residents a sense of connection and empowerment. Moreover, having access to these services may assist in spotting and acting in situations of abuse or neglect, which is sometimes overlooked in nursing home settings.
Factors Impacting the Need for the Service
Increased Mental Health Issues
Mental health disorders are becoming more frequent in the general population and have increased over the last several years. This is particularly true for the elderly, who suffer many obstacles, including chronic health conditions, physical limitations, and social isolation. Subsequently, many nursing homes are now seeing an increase in the number of patients who require mental and psychological care (Kaminska, 2020). This rising demand for mental health care drives the need for nursing homes to provide additional psychiatric and psychological treatments.
Limited Access to Services
The existing system for delivering psychiatric and psychological treatments to the elderly is often inadequate and unavailable to many. Many ageing individuals cannot get the specialized mental health care they need due to a lack of accessible clinicians, lengthy wait periods, physical constraints, and lack of transportation. Through delivering these services in person and through Telehealth at the nursing home, the elderly will have more access to the necessary care.
Increased Demand for Telehealth
The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in a huge surge in the demand for Telehealth services. Due of the hazards connected with in-person visits, a rising number of the old individuals are turning to Telehealth to get the medical treatment they need without having to leave the comfort of their own homes (David, 2020). Telehealth will enable elderly people living in nursing homes to get mental and psychological treatment without jeopardizing their health or well-being.
Growing Awareness of Mental Health
The significance of mental health and well-being has increased due to the increased discussion and acceptance of mental health in recent years. Due to the shift in public attitude, there is a greater need for and willingness to use mental health services (Kaminska, 2020). Elderly folks can obtain these crucial services in a welcoming, familiar setting by having psychiatric and psychological treatments available at the nursing home.
Stigma
There is still a stigma associated with excellent mental health, especially among the elderly people in the community. Many senior citizens may be hesitant to seek help for mental health issues due to feelings of shame or humiliation. The nursing homes elderly inhabitants will be able to get appropriate therapy without fear of being criticized or shamed since the nursing home will offer mental and psychological treatments.
Fiscal Planning Issues
A nursing homes fiscal planning for including psychiatric and psychological services is a difficult procedure. The organization must consider the expenses of implementing the service, such as recruiting more people, giving specialist training, and acquiring new equipment and software. Moreover, the business must consider the expense of promoting and selling the service in order to attract new customers. Furthermore, the institution must evaluate the cost consequences of providing psychiatric and psychological treatments. The expenses include the expenditure of granting insurance coverage for service providers and the cost of providing services to insured customers (David, 2020). Moreover, the organization must evaluate the expense of providing services to customers who cannot pay for their treatment. The organization must assess the potential money earned by the services in addition to the expense of delivering psychiatric and psychological care. The firm will also need to assess the possible savings from lower healthcare expenditures, such as lower hospitalization costs.
Moreover, the organization should examine the hazards of providing psychiatric and psychological treatments. Potential legal obligations, such as medical malpractice litigation and other accusations of carelessness, may be among these concerns. Moreover, if the service is not given competently and ethically, the business may suffer severe reputational problems. Considering these aspects, the company can guarantee that adding psychiatric and psychological services is a fiscally sound option.
Human Capital Issues and Needs
Hiring trained mental health experts, providing training and resources for personnel to deliver excellent services, and implementing rules and procedures that assure the safety and privacy of all clients are all human capital concerns that must be addressed while providing Psychiatric and Psychological Services. Moreover, employing skilled employees and providing proper training and resources will be critical to ensuring that the Nursing home provides the best possible care. In addition, the Nursing home must examine the financial resources required to deliver excellent services, such as recruiting extra personnel and investing in the appropriate equipment to provide Telehealth services (David, 2020). Lastly, the Nursing home must address the legal consequences of mental health care, including ensuring that all services comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and any applicable state or local legislation.
Market Analysis
The healthcare business is undergoing fast transformation and expansion. Services such as Psychiatric and Psychological Services are in high demand as the need for specialized treatment grows. As a nursing home, offering such services may allow it to distinguish itself from other nursing homes. The old population needs psychiatric and psychological services. According to the American Psychological Association, the aging individuals are more likely to commit suicide due to mental health issues such as anxiety and depression (David, 2020). Moreover, aged people are more prone to suffer from age-related mental health conditions such as dementia and Alzheimers. Offering Psychiatric and Psychological Services may assist in addressing these concerns and improving the quality of life for the elderly.
Pricing for Psychiatric and Psychological Services in Person and through Telehealth is normally paid per session. The cost of each session varies depending on the supplier and the kind of service provided. Individual counseling appointments may be more expensive than group therapy sessions. Moreover, telehealth services may be charged differently than in-person treatments because of the added technology and equipment required. Likewise, offering Psychiatric and Psychological Services in person and through Telehealth is an essential and critical service for the aged population (Frye et al., 2021). Such programs may assist in enhancing the quality of life and treat prevalent mental health difficulties in the elderly people. The cost of such services varies according to the supplier and the kind of service provided. As a nursing home, offering such services may allow it to distinguish itself from other nursing homes.
