The research paper investigates the ability of data warehouses projects to meet business requirements. Warehouses are considered to be the complete failed business affairs in most cases. The two different approaches are used to analyze the business objectives: organizational and decisional modeling.
There are three explanations for the projects being unsuccessful. The first one is that the warehousing projects are usually long-termed ones; hence, it is hard to forecast the future business requirements. The second reason is that the information data are communicated poorly across large companies, and jealously guarded by managers (Giorgini et al., p.4). The third reason is that the information needed cannot be extracted timely, hence the decisions are taken without the necessary data.
The approaches to data warehousing design are Supply-driven (also called data-driven), and Demand-driven (or requirement-driven). The first approach is efficient and feasible, besides, the data can drawn easily since the information is available.
GRAnD stands for Goal-oriented Requirement Analysis for Data warehouses is implemented by focusing on software engineering that is considered early requirements. GRAnD proposes two perspectives of analysis of requirements for data warehousing: organizational modeling (the foremost importance of which are stakeholders) and decisional modeling (refers to decision makers responsibilities).
Interestingly, the data-oriented and the goal-oriented approaches can substitute each other as well as they can work in parallel together to achieve perfectness in design.
As per Tropos in the data warehousing context, it requires some new perspectives and technologies to be applied: facts. Attributes, dimensions, and measures. It is important to mention that the organizational modeling consists of three levels (phases): goal analysis, facts analysis, and attributes analysis. The goal analysis focuses on summarizing the data about stakeholders. It can be presented in various templates, one of which may contain: main actor, sub-actor, and dependencies; then the analysis of each actors goals in more detail is carried out. The attributes analysis is the one that gathers the main features that represent importance when facts are being fixed documentarily.
Decisional modeling is an approach that cares much about the role of decision-makers in the company. It is vitally important since it supports the analysis of facts that investigate the decision-makers aims.
In the research paper under consideration, the goal-oriented methodology for requirement analysis in DWs is presented. It can be applied successfully to demand-driven and mixed demand-driven design projects. Other approaches offered by contemporary literature are not able to provide efficient techniques to reflect users goals to design models.
The discussed methodology was successfully applied to the driving banks case study. The user experience with applying the methodology brought fruitful results and helped understand better and validate the approach suggested in the research paper. This can serve as a stable ground to claim that the approach is worth using and will get the highest appraisal of users with high-level goals to design models.
Works Cited
Giorgini, Paolo., Rizzi, Stefano., Garzetti, Maddalena. GRAnD: A goal-oriented approach to requirement analysis in data warehouses. Decision Support Systems 45 (2008) 421.
By attending an information security program, one has the opportunity to achieve a variety of professional development goals. However, I have identified three main aspects for myself that will help me to implement effective skill development. Primarily, I hope to expand my professional network. It will open up new perspectives, as there will be further opportunities to access those processes that one did not think about before. In addition, professional networking contributes to the rapid exchange of information, meeting challenges, and practical development in various fields.
The next important goal of professional development is to strengthen credentials. It is necessary for several basic aspects of information infrastructure and other areas. First of all, it allows one to have easy access to essential data, depending on the area that is required. In addition, strengthened credentials encourage reorganization and effective grouping of information, which is vital in terms of working with data arrays. Furthermore, the most crucial feature of developed credentials is enhanced data security. It is formulated by improved information access procedures and advanced security systems.
Finally, the information security program will allow me to take up leadership responsibility. It is essential not only in the aspect of work, cooperation, and organization but also in life. Developed leadership allows one to take responsibility for larger projects but at the same time have more significant development opportunities. It promotes gathering confederative people and followers around one, which, in turn, contributes to the more effective achievement of goals. Finally, it develops strategic thinking and the ability to anticipate events and consequences. This skill can be helpful in turning the problems that have arisen in ones favor and transforming them into opportunities.
Most people may accept and adapt to AI monitoring their health and shopping habits in the upcoming years. It, however, raises concerns about privacy and the potential for abuse of individuals data, even if AI methods are used to identify people who wish to remain anonymous. Using publicly available information to infer and generate personal information about individuals and then making decisions may have far-reaching consequences for those individuals. It can cause future harm, particularly to the most vulnerable members of society. If the AI technology has clear goals in the narrow sense of exhibiting goal-oriented behavior, such as predicting cigarette purchases and fast-food consumption increases to warn the respective individual, this will be acceptable.
