Project Proposal The first required step is to submit a clear and focused propos
Project Proposal The first required step is to submit a clear and focused proposal to the Director of the program. For all MSc students, you should fill out a google sheet includes your name, student number, proposed working title and research question.
Introduction to Geography on the Web
Directions:
To complete this lab you will n
Introduction to Geography on the Web
Directions:
To complete this lab you will need your Goodes Atlas a ruler and a computer with an internet connection. If you do not yet have your atlas, use the copy that is on reserve in the Foothill library, or visit your local library.
Read through this entire handout.
Answer each question in a separate write-up.
Attach your .doc, .docx or .pdf write-up to Canvas
Part 1: Maps
Maps are an essential tool for geographers. We use maps to locate phenomena, to show relationships, to prove ideas and to ask questions. You have probably looked at and used maps before, but the following is designed to help you look at maps with a geographer′s eye. The following introduces the essential elements of scale, resolution, themes, and coordinate systems used to describe our world.
Map Scale
The ratio of distance on a map to distance on the ground
Map scale is generally expressed as a ratio, such as 1:100,000. Expressing scale as a ratio like this is the most accurate way to express scale.
This means that one unit on the map is equal to 100,000 units on the ground; one length of your index finger on the map is equal to 100,000 of your index fingers on the ground, or the map is 1/100,000th of the real world!
Map scale can also be expressed as a ratio of common measuring distances, such as 1 inch to 256 miles, meaning that 1 inch on the map is equal to 256 miles on the ground. However, for this class we will be using the unitless measure such as 1:100,000
One way that I find useful to visualize map scale is to think about it in terms of a map of the world (see pages 18-19 in Goodes World Atlas). The length of the equator at different scales is a good way to think about the actual size of a map at that scale. The table below lists the distance on the map (if you were to lay a ruler along the map and measure the equator) for each map scale. As you can see, a 1:400,000,000 scale map would probably fit across two pages of an ordinary book, while a 1:10,000,000 scale map would take a wall of your classroom. At a 1:1,000 scale, a map of the would stretch across the county!
Map Scale
Length of the Earth′s equator on the Map (meters)
1:400,000,000 0.10002
1:40,000,000 1.0002
1:10,000,000 4.0008
1:1,000,000 40.008
1:100,000 400.078
1:10,000 4,000.78
1:1,000 40,007.8
Another way to describe map scale is to talk about ′large scale′ or ′small scale′ maps. This terminology can be very confusing, because it is the opposite of what our intuition says it should be. When geographers talk about a ′large scale map′ they are speaking about a map of a small area, like the college campus or a small city (1:24,000 to 1:100,000). When geographers talk about a ′small scale map′ they are speaking about maps of large areas such as all of California, Europe or the world (1:250,000 and up). This terminology makes the most sense if you consider that scale is a ratio, or a fraction. So if you had two (very large!) pies, one cut into 100 pieces and one cut into 500,000 pieces, would you want the 1/100th of a pie (the larger piece) or the 1/500,000th of a pie (the smaller piece)? Thus, 1:100 is a large scale and 1:500,000 is a small scale.
Answer the following questions. Each answer should be in complete sentences.
1. (1 points) What scale (as a ratio) is the map on page 192-3 (23rd edition) OR page 182-183 (22nd edition) of Goodes World Atlas? Is this a large scale or small scale map?
2. (1 points)What scale (as a ratio) is the map on page 118 (23rd edition) OR page 110 (22nd edition) of Goodes World Atlas (the main map, not the insets)? Is this a large scale or small scale map?
3. (1 points) What scale (as a ratio) is the map on page 284 (23rd edition) OR page 262 (22nd edition) of Goodes World Atlas? Is this a large scale or small scale map?
4. (1 points)What scale (as a ratio) is the map on page 122 (23rd edition) OR page 114 (22nd edition) of Goodes World Atlas? Is this a large scale or small scale map?
5. (1 points)What scale (as a ratio) is the map on page 136 (23rd edition) OR page 126 (22nd edition) of Goodes World Atlas? Is this a large scale or small scale map?