Budget
Operational Budget
Table 1
Staff
Psychiatric and Psychological Services Physician:
$200,000
Psychiatric and Psychological Services Psychologist:
$125,000
Mental Health Nurse:
$85,000
Support Staff:
$75,000
Facility and Maintenance:
Lease:
$50,000
Utilities:
$25,000
Insurance:
$15,000
Maintenance:
$10,000
Other Expenses:
Advertising:
$5,000
Licensing:
$2,000
Training:
$2,000
Miscellaneous:
$2,000
Total Budget:
$596,000
Capital Budget
Table 2
Equipment
Telehealth Equipment:
$15,000
Computers:
$10,000
Office Supplies:
$1,000
Training and Certification of Staff:
$10,000
Telehealth Software and Equipment:
$30,000
Furniture and Office Supplies:
$10,000
Computer Hardware and Software:
$20,000
Professional Liability Insurance:
$3,000
Total budget:
$99,000
Human Resource Cost Budget
Table 3
Personnel
Psychologist:
$60,000/year
Psychiatrist:
$90,000/year
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner:
$80,000/year
Licensed Mental Health Counselor:
$50,000/year
Psychiatric Social Worker:
$50,000/year
Administrative Assistant:
$30,000/year
Total Personnel Cost:
$360,000/year
The budgets above thoroughly overview the financial resources required to develop a Psychiatric and Psychological Services program in a nursing home. The operational budget details the expenditures associated with running the program, such as employee pay, facilities and maintenance fees, advertising, licensing, and training as indicated in table 1. Table 2, capital budget details the expenditures of acquiring equipment such as computers, Telemedicine software and equipment, and furnishings (Frye et al., 2021). The budget for human resources covers the yearly cost of staff such as psychologists, psychiatrists, and mental health counselors as depicted in table 3. All of these budgets are required in order to provide a complete financial strategy for the new service. They ensure the organization has the resources to successfully execute and sustain the Psychiatry and Psychological Services program.
Reasons for Greenlighting
For some reason, a care home should approve Psychiatric and Psychological Services in person and through Telehealth. Providing Psychiatric and Psychological Treatments in Person and via Telehealth would be a much-needed service for nursing homes. This service would greatly assist the mental health of nursing home residents. The nursing home could better care for the full person, not just the physical body, if it included mental health treatments. Additionally, it would allow the nursing home to provide a service that is not accessible in many other regions.
The provision of Psychiatric and Psychological Services in person and via Telehealth would improve the nursing homes capacity to deliver complete care. This form of treatment is often disregarded in nursing homes since it is commonly considered that physical health takes precedence over mental health. However, mental health is vital, and providing mental health services would help to guarantee that the patients mental health is handled at the nursing home. In-person and telehealth psychiatric and psychological services would also help to reduce the stigma attached to mental health illnesses (Kaminska, 2020). By providing this service, the nursing home demonstrates its commitment to providing complete care that encompasses physical and emotional health. It would help to remove the stigma attached to mental health concerns and encourage more individuals to seek treatment.
Providing Psychiatric and Psychological Services in-person and through Telehealth would also be financially beneficial to the nursing home. This sort of service would draw more patients to the hospital since it would give a one-of-a-kind service that would not be accessible anywhere else. It would result in more cash for the nursing home, aiding its long-term viability. Offering psychiatric and psychological services in person and via telehealth would also benefit nursing home staff (Kaminska, 2020). The nursing home would give its employees the tools to properly care for their patients by offering mental health treatments. This would enhance the overall quality of care the nursing home provides, benefiting both the staff and the patients.
In-person and Telehealth Psychiatric and Psychological Services would also help the community. The nursing home would provide an essential service to the community by providing this sort of service since it would make mental health care more accessible. The stigma connected with mental health concerns, encouraging more individuals to seek care would lessen. Furthermore, the aforementioned services will ensure that patients in nursing homes receive the finest possible care (David, 2020). By offering this sort of service, the nursing home would be able to better address its patients mental health issues, resulting in improved results for them.
Furthermore, giving Psychiatric and Psychological Services in person and through Telehealth would be a significant step forward in providing full care for the nursing home. By providing this service, the nursing home demonstrates its commitment to providing complete care that encompasses physical and emotional health. Doing so would guarantee that the nursing home provides top-notch care to its residents.