Discussion
Laws intended to protect our way of life should evolve in response to the advent of AI technology. People will have an easier time going about their daily lives due to the new laws, which will significantly impact their quality of life. It will give people the tools to adapt to a constantly changing and complicated world without stress. AI will reduce human error in various fields, including transportation, industry, healthcare, and others (Neapolitan, 2018). Respondents are optimistic that AI will help to improve and enhance their daily lives. AI technology will save time and lives in various ways, including improved health, risk reduction, and poverty reduction. Developing AI laws improves peoples lives by encouraging creativity and broadening horizons, increasing the value of interpersonal interactions, augmenting human potential, and increasing peoples sense of purpose.
One of the most important laws I will enact to protect consumer data requires open data collection. Businesses must be open and honest with their customers about what personal information is being collected and why (Lippi et al., 2020). In addition, I would pass legislation requiring accurate and timely credit reporting. The accuracy of a persons credit report is critical because it is used to determine interest rates on loans and credit cards.
Conclusion
As a result, the law would restrict access to consumers credit reports and prohibit lenders from providing inaccurate information. Consumer data protection is critical, and these two laws would provide it.
References
Lippi, M., Contissa, G., Jablonowska, A., Lagioia, F., Micklitz, H.-W., Palka, P., Sartor, G., & Torroni, P. (2020). The force awakens: Artificial intelligence for consumer law. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 67, 169190. Web.
Neapolitan, R. E. (2018). Contemporary Artificial Intelligence (2nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Chapman and Hall.
The research paper investigates the ability of data warehouses projects to meet business requirements. Warehouses are considered to be the complete failed business affairs in most cases. The two different approaches are used to analyze the business objectives: organizational and decisional modeling.
There are three explanations for the projects being unsuccessful. The first one is that the warehousing projects are usually long-termed ones; hence, it is hard to forecast the future business requirements. The second reason is that the information data are communicated poorly across large companies, and jealously guarded by managers (Giorgini et al., p.4). The third reason is that the information needed cannot be extracted timely, hence the decisions are taken without the necessary data.
The approaches to data warehousing design are Supply-driven (also called data-driven), and Demand-driven (or requirement-driven). The first approach is efficient and feasible, besides, the data can drawn easily since the information is available.
GRAnD stands for Goal-oriented Requirement Analysis for Data warehouses is implemented by focusing on software engineering that is considered early requirements. GRAnD proposes two perspectives of analysis of requirements for data warehousing: organizational modeling (the foremost importance of which are stakeholders) and decisional modeling (refers to decision makers responsibilities).
Interestingly, the data-oriented and the goal-oriented approaches can substitute each other as well as they can work in parallel together to achieve perfectness in design.
As per Tropos in the data warehousing context, it requires some new perspectives and technologies to be applied: facts. Attributes, dimensions, and measures. It is important to mention that the organizational modeling consists of three levels (phases): goal analysis, facts analysis, and attributes analysis. The goal analysis focuses on summarizing the data about stakeholders. It can be presented in various templates, one of which may contain: main actor, sub-actor, and dependencies; then the analysis of each actors goals in more detail is carried out. The attributes analysis is the one that gathers the main features that represent importance when facts are being fixed documentarily.
Decisional modeling is an approach that cares much about the role of decision-makers in the company. It is vitally important since it supports the analysis of facts that investigate the decision-makers aims.
In the research paper under consideration, the goal-oriented methodology for requirement analysis in DWs is presented. It can be applied successfully to demand-driven and mixed demand-driven design projects. Other approaches offered by contemporary literature are not able to provide efficient techniques to reflect users goals to design models.
The discussed methodology was successfully applied to the driving banks case study. The user experience with applying the methodology brought fruitful results and helped understand better and validate the approach suggested in the research paper. This can serve as a stable ground to claim that the approach is worth using and will get the highest appraisal of users with high-level goals to design models.
Works Cited
Giorgini, Paolo., Rizzi, Stefano., Garzetti, Maddalena. GRAnD: A goal-oriented approach to requirement analysis in data warehouses. Decision Support Systems 45 (2008) 421.