Measuring distance using map scale
You can find the distance between two locations using a ruler and the scale of your map. You can do this through either one of two methods:
Method 1: Use the table of contents to find the correct map to use. For example to find the distance between Paris, France and Warsaw, Poland, use a map of Europe (Page 190 in the 23rd edition, or pages 174-175 in the 22nd edition). Measure the distance between two cities. For Paris, France to Warsaw, Poland the distance is 3.25 inches. The map scale says that 1 inch equals 256 miles, so 3.25*256＝832.0 miles. (you should round to one decimal place, or to one tenth)
Method 2: If your map does not list the relationship between inches and miles, you can still figure out distance using the ratio scale: For example, if your map had a scale of 1:500,000 and your two cities were 4 inches apart, just set up a simple equation:
1in/500,000in ＝ 4in/Xin, so 4*500,000 ＝1X, X＝2,000,000inches. You can convert this to miles by recalling: 12 inches ＝ 1 foot, 5,280 feet ＝ 1 mile, so 2,000,000 inches ＝ 31.6 miles (you should round to one decimal place, or to one tenth)
When you make your measurements, be aware of the precision, or how exact your measurements are. Precision is a way of stating how sure you are of the exact value of your results. If you are really sure, you might have a very high precision, perhaps to the nearest hundredth or thousandth (0.01 or 0.001). It is important to be as precise as your measuring device allows. Round your work to the degree of precision specified. So if you are told to be precise to the nearest tenth, and you plug your values into a calculator and come up with 123.45678, your answer would be 123.5
Answer the following questions. Show your work.
6. (2 points) What is the distance in miles between Eugene Oregon to Spokane Washington? (precision to nearest whole number) (hint: look for a map of the Northwestern United States)Note that this is the ′as the crow flies′ (straight line) distance, NOT the driving distance as Google maps would calculate for you. Show your work.
7. (2 points) What is the distance in miles between Tokyo Japan and Hong Kong China? (hint: look for a map of Eastern Asia) (precision to nearest whole number) Show your work.
8. (2 points) You are given a map that is 1:300,000 scale. City A and City B on the map are 5 inches apart. How many miles apart are they in the real world? (precision to nearest tenth) Show your work.
9. (2 points) You are given a map that is 1:250,000 scale. City R and City S on the map are 8 inches apart. How many miles apart are they in the real world? (precision to nearest tenth) Show your work.
10. (2 points) You are given a map that is 1:100,000 scale. City L and City M on the map are 6 inches apart. How many miles apart are they in the real world? (precision to nearest tenth) Show your work.
Part 2: Coordinate Systems
Another key element of representing data on the map is the coordinate system. The coordinate system relates every location on the map to a location on the earth through a defined system. This is also called georeferencing. One major type of georeferencing is latitude and longitude, which divides the earth into a grid-like coordinate system. Turn to pages 4 & 5 (23rd edition) OR pages 18&19 (22nd edition) in Goodes atlas and observe the following:
Latitude
Latitude lines are parallel to the earth′s equator. Latitude lines run from 90ºN at the north pole to 0º (the equator) to 90ºS at the south pole. Lines of latitude are noted as being either NORTH, or SOUTH, meaning north or south of the equator. So, for example, the Longitude lines are equidistant lines (they are all the same length) that run from the north pole to the south pole.
Longitude
Longitude lines run from 180ºE to 0º (at the prime meridian which runs through Greenwich, England) to 180ºW. Lines of longitude are expressed as being either EAST or WEST, meaning east or west of the prime meridian. The international date line is located where 180ºW meets 180ºE.
How we divide latitude and longitude
Latitude and longitude lines are expressed in degrees ( º ), minutes ( ′ ) and seconds ( ″ ) with a directional notation (N, S, E or W). Minutes and seconds run from 0 to 60 (e.g. 60 seconds equals one minute, 60 minutes equals one degree). For example, something that was 120 degrees, 10 minutes and 30 seconds west longitude would be denoted 120º10′30″W. The ′squares′ defined by latitude and longitude are really not squares at all because they are on the spherical earth (though they look like squares on a flat map!). Make sure to watch the video above Lab 1 Overview Links to an external site.for help with this section.
Open your atlas to pages 18 and 19. See the grid of lines on the atlas. The horizontal lines are latitude lines, you can read the degrees of latitude along the sides of the map. For example, California is approximately between 30 and 40 degrees north latitude. The vertical lines are lines of longitude. You can read the degrees of longitude along the middle of the earth. For example, California is between 120 and 130 degrees west longitude.
Latitude and longitude can also be expressed in decimal degrees. With decimal degrees, the entire location is compressed into a single number. So, just as 2 1/2 can also be expressed as 2.5, 37° 21′ 45.2082″N and 122° 7′ 42.5172″W can be expressed as 37.362558, -122.128477. Note that in the system of decimal degrees, we have lost the letter designations of N,S,E,W. Instead, a latitude in the northern hemisphere is a positive value, a latitude in the southern hemisphere is a negative value. A longitude in the eastern hemisphere is a positive value, a longitude in the western hemisphere is a negative value.