Conclusion
Therefore, delivering Psychiatric and Psychological Services in person and through Telehealth is valuable for nursing homes. It would provide a one-of-a-kind service unavailable elsewhere, resulting in more patients and more money for the nursing home. It would also help to reduce the stigma attached to mental health illnesses, encouraging more people to seek treatment. Moreover, offering this service would give nursing home workers the resources to care for their patients adequately. Nevertheless, it would perform an important community service by making mental health treatment more accessible. Ultimately, this service would benefit the nursing home, its residents, and the community.
In the modern healthcare system, workplace bullying frequently affects freshly qualified nurses. The objectives of this study are to profoundly explore causes and outcomes, anti-bullying policies and others. The first step in combating nurse bullying is acknowledging the issue, increasing awareness, and developing a strict anti-bullying policy (Baldwin, 2017). Other objectives of the study consider the active shooter situations in healthcare facility. People are frequently startled into inaction when these situations happen (Atkinson, 2017). Therefore, following the specific actions plan can increase nurses and patients chances of survival.
Preparing for an active shooter
In an active shooter scenario, the most important thing to do is to take quick action and run, hide, or fight in that order. Every event is unique, and your course of action will depend on them and other factors like your distance from the shooter. Every effort is preferable to nothing, even if the choice is not optimal. Get away from the gunman wherever you can, and encourage others to do the same. Evaluate the exits and prepare an escape strategy. A stern Follow me or Gunshot! Get away! might be used to jolt spectators out of their complacency. Urge or assist others in escaping. However, it is essential to avoid being overtaken by anyone who decides not to follow and avoid attempting to move anyone injured (Atkinson, 2017). It is crucial to avoid making the hands visible while traveling and leave any personal belongings behind.
After individuals are in a secure area, it is wise to dial 911. The next course of action is to try to conceal somewhere where individuals will be hidden from the shooters vision if they are unable to flee the area. It is best to choose a place to hide, like behind a door or a piece of furniture, where everyone will be safe if gunfire is fired in their direction. It is crucial to enter a secluded room, lock the door, and block it off with large pieces of furniture. Fighting is the last choice if ones life is in grave danger. Acting aggressively toward the shooter will help individuals disorient or disable them. One can scream at them, throw objects at them, or even attempt to harm them with improvised weapons. Although it seems contradictory, if the shooter can be deterred or neutralized, there is a considerably better likelihood that one will survive if they cannot flee.
When law enforcement officials show up, cooperate with them. Their priority is to apprehend the shooter swiftly. They could come off as hostile because they are armed, might deploy tear gas or pepper spray, shout orders, and push individuals around (Titchen, 2017). Observe the officers directions and provide prompt responses to their inquiries. They need to know where the shooter(s) are, how many there are, and what kind of weapons, if any, are being used. Expect them to lead you or care for the injured; it is crucial to refrain from trying to acquire information from them. Lay down any items you might be holding in your hands, including purses and jackets, and then raise and maintain the visibility of your hands.
Responsibility for patients in an active shooter scenario
It is unfathomable to consider having a shooter on the loose in your place of business. For patients, families, and nursing staff, the idea of an active shooter situation at a medical facility is terrifying and distressing. The best procedures for responding to an active shooter, including recognizing the issue, alerting the excellent staff of the problem, and keeping themselves, patients, and visitors safe, must be taught to nurses if an active shooter event occurs at an acute care facility (The Joint Commission, 2014). The focus must be on expanding education to include security officer in-services on patient units, teaching nursing staff how to use emergency preparedness flipbooks customized for their teams, and participating in active shooter drills and simulations to better understand knowledge and confidence levels with an active shooter emergency.
Once it is safe to do so, injured patients can receive care. As a nurse, you might offer immediate bleeding control while you wait for emergency medical personnel to come and so save a life. Remember that after the shooter is down or taken into custody, the area becomes a crime scene, and nothing should be moved or handled besides aiding the injured. After receiving first care, casualties are typically transported to a central location for assembly, when a mass casualty strategy will be implemented (Hospital Employee Health; Atlanta, 2013). One can also assist by following ones knowledge, expertise, and talents. Every healthcare facility must have an emergency action plan, and most hold training sessions to prepare employees for crises. In the event of a fire or bomb threat, these drills frequently just involve evacuation procedures. Yet, the current circumstance also necessitates training staff members on what to anticipate and how to respond in an active shooter scenario. It is also possible to arrange for staff members to receive functional shooter readiness training from one of the several agencies.
Why bullying is a problem in nursing
The phenomenon of nurse bullying is well-documented in the leadership and clinical literature. It begins early and is present everywherein the boardroom, at the hospital, and in the classroom. According to one survey, 78% of nursing school students reported bullying during six months. In a different research, more than half of nursing students said they had witnessed or experienced bullying between nurses in clinical settings (Human Trafficking ELearning, 2018). 60% of nurses quit their first job within the first six months as a result of the actions of their coworkers (Human Trafficking ELearning, 2018).