Believe in something, even if it means sacrificing everything. The author of this statement is Colin Copernicus, the soccer player who refused to stand for the U.S. national anthem and became the face of the Nike campaign (Oldiges). This phrase is traced to the truth on which the attainment of the heights and goals set by man is based. Everyone believes in something and holds to some belief of their own. Many people give up on their dreams, needing more confidence in their power and the possibility of their desires being realized. Some stop halfway, while others give up immediately without even trying. That is why it is very important to have faith in the fulfillment of the goal, even if, for the sake of it will have to sacrifice everything.
Many people lack faith in their strength, faith in themselves. The roots of this problem often go back to childhood, when parents and adults scold children more often than they praise them (Chairilsyah). People are aware of their nature, not remembering their disposition and resigning themselves to the fact that they are worthy of little and nothing. Many succumb to the influence of an environment that assures them that the goal set is meaningless and not worth the effort. Sacrifice can be defined as removing a persons surroundings that do not believe in achieving their goal. Most people cling to such a circle of fellowship because, in most cases, they have low self-esteem and a weak character. Only the strong character can give up an environment that drags them down rather than encourages them.
On the way to many goals, fate can prepare obstacles that will help a person develop character and become truly worthy of the result. All good things are difficult to achieve, so it is necessary to be prepared for difficulties. By completely rethinking his values, a person will conclude that what was important to him before no longer has such importance. This is why people who have reached certain heights have few friends.
People have to sacrifice something on the way to true success. A common misconception held by many entrepreneurs who believe that they can get a good nights sleep is that they need to work all the time. They need to work hard, but only for a certain time. Successful people reinvest their free time in learning new skills and becoming more productive (Christensen et al.). It is necessary to allocate free time so that a person can live in prosperity and happiness in the future. This quote can be seen as a sacrifice of free time. Many people are used to spending their free time at parties and watching soap operas. This pastime has a place only if it takes up only some of the persons free time. It is necessary to be prepared for the fact that the usual pastime will have to be sacrificed because achieving goals requires complete concentration on them.
From this follows a possible negative side of the statement. Many may take it too literally and, instead of improving their lives, may become even more miserable. Life values such as loving family, friends, and health are very important. This is why rich people can be unhappy: they have sacrificed too much. If a family loves a person, it will only help and motivate them. Health plays a very important role because no result will bring true pleasure if a person has used up his main energy resource.
Thus, sacrifice on the road to success is necessary and unavoidable, but it must be done carefully and deliberately. After all, it is not material values that bring real happiness but spiritual values. It is important to remember that by giving up something, a person can complicate his path and lose the motivation to achieve his goals. At the end of the journey, a person should have someone with whom to share the joy and pleasure of the goal achieved.
Works Cited
Chairilsyah, Daviq. Strategy to Overcome the Problem of Children Who Like to Show Off. Raudhatul Athfal: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini 3.2 (2019): 99-111.
Christensen, Lisa, Jake Gittleson, and Matt Smith. The most fundamental skill: Intentional learning and the career advantage. McKinsey Accelerate. McKinsey & Company 2020.
Oldiges, Julia. Believe in something, even if it means sacrificing everything (Colin Kaepernick): a case study analysis on modern civil resistance movements in the United States. MS thesis. University of Twente, 2020.
First of all, I would like to start with the fact that people, as phenomena, have always attracted me, and also aroused a desire to help, if necessary. I know that the Lord watches over everyone and strives to choose his own path for everyone. This can be seen in my own example, as I spent the first half of my life in search of myself and my recognition. Finally, it is thanks to Jesus that I have come to where I belong. I wouldnt be the person I am today if I hadnt gone through all the experiences Ive had in my entire life. There is no greater satisfaction when you see how a light bulb lights up in the head of a drug addict or alcoholic when he realizes that it is impossible to live like this. Separately, it is worth highlighting my interest in communication and interaction with others, which is noticeable in my hobbies. Sports such as baseball or football have always attracted me, not only because of the competitive nature, but also because of the opportunity to observe and communicate with other individuals, getting to know them better.
Previous Social Work Experience
I have been in addiction counseling and therapy for over 7 years. I have a strong connection to the 12-Step Addiction Abstinence Program that has helped millions of people stay sober and recover. My model of care focuses on meeting the medical, biopsychosocial and spiritual needs of individuals and families affected by addiction. I value research-based and evidence-based healing interventions that integrate sciences such as medicine, therapy and spirituality. I am a strong believer in psychosocial interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing. I value abstinence from all addictive drugs as an optimal component of wellness and lifelong recovery.