Almost all care settings and units, from the patient floor to the executive suite, include nurse bullying. According to a 2018 survey, about 26% of nurses reported experiencing severe bullying on the workplace (Human Trafficking ELearning). It is crucial to recognize that some workplace cultures are more conducive to bullying than others, which raises the possibility that systemic improvements could lessen the adverse effects of bullying on nurses. Researchers proposed the following environmental factors as bullying causes among nurses (Evans Gartley, 2016).
Low Level of Leadership
When managers and supervisors instill fear and intimidation in their workers, they encourage similar actions. Under duress, nurses in management may develop a leadership style fashioned after poor bosses. (Evans Gartley, 2016).
Employee Disempowerment
Researchers who looked into bullying among nurses proposed that bullies appear in settings where managers feel helpless, such as when nurse supervisors encounter a lack of authority and a high degree of accountability (National Human Trafficking Resource Center).
Suggestions for a new nurse being bullied
A new Nurse can consider the following steps to deal with bullying. First, identify the negative issue in the company (Karatuna et al., 2020). Second, take a zero-tolerance stance against nurses who instigate or condone bullying which is setting clear expectations for the entire nursing team. Third, keep an eye on online environments and provide sanctions for rudeness in social media (Edmonson & Zelonka, 2019). Fourth, consider reports bullying carefully to the managers. In addition, leaders should be role models for teamwork and provide an excellent example of the cooperative behavior.
Further steps that will be vital to combat with bullying are: encourage communication between human resources and the nursing staff. It will be important to use a systematic approach to combat bullying as it happens and establish lines of communication between nurses, managers, and human resources personnel (Lee et al., 2022). Moreover, minimize workplace stressors that can be avoided, such as work overload, exhaustion, and burnout (Edmonson & Zelonka, 2019). Third, encourage counseling for mental health by urging those who have been bullied into getting therapy if necessary. In addition, speak about the responsibility of bystanders and explore the obligation of all workers to speak out if they perceive unacceptable behavior.
Your responsibility
When nurse managers get complaints of bullying, they must listen to the staff members account to thoroughly examine the issue and ascertain whether a bullying problem is present. Frontline managers should visit with the concerned employee after validating any malicious or benign bullying allegations. During the meeting, workers must be informed of their legal entitlement to representation from a union or another group. A bullied person may also get assistance and counsel from a doctor, psychologist, or attorney and access to leave for illness, workers compensation, or employment insurance. The managers can ask their immediate supervisors for information and problem-solving techniques.
Vaccines guard against infectious illnesses by boosting the immune systems capacity to identify and combat foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses. Some vaccines can provide lifetime protection from certain conditions and guarantee their safety. However, some vaccines cannot last as long as, eventually, their effect ends. The duration of vaccines depends on various factors, including the particular virus or bacteria being targeted and the type of vaccine being administered.
To understand why some vaccines provide lifetime protection and others do not, it is important to understand how the immune system works. The immune system comprises many cell types, such as B and T cells, which may identify foreign substances and make antibodies to combat them (Pollard & Bijker, 2021). For some types of antigens, the body can mount a strong immune response after just one exposure, meaning that a single dose of the vaccine may be enough to provide lifetime protection. These immunizations offer defense against rubella, measles, mumps, and polio, as well as some of the newer vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) (Pollard & Bijker, 2021). Other types of antigens, however, may not elicit a strong enough response from the immune system to provide lifetime protection.
These types of antigens require multiple vaccine doses to ensure long-term protection. Examples of these types of vaccines include those that protect against influenza, pertussis, and hepatitis A and B (Pollard & Bijker, 2021). In addition, some vaccines may not provide lifetime protection simply because the virus or bacteria can mutate over time. This is especially true for viruses, like the flu, that might alter from season to season. As a result, the vaccine may no longer be effective against the new strain, requiring a new vaccine to be regularly developed.
Finally, some vaccines may not offer lifetime protection because they do not completely protect against viruses or bacteria. For instance, the vaccine for HPV may protect against some strains but not all. In these cases, booster shots may be necessary to maintain protection.
In summary, by encouraging to recognize and battle foreign invaders, the immune system, vaccines protect against infectious illnesses, although some do not offer lifetime immunity for various reasons. Some vaccines provide lifetime protection, and others do not. This is due to various factors, including the particular virus being targeted, the vaccine is administered, the viruss ability to mutate over time, and the possibility of the vaccine providing complete protection.
The pharmaceutical sector plays a critical role in the healthcare system by developing and selling medications to treat various diseases and disorders. Thus, corruption may affect this sector just as much as any other. The pharmaceutical sectors corruption problem might severely impact quality care and population health. The FDAs viewpoint on corruption is complex and may not always be in patients or doctors best interests. Understanding their concerns and beliefs in this area is crucial to persuade the FDA to take a more active role in combating corruption in the pharmaceutical business. This essay uses the stasis theory to examine the FDAs stance on fraud as a crucial stakeholder in the business. The FDAs role and position on corruption in the pharmaceutical industry has become stagnant, and it should take a more proactive role in preventing misconduct within the sector.