Strengths and Growth Opportunities
It is necessary to highlight the strengths that I have as a social worker. First of all, poise and love for ones work help to communicate with any individual as efficiently as possible. The fact is that drug addicts and alcoholics are often not aware of their problems, and may also behave incorrectly, perhaps due to their position. Many people get mad because they dont have the patience, experience, or knowledge about addiction and its treatment. However, there was no situation in which I would condemn or refuse to help someone in need. It is the love of work that gives rise to a specific goal, changing a person, instilling in him new values and worldview. However, I feel a lack of special knowledge and skills that education could give me. It is thanks to this additional academic toolkit that my work would become several times more effective. Finally, thanks to my advanced skills, I will be able to work with more complex examples, as well as help more people in need.
Reflection on Self and Social Work Values
Values and Inspiration
I know that social work has its own values, and its a plus that they fit with mine. First of all, it is about mutual respect and equality of all people (Reisch, 2020). This means that for me the age, orientation, gender and race of a particular individual does not matter, but only a specific problem matters. At the same time, I am aware that it is necessary to respect any individual preferences of people, from religion to dietary preferences. This is what inspires me, because I see how many people are truly unique, different from each other and this creates interest. However, they are united and gnawed by certain problems that they need to be rid of. So what inspires me the most is the idea of preserving the uniqueness of different people.
Prejudice
Society is predisposed to prejudices and stereotypes, but any professional must be objective in his field. Social work is no exception, so any prejudice must be removed. This will only interfere, reducing efficiency, discouraging the desire to fulfill professional duty (Reisch, 2020). Realizing this, I can confidently emphasize that I have no prejudice, as I profess the respect and equality of all people. At the same time, I am careful about any means of self-expression, because the uniqueness of the individual is one of the most valuable things that a person has.
Higher Education
Life Adaptation to Stress
It is important to emphasize that postgraduate studies take a lot of time and work, so it makes sense to reconsider your lifestyle and plans in order to combine it as efficiently as possible. First things first, I want to point out that I got my lawn management degree from ABAC in Tifton, Georgia, then came back home and got my bachelors degree in agronomy from the University of Georgia. Thus, I already have teaching experience, and I understand how to compile different areas of life. The main priority for me is to get an education that will improve both my qualifications and open up new professional opportunities. That is why my hobbies can be transferred to weekends and not interfere with the educational process.
Success Plan
It is important to note that my main goal is to obtain high-quality knowledge, therefore I have a ready-made strategy for an objective assessment of my academic success. In addition to the classic grades for exams and assignments, I plan to practically apply any learned material in order to improve the quality of my services. It is the comparison of the results of my help to people that will be the main tool for identifying the degree of success of my training. This will also allow timely detection of shortcomings and problems that should be eliminated.
Reference
Reisch, M. (2020). Social work ethics in a changing society. Cognella, Invroporated.
Many organizations that are involved in work with people with various disabilities. Watchman (2017) states that there is an increase in life expectancy over the past 50 years for people with an intellectual disability (p. 11). One reason for this improvement is the work of the organizations mentioned above. In particular, The Arc Mid-South is a charitable organization dedicated to helping people with disabilities in improving their lives.
Employees and volunteers of the organization are making events, communicating with people, and providing any available help to those who are in a difficult situation. The Arc Mid-South was founded in 1950 and has worked with a vast number of people. Only in 2018 alone, they helped more than 250 people. The purpose of this paper is to describe the strategic plan of the organization and its relationship with their mission, goals and objectives.
Strategy
All activities of the organization are aimed primarily at the work with people who has physical and intellectual disabilities. As part of this setup, The Arc Mid-South is developing in the following areas: support groups, advocacy, family support, referrals, education, summer and weekend camps, career, and others. For the functioning of each of these areas of the organization, they need volunteers who are willing to take on specific tasks. Also, The Arc Mid-South organizes fundraising to have a livelihood and development: they are continually looking for new donators. Some of them are Community Foundation, FedEx, Cummins, International Paper, Assisi Foundation, TN Council of Developmental Disabilities, and others.