Background on the FDA and Corruption in the Pharmaceutical Industry
To safeguard public health, FDA oversees the production, distribution, and control of medical devices, food, pharmaceuticals, and other healthcare items. The organization can enforce regulations on the safety and efficacy of these items and works under the Health and Human Services docket (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). Even though it plays a crucial role, the FDA has been accused of not doing enough to combat corruption in the sector.
Several corruption-related cases have affected FDA, and it has not dealt with them appropriately. Bribery, vested interests, and fake clinical studies are corruption problems plaguing the pharmaceutical business for years (White). Patient safety, public faith in the health service, and healthcare expenses are all negatively impacted by corruption. With so much money to be made in the pharmaceutical sector, some worry that profits will take precedence over human safety. The FDA believes that sector self-regulation is enough and that the agencys time and energy are better spent assessing the safety and effectiveness of medications. However, this wrong perception helps intensify corruption within the sector.
FDAs Stasis on Corruption in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Using the rhetorical strategy of stasis theory may better comprehend the FDAs stance on corruption in the pharmaceutical business. Examining FDAs stasis may infer their priorities, beliefs, and worldview, allowing them to craft an argument that more actively involves their problems. The FDA may be resistive or indifferent to some arguments regarding corruption. However, the stasis theory may help identify these areas and provide ways for persuading them to become more engaged in combating corruption in the sector. The FDA has made it clear that it is more interested in assessing the safety and effectiveness of pharmaceuticals than in regulating the business (Light et al. 593). The agency has said it would pursue enforcement action against corrupt firms using existing laws, including the False Claims Act and the Anti-Kickback Statute. The FDA should be more aggressive in avoiding corruption in the sector, and the current restrictions arent adequate.
The FDAs strong ties with the pharmaceutical sector are another contributing cause to the agencys stasis. The FDA cannot fulfill its mission because it depends on money from the pharmaceutical and food industries (White). It has raised questions about the FDAs impartiality when examining pharmaceuticals and medical devices because of potential conflicts of interest. The FDA has been criticized for not being independent enough from the industries it supervises and for failing to disclose its connections with the industry. Calls for more monitoring and openness have resulted from the FDAs inability to effectively combat corruption in the pharmaceutical business due to a lack of personnel and a dependence on sector self-regulation.
Proposal to Persuade the FDA
Several recommendations can be made to FDA to help combat corruption in the sector. Stressing the potential damage that corruption may do to patients and the health system is crucial for persuading the FDA to become more proactive in avoiding corruption in the pharmaceutical sector (Akomea-Frimpong and Andoh 339). The argument may be phrased to speak to the FDAs concerns and values by drawing on stasis theory. The agencys principal aim is to safeguard public health. Therefore, highlighting corruptions adverse impact on human safety, such as the dangers connected with fake clinical studies or the possibility of hazardous pharmaceuticals reaching the market, may help combat the problem.
A further appeal to the FDAs feeling of responsibility to safeguard the public interest might be made by stressing the significance of avoiding corruption. The public and the government should advocate for transparency and accountability in FDAs activities (Lexchin et al. 4). The implications of corruption in the pharmaceutical sector include higher healthcare expenditures and lower public confidence in the healthcare system. The prowould better serve its objective by becoming more involved in combating corruption in the health system. It is possible to convince the FDA to act against corruption in the pharmaceutical sector if the case is framed in a manner that considers the agencys interests and principles.
Addressing the incompetency of self-regulation is crucial for persuading the FDA to play a more aggressive role in avoiding misconduct in the pharmaceutical business. It should be more transparent, accountable and involve the public in their corruption decisions (Lexchin et al. 6). The approach might appeal to the FDAs value of evidence-based decision-making by presenting proof of the inability of self-regulation, such as the numerous examples of corruption in the sector. The FDA should communicate with its citizens and the relevant stakeholders in the areas where there is corruption to increase public trust. Preventing corruption by preemptive measures is an important message that may reverberate across the agency.
Previous arguments made to the FDA regarding corruption in the pharmaceutical industry have included emphasizing the need for more stringent regulations and the negative impact of corruption on patients and the industrys reputation. However, these arguments have been ineffective in persuading the FDA as it is funded by some companies it regulates (White). In avoiding these ineffective arguments, the proposed strategy emphasizes the importance of preventing corruption and highlights the failure of self-regulation. The evidence selected to support this argument includes examples of successful regulatory efforts in other countries and data on the negative impact of corruption on healthcare costs and public trust in the healthcare system. The FDA will be persuaded by this evidence thanks to the use of simple language and visual aids.
Conclusion
In conclusion, knowing the FDAs current system, values, and problems is crucial for convincing the agency to play a more proactive role in avoiding bribery in the pharmaceutical business. A compelling case can be made by using stasis theory as a framework and customizing the strategy to appeal to the FDAs mandate to safeguard the publics health. The significance of preventing corruption, the inadequacy of self-regulation, and the necessity of setting the standard for regulatory excellence must be stressed. Corruption may adversely affect society, including higher healthcare expenditures and less public confidence in the system, which are detrimental to patients and the healthcare industry. Ultimately, encouraging the FDA to address fraud in the pharmaceutical business is crucial to improving healthcare for the public. The FDA can help guarantee that people continue to have faith in the healthcare system and that they will get safe and effective treatments by adopting efforts to reduce the likelihood of corruption.
Healthcare and nursing require innovation in response to the external environment because of the increasing demands of quality care, access to care, and cost containment. The external healthcare environment is constantly changing, including technological advancements, demographic changes, and evolving healthcare policies, which require innovative solutions to meet the needs of patients and stakeholders. Innovation in nursing care has been associated with improved patient outcomes and reduced care costs. Therefore, nursing leaders must respond to cost, quality, and access issues to develop a cost-based answer for innovation.
Nursing leaders should approach their examination of evidence-based care that leads them to innovation by following a systematic approach. They should thoroughly review the literature to identify evidence-based practices that have successfully improved patient outcomes and reduced costs. This information can be used to guide the development of innovative programs of care that are evidence-based and cost-effective (Newby et al., 2020). Nursing leaders should also involve stakeholders in the innovation process, including patients, healthcare providers, and healthcare administrators, to ensure that the program meets the needs of all stakeholders.
The nurses role in selling the need for innovation to senior healthcare leadership is crucial in the development of innovative, cost-effective care programs. Nurses are at the frontline of patient care and uniquely positioned to identify areas where innovation is needed to improve patient outcomes and reduce costs (Weberg & Davidson, 2019). Therefore, nursing leaders should involve nurses in creating and empowering them to share their ideas with senior healthcare leadership. Nurses can provide valuable insights into the feasibility and potential impact of innovative care programs. By involving nurses in the innovation process, healthcare leaders can ensure that the program is practical and feasible in the clinical setting.
In conclusion, nursing leaders play a crucial role in the development of innovative, cost-effective programs of care. Healthcare and nursing require innovation in response to the external environment of healthcare, including technological advancements, demographic changes, and evolving healthcare policies. Nursing leaders should approach their examination of evidence-based care that leads them to innovation by following a systematic approach, involving stakeholders, and empowering nurses. By developing innovative, cost-effective care programs, nursing leaders can improve patient outcomes and reduce the cost of care.
Dental hygiene remains one of the crucial parts of self-care due to its impact on the overall health status. Apart from allowing the prevention of dental issues such as cavities and gum disease, it helps avoid a range of health issues observed within other body systems, including cardiovascular and respiratory ones (Oh et al., 2022). Among some of the most effective innovative solutions for dental hygiene, guided biofilm therapy (GBT) should eb included into the range of options along with the traditional self-care options. Due to its focus on patient education along with the introduction of an innovative solution for tooth decay prevention, GBT must be seen as a crucial dental hygiene strategy.
Relevance
The current approach toward promoting dental hygiene can be considered insufficiently effective since dental health concern and problems maintaining dental hygiene have become prevalent among general audiences. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2023), 13.2% of children, 25.9% of young adults, and 25.3% of older adults suffer from untreated dental issues, mostly caries. Being a direct effect of poor dental hygiene, the specified outcome could be addressed by introducing the innovative solution of GBT (Shrivastava et al., 2021). However, due to the lack of awareness regarding the subject matter among general audiences and the absence of patient education guidelines for dental nurses and other healthcare experts, GBT remains an obscure concept. By promoting the subject matter to the broader audience, one will be able to address the current concerns regarding dental health. This study seeks to answer the questions of what the advantages and disadvantages of GBT are and how it can be integrated into the current dental care framework.
The development of dental biofilm is known to have a profoundly detrimental effect on teeth. The accumulation of biofilm, also known as the dental plaque, implies the emergence and active development of oral microbiome on teeth (Scannapieco & DongariBagtzoglou, 2021). The consistent presence of tooth-borne microbial biofilms in a patients mouth is likely to entail dental health issues such as gingivitis and periodontitis (Scannapieco & DongariBagtzoglou, 2021). The described health issues are caused by the commensal microbiota, particularly, viruses and fungi, since they affect the levels of pH in a patients mouth and, therefore, contribute to the emergence of pathogens within the specified area (Scannapieco & DongariBagtzoglou, 2021). When left uncontrolled, the specified process leads to the emerging bacteria and fungi being transferred to the gastrointestinal system, the bloodstream, and the further parts of the patients body, causing massive adverse effects.