Mission
The organizations mission is empowering individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities to achieve their full potential ( Our Mission, 2020, para. 1). Although many organizations deal with this issue, they are still not enough. However, it is thanks to them that a significant part of humanity has the opportunity to be full-fledged participants of society. It is also worth noting that The Arc Mis-South not only allows people with disabilities to live a healthy life but also achieve significant success. In the course of communication with these people, volunteers reveal their strengths: mental abilities, creative talents, character traits. Thanks to this, the life of everyone who comes to The Arc Mid-South becomes much more fulfilling, exciting, and full of meaning.
Goals
Currently, the organization has several goals; one of the main ones is to attract new funds that will allow them to function and develop. This process is ongoing and usually successful because the organization has been operating for 70 years already. Another goal is the search for new volunteers because they are always necessary and are precious employees. The Arc Mid-South is also developing new activities for those who come there to be even more productive and useful for people with disabilities.
Conclusion
Thus, The Arc Mid-South is a harmoniously developing organization that works for the benefit of society. It follows its mission, which is to help people and develop their potential. Based on this mission, The Arc Mid-South developed a strategic plan for further development, following which they can achieve even greater success. The organization has specific goals, the achievement of which also helps to realize its mission and improve the lives of people with disabilities. It is through such a clear understanding of their functions and needs that The Arc Mid-South has been operating successfully for many years.
References
Our Mission. (2020). Web.
Watchman, K. (2017). Intellectual disabilities and dementia: a guide for families. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Animal rights are the protection of animals against suffering and promoting initiatives that are aimed at promoting or improving their wellbeing.
In the world, there are two kinds of ideology in regards to animal rights. There are those individuals who believe that animals should be protected while the other school of thought believes that animals should be given rights for their wellbeing. The animal rights campaigners want stronger legislation to be adopted in order to prevent the inhumane treatment of animals (Tracy, pg 4).
The animal rights advocates prohibit all the use of animals in any way; they strongly believe that animals should be treated as an end and not a means towards achieving an end. The animal rights advocates push for the ban on the current misuse of animals for example in zoos, hunting, scientific experiments, and so on.
The objectives and goals of the animal rights advocators and what they believe in has gained popularity in the United States of America and people are now aggressively prohibiting the various cruelty that some people have been doing to the animals and some people have suggested that enforcement of this prohibition would relieve the animals from cruelty and suffering that is currently being observed in various parts of the world.
Typical examples of animal suffering are dogs being caged for long hours each given day, those dogs which become old or can no longer hunt well are killed or sold cheaply to the laboratory for research purposes, and racehorses are useful when they can run fast enough and when they can longer run they end up being slaughtered.
There has been no stringent justification by any group of people to justify the perpetuation of cruelty that animals are subjected to. However, there have been numerous institutions that have been continuously committing the cruelty and violation of animal rights, despite their awareness all over the world even in the U.S.A about animal rights these institutions seem not to show any consciousness of their wrong deeds.
This scenario as it is lives no option about bringing consciousness to these institutions and groups of people but forcing them to stop the violation of animal rights.
What an animal right entails
The fact that each one of us acknowledges what lawful protection against suffering and harm means, then it defiantly implies that already all animals can also suffer and get subjected to harm.
The current animal rights movement started with the coming of Peter Singers distinctive book known as Animal Liberation, which was published in the mid-1970s. Despite the coming up of the modern animal rights movement animals, right philosophy started a long time ago in history.
Although animal rights might appear foreign to many individuals since throughout animals have been abused and inhumanly killed for socially tolerable purposes. And the definition of what is socially satisfactory varies from one ethnicity to the next. The habit of consumption of dog meat is seen as decently insulting to some, but there is another group of people who would reject the consumption of cow meat. Given this kind of conflicting cultural food, animal consumption is a sign that the decent good reason for these uses and killings is embedded culturally, and has no basis on a constant moral position.
Singer the founder of the modern human rights movement made a precise comparison between discrimination of animals according to race and discrimination against animals according to the type of animal species (Singer, pg 37).
The individuals who practiced animal racism were seen to be violating the principle of equality of all animals by giving important honor and attention to animals that were members of his or her race than to others. The individuals who discriminated against animals according to their species tended to give more liking and care to a specific type of species of animals and disputed the other species.
For both historic and modern animal rights philosophical views of animal rights, the main important message which tends to dominate is that animals also have the capability of feeling pleasure and pain.