PICO
In adult patients (P), does the introduction of GBT (I) allow for improved dental hygiene outcomes (O) compared to the traditional methods of raising patient awareness and maintaining dental hygiene (C)?
Results of Literature
Apart from the direct negative effect that biofilm development has on the patient body, the absence of proper health awareness and the relevant skills for maintaining oral hygiene in most patients exacerbates the concern. As a result, the number and extent of health risks increases exponentially (Shrivastava et al., 2021). The integration of GBT as a combination of patient education and active promotion of innovative dental health solutions should be regarded as a vital strategy in addressing the problem of poor dental health literacy and the risks of biofilm development. GBT is defined as the new regimen where there is a sequential removal of plaque and calculus by initially detecting it with a disclosing agent followed by the usage of air abrasive powder for the removal of plaque and stains (Shrivastava et al., 2021, p. 1969). The proposed framework is expected to produce better outcomes compared to traditional methods of biofilm removal since it introduces consistency in managing dental health (Shrivastava et al., 2021). Therefore, GBT should eb seen as an important framework for addressing the outlined concern. The study by Shrivastava et al., (2021) supporting the specified solution can be considered as credible and viable as source of reference for supporting the introduction of GBT, having a sufficiently robust methodological framework and a substantial sample size representative of the target population.
Typically, GBT consists of eight steps that allow identifying the extent of the problem, determining the intensity of the required procedure, implementing it in a controlled manner, and evaluating the outcomes to introduce consistency. As Figure 1 below demonstrates, the proposed solution allows patients to benefit from the consistency and the cyclical nature of the dental healthcare framework (Shrivastava et al., 2021). As a result, the efficacy of care remains high due to the active reiteration of key steps and the emphasis on preventing biofilm development.
Figure 1. GBT Steps
The integration of GBT has been proven to lead to significant improvements in patient dental health, primarily, due to the cyclical nature of care and the focus on patient education. Specifically, the study by Shrivastava et al. (2021) reports that the GBT integration into dental care contributes to active prevention of caries and similar health concerns (Shrivastava et al., 2021). The credibility of the specified research results can be confirmed by high levels of external and internal validity of the research (Shrivastava et al., 2021). Therefore, the incorporation of the proposed technique can be considered an essential addition to the existing framework.
In addition, the proposed approach creates ample possibilities for the further promotion of patient education regarding dental care and oral hygiene. Namely, the recurrent nature of the specified approach to dental care coupled with the active focus on nurse-patient communication opens a plethora of options for educating patients and instructing them on the use of proper dental self-care solutions. The research conducted on the subject matter has not revealed any major biases what could potentially lead to questioning the veracity and legitimacy of the outcomes. While the sample size might be regarded as slightly small in some studies, and the approach to sampling could be regarded as not fully representative of the entire range of the target audience, the overall conclusions are strong., furthermore, the provided insights into the integration of GBT into dental hygiene can be extrapolated onto other types of demographic and clinical contexts, which makes the specified research particularly important.
The opportunity to prevent dental biofilm from forming and affecting the teeth, the digestive system, and other systems of the body is central to ensuring patients well-being., Studies demonstrate that the failure to introduce an effective framework for preventing biofilm from developing lead to drastic consequences (Scannapieco & DongariBagtzoglou, 2021). In addition to common issues such as caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis, the emergence of biofilm and the progression of microbiomes impact on the patients oral cavity is likely to cause a personalized pathology that will take a substantial time to identify and address accordingly due to the unique nature of each health issue, such as dysbiosis chronic disease (Scannapieco & DongariBagtzoglou, 2021). Therefore, the incorporation of the GBT technique, which allows not only removing the plaque from the patients mouth but also preventing its further formation, should be interpreted as the most effective solution. Specifically, the GBT framework should be integrated into the current dental health management approach and supported by active patient education. Represented by a strong methodological framework, the study that supports the specified solution should be seen as highly credible and, therefore, worth being integrated into the range of evidence concerning the effects of GBT on dental hygiene and dental health.
The opportunity to incorporate innovative technological solutions into the process of improving dental hygiene in patients is another undeniable advantage of the GBT approach. Specifically, the research by Vouros et al. (2022) states that GBT creates premises for incorporating ultrasonic piezo instrumentation, which has proven to produce an especially positive effect on the quality of biofilm removal. The study in question has been published in a peer-reviewed journal and features a credible methodology, which confirms the legitimacy of the assumptions made by tits authors. Though the paper by Vouros et al. (2021) could be criticized for its comparatively low sample size (24 and 26 participants in groups A and B correspondingly), the overall credibility of the study results should be regarded as high due to the effective methodological framework.