In the animal rights view, then having seen that animals can both suffer and feel pleasure it, therefore, offers no more justification to refuse to acknowledge the animals rights and protection against the cruelty subjected to these animals. although there are no signs or indicators to show when animals are suffering or feeling pain but the real fact is that human beings know what pain and suffering are, hence you can reflect this fact and attach it to the animals world, and then definitely someone can acknowledge when an animal is suffering or it is feeling pain. Hence the suffering and pain of animals should be considered in the same way human beings normally suffer (Tracy pg 8).
In the animal rights view, the prevailing concern is not whether animals suffer because of a certain animal use but whether people have the capacity of the obligation to make use of other sentient being for any function.
Goals of the animal rights movement
The major aims of the animal rights movement can be summarized in one sentence which is the pursuit to bring to an end the current specialist business which exists regarding serious consideration of the animals interests.
Animal Liberationists put their efforts into addressing the suffering and inhumane killings They do not, however, believe that regardless of how appealing and useful an animal is should not have anything to make animals suffer or be killed inhumanely.
Animal rights activists are concerned with the severity of the suffering, and the number of animals involved. So while animal liberationists always have been opposing all the unjustifiable exploitation of animals, they have laid more emphasis on the cruelty and violation of animal rights regarding animal experimentation and consumption of animals as food (Christopher, pg 6).
The Future of Animal rights
Those individuals who indulge in the acts of exploiting animals have now taken defensive. The researchers have got surprised by the gaining strength of the animal liberation that is currently taking roots, they have tried to counter this by enhancing their security interventions which is a very costly venture, and the expenditure on fences is presumably viable for research and this is what the animal rights activists are looking for. For the lovers of animal meat, their hopes are on the verge of not prevailing (Roy, pg 9).
The animal liberation movement has committed itself to fight to the last to see to it that the use of animals for meat is a thing of the past. However, there is still a bold concern on what course of direction will take. But the in thing is that there are visible signs that this crucial matter is gaining vigor and roots.
Conclusion
The formation of elaborate legislation banning cruelty and subjecting harm to animals will be really important in addressing this problem. Policies and bills which protect the animals rights should be introduced and the ones that exist to be enhanced, this seems to be the only option of ensuring that this phenomenon can be eliminated or at least contained once and for all.
Individuals can also put an effort of reducing or eliminating all the possible actions which contribute to the cruelty on animals and violation of their rights, this can yield more outcomes by more and more individuals getting involved in the global and local campaigns against animal cruelty and compromising of their rights (Robert, pg 3).
Work cited
Tracy, A. Overview of the animal rights Philosophy, New York: Broadview Press, 2003.
Christopher, G. What the Modern Animal Rights Movement advocates, Animal journal, 2007.
Singer, Peter. Animal Liberation, Random House, 1990.
Robert, G. Animals, politics and morality, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2004.
Roy, G. Rights and Interests: The Case against Animals, Clarendon Press, 1980.
Statistical knowledge is important to both statisticians and non-statisticians (Broers, 2006). It is, therefore, recommended that people from all disciplines are given basic skills in statistics.
For this reason, I pursued this course to obtain quantitative skills to be applied and improved on in several ways. In this regard, I hoped to obtain knowledge in designing of experiments, collection and analysis of data, interpretation of results as well as drawing of conclusions (Broers, 2006).
Descriptive Statistics
Today I can proudly say that my learning objectives were well met. I now have a clear understanding of statistical applications. I know how to collect, organize and describe data. I can apply measures of central tendency such as mean, mode and median in data description.
I can also use measures of dispersion such as standard deviation and variance to describe data. In addition, I have clear knowledge of normal distributions as well as the conditions to be met for a distribution to be considered normal (Broers, 2006).
Correlation
Through this course, am able to determine a relationship between two sets of data. I can identify dependent and independent variables and the kind of relationship that exist between them. I can tell if one variable has a causal effect on the other. Furthermore, am able to identify positive, negative and minimal correlations (Broers, 2006).
Hypothesis Testing
In most cases, it is difficult to collect data on a whole population (Chance, 2002). In this regard, I have obtained necessary skills in sampling techniques. I have skills to analyze data from a sample and make conclusions regarding the entire population by using statistical probabilities and test of hypothesis.
In hypothesis testing, one tries to establish whether the outcomes of a certain study are due to chance or identifiable cause (Chance, 2002). Knowledge in application of significance level, critical value, degrees of freedom and p-value is used. One has to be able to formulate the null and the alternative hypotheses (Chance, 2002).