Finally, one must mention that the integration of the GBT approach allows minimizing the effects of biofilm development on the performance of other systems within the patients body. Indeed, studies confirm that the presence and active development of microbiota in a patients mouth, particularly, on the teeth and in dental cavities, causes the emergence of opportunistic pathogens (Oh et al., 2022; Tzoutzas et al., 2022). The research under analysis also deserves thorough consideration due to the thoroughness of the methodological approach and the credibility and significance of the results.
Given the current plethora of evidence concerning the efficacy and legitimacy of applying the GBT framework as an approach for improving dental hygiene in general audiences, the proposed tool must be actively incorporated into the current dental health framework. Coupled with patient education on the issue of maintaining dental health, performing the necessary self-care procedures, and addressing dental health experts regularly, the proposed solution will lad to a significant improvement in dental hygiene rates. Consequently, other health issues typically caused by poor dental hygiene, such as gastrointestinal concerns, will be successfully avoided. Therefore, the integration of the proposed GBT framework into the existing strategies for managing dental health and dental hygiene must be seen as a necessity.
Conclusion
Since GBT combines an innovative approach to preventing tooth decay with the help of a combination of patient education and innovative solutions in the form of a single-cell-organism protection, it should be actively promoted. The specified approach has been proven to produce an exceptionally positive impact on patients and lead to a fast improvement in both dental health and the overall health rate in patients. With the focus on active patient-nurse communication and the promotion of dental health literacy in the target population. GBT will become an incredibly effective tool for tooth decay and gum disease prevention for patients of all ages.
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Oral and Dental Health. CDC.gov. Web.
Currently, lobbyists or advocates are significantly influencing the changes and developments made on health systems across the world. Mainly, nurses are contributing significantly to the development of health policies through their political actions (Catallo, Cristina, Spalding and Haghiri-Vijeh 1). Politically, nurses pursue policies that promote the provision of quality health care services and in particular which uphold the safety of patients as well as the access to needed resources. This essay paper reviews lobbyists and advocates: their definitions, similarities and differences, importance, and, the manner in which World Health Organization (WHO) lobby or advocate for health care policy.
A lobbyist is an individual who represents the special interests or concerns of a particular group or organization through meetings with lawmakers (Mason et al. 391). Notably, many lobbyists are former members of staff or elected officials who have expertise in the legislative process or a particular area. Therefore, lobbyists have experience in aspects of policy or political process. On the other hand, an advocate is an individual who pleads for another (Mason et al. 391). In the nursing field, nurses advocate for healthier neighborhoods and the nursing profession itself through education and appeal to government policymakers and legislators to promote safe workplaces for nurses and safeguard the nursing scope of practice.
Lobbyists and advocates have both similarities and differences. On similarities, both lobbyists and advocates represent the concerns and special interests of certain groups or organizations (Mason et al. 30). For instance, lobbyists and advocates work with members of the community to enhance the welfare of people by influencing issues, systems, and policies. On differences, lobbyists are paid to advocate for the interests of their employers, while advocates are not paid for their activities (Mason et al. 391). Again, lobbyists spend most of their time lobbying because of the associated financial gain, while advocates spend most of their time doing something else. Further, lobbyist activities are legally bound. Notably, the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 and the Honest Leadership and Government Act of 2007 control lobbyists activities by mandating them to release the information relating to their activities, contributions, and expenses (Mason et al. 391). Considerably, the law does not control advocate activities.
WHO is an international organization under the United Nations (UN). The primary goal of WHO is to offer people across the globe the best achievable level of health. Mainly, WHO provides policy options to numerous countries for the development of health initiatives and priorities; however, its policies act as guidelines and not law (World Health Organization [WHO] par. 2). As a lobby or advocate for health care policy, WHO collaborates with its member states and coordinates their effort in promoting their respective health policies and programs. Notably, it provides them with current information about the occurrence of international diseases (WHO par. 3). Besides, the organization and publishes the respective cases of diseases, injuries, and deaths based on research. Additionally, WHO establishes the global standards of vaccines and antibiotics and monitors the adverse effects of drugs.
In conclusion, lobbyists and advocates are essential in influencing health policies through political actions. Although advocates are not paid like lobbyists, both pursue the special interests of particular groups and organizations. In health care, they advocate for healthier neighborhoods and appeal to government legislators and policymakers to implement appropriate health systems. Globally, WHO promotes the health of people in the world through the provision of necessary information and coordination of the countrys health initiatives and programs. Overall, lobbyists and advocates promote the health of people across the globe.
Works Cited
Catallo, Cristina, Karen Spalding and Roya Haghiri-Vijeh. Nursing Professional Organizations: What Are They Doing to Engage Nurses in Health Policy? Sage Open, 2014, 1-9. Print.
Mason, Diana J., Deborah B. Gardner, Freida Hopkins Outlaw and Eileen T. OGrady. Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care. 7th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier, 2015. Print.
World Health Organization (WHO). About WHO. WHO Online, 2016. Web.