I am now in a position to use t-test to determine if there are statistically significant differences between two sets of data. In this regard, I understand the required assumptions for t-test to be applied. I have a clear understanding of analysis of variance (ANOVA), both one-way and two-way. I, however, feel that more practice in all these applications will help me perfect my understanding (Chance, 2002).
Future Plans
This course has given me a clear understanding of the role of statistics in life. Statistics is the most used research tool in medicine, education, psychology, business and economics, among other fields (Rumsey, 2002). It helps in shaping peoples choices in their daily lives. For example, statistical findings can give a clear understanding of implications of some behaviors such as smoking and lead to corrective measures.
I have always wanted to build a strong career in research. After taking this course, I have now made up my minds to major in statistics. I wish to have advanced skills in statistics which will enable me handle and analyze large and complex research problems. In this case, the knowledge I have already obtained will give me a head start.
Conclusion
The objectives I hoped to attain by pursuing this cause have been well achieved. Am now able to design experiments as well as collect, analyze and interpret data. I can apply this knowledge in real life situations and draw conclusions that will help find solutions to some problems.
However, this course has given me energy to pursue further knowledge in statistics. For this reason, I intend to major in statistics to be in a better position to handle more complex research problems.
References
Broers, N. J. (2006). Learning goals: the primacy of statistical knowledge. Maastricht: Maastricht University.
Chance, B. L. (2002). Components of statistical thinking and implications for instruction and assessment. Journal of Statistics Education, 10(3): 15-19.
Rumsey, D. J. (2002). Statistical literacy as a goal for introductory statistics courses. Journal of Statistics Education, 10(3): 7-13
Cross-cultural engagement was frequent during the long history of missionary action. In the modern times cross-cultural engagement is a topic of many debates and discussion as the world undergoes globalizations and many cultures and religions interact with each other. Therefore, it is important to learn the history of missionary movement and seek examples of cross-cultural interactions and the way missionaries acted within these circumstances. The successful examples could teach us many lessons about God and his will and role in life of people. Hence, the paper discusses the historical cases of cross-cultural engagement in the missionary action.
In the early modern Atlantic realm, missionaries were frequently the authors who wrote the most frequently on non-European peoples and cultures. Their sources have so proven to be crucial for early modernists. In order to gain insight into a wide range of subjects, including native history, the history of religion, labor history, environmental history, the history of the African diaspora, and the history of capitalism, historians have been examining missionary encounters and the sources they inspired for decades. Although missionary materials are frequently used, the majority of research on the encounters themselves focuses on either a specific religion or a specific area. Within a single book or monograph, the remarkably strong barrier between Protestant and Catholic missions is rarely overcome. This unique edition of a book aims to bridge these gaps. This collection raises fresh queries regarding the significance of missionary contacts in the early modern era by establishing linkages across denominations and empires.
With the dissemination of the gospel across the world due to the expansion of the missionary activity in the 19th century, the world underwent a significant shift. Christianity enhanced the dynamics of evangelical Protestantism, which was crucial in the nineteenth-century work of Baptist Mission Society (B.M.S.) on internal growth and nation-building as well as its engagement with Indias diverse socio-religio-political culture. Though the globalization, missionary movement gave rise to numerous missionary societies, these societies in turn moved forth and had an influence on the world and brought about a fundamental social revolution in various nations.
There is an inextricable connection between missions and transformation that they bring. Through the missions of God, those who uphold the word of God alter the world. The basis of any revolution is crucial, and this is how the reformers went back to the source and fundamentally altered society by dismantlimg racial and educational barriers. Whatever their position, Christians may serve as agents of restoration and transformation by upholding the truth of the Bible and working to eliminate everything that goes against Christian principles. The Bible should be used practically and shown in all aspects of daily life, rather than just being a theoretical statement. Christian must serve as an educator, mentor, and catalyst for change in the world.
Overall, the experience of missionaries teaches us about the ultimate love of God. Missionary action is a manifestation of Gods desire of unity, love and harmony between all human beings. Therefore, missionaries are guided by Gods will, and their actions should be manifestations of the divine patience, love and grace. When engaging with other cultures, it is important to respect their traditions, while keeping and open heart to both people and God. In addition, it is important to remember about the ultimate goal of the missionary action to promote unity and love of God.