Answer the following questions.
Use the index of your atlas to look up the following latitude and longitude locations in degrees and minutes
11. (1 points) What is the latitude and longitude of San Francisco, CA in degrees and minutes?
12. (1 points) What is the latitude and longitude of Chicago, IL in degrees and minutes?
For questions 13-15, use the Federal Communications Commission calculatorLinks to an external site. to convert the latitude and longitude that you look up in the index of your atlas to decimal degrees. Recall that latitudes in the southern hemisphere have a negative value in decimal degrees, and that longitudes in the western hemisphere have a negative value in decimal degrees.
13. (1 points) What is the latitude and longitude of Houston, TX in decimal degrees?
14. (1 points) What is the latitude and longitude of Jakarta, Indonesia in decimal degrees?
15. (1 points) What is the latitude and longitude of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in decimal degrees?
16. (1 points) What is the latitude and longitude of Zurich, Switzerland in decimal degrees?
Interpreting maps
In this section you are going to practice interpreting thematic maps in your atlas. For a primer on how to do this, watch this short video:
17. (1 points) Turn to the global Climate Regions map. What type of climate is found in Shanghai, China?
18. (1 points) Turn to the Annual Precipitation & Ocean Currents map. How many inches of rain fall in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo in an average year? Your answer should be a range, such as ′between 5 and 10 inches′.
19. (1 points) Turn to the World Soil Taxonomy map. What soil order is found in Bilbao, Spain?
Part 3: ArcGIS Online & GIS maps
Login to ArcGIS Online
Go to ArcGIS OnlineLinks to an external site. and use the Enterprise Login link
Your organization is foothillGIST.maps.arcgis.com. Login with your MyPortal username and Password.
Go to Groups and click on My Organization′s Groups, and select GEOG01_DeLaCerda
Lab 1 Map LinkLinks to an external site.
Open the Lab 1 map
Click on the Lab 1 map to open it. Use this map to answer the following questions.
20. (1 points) Zoom in on Foothill College (the red star). Use the measure tool (Click the ′wrench′ looking icon on the bottom right to open the tool) to measure the distance between the Football stadium to the baseball field. How far in kilometers is it between the Football stadium and the baseball diamond (approximately)?
21. (1 points) Use the measure tool to measure the distance around the track (you will need to make a multi-segmented line). How far in miles is it around the track?
Zoom out until you can see all of the USA. Turn on the Sea Surface Temperature layer (check the box next to it in the contents or go back to the map and open the sea surface temperature imagery layer). Notice that a time slider appears at the bottom of your window. This layer has monthly sea surface temperature from 2008 to recently (it is usually 2 months behind). You can drag the slider to view different months.
Screenshot of AGOL map showing layers to open
22. (4 points) Compare the sea surface temperature of the west coast of the USA to the East Coast. Overall, which one is warmer in general? Does this change between summer and winter? Compare locations on opposite coasts at the same latitudes.
To turn in your lab:
Complete your writeup to all of the questions above in a word processing program and save your document as a .pdf or .doc (MS Word). Turn it in as an attachment here.
Important Info
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Please clarify some paper details before starting to work on the order.
Type of paper and subject
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Part 1: BEACH VEGETATION (32 points)
What kind of beach is Caladesi Island? (3)
Part 1: BEACH VEGETATION (32 points)
What kind of beach is Caladesi Island? (3)
What are the four major factors on a beach that plants have to adapt to? (4)
What are two ways plants adapt to high amounts of sunlight and avoid dehydration? (4)
List 3 plants and describe their adaptations. (6: 3 for listing, 3 for describing them)
What do plants at the top of the dunes have to adapt to the most? (3) What are some adaptations they use to combat these forces? (3)
What is the term for the specialized rooting systems connecting some plants? Think about how the root systems of these plants grow. (ex. morning glories, sea purslane, sea oats) (2)
How are the plants stabilizing the sediment? (3)
Describe a plant that you thought was interesting or did not know prior to this section of the online field trip. (4)
Part 2: LONGSHORE CURRENTS AND SETTLING VELOCITIES (12 points)
What is the name of the current that moves parallel to the shoreline? (2)
What are the two main sources of energy on a beach that distribute sediments? (2)
Explain how we measure currents. (4)
How does water movement differ from close-to-shore to further offshore? (2) What factors are influencing this? (2)
Part 3: TIDAL WAVE ENERGY (6 points)
What are the two ways wave energy moves sediment? (2)
Explain how waves are able to sort sediments. (2) Where would you find the coarsest sediments being moved by wave energy? (2)
Part 4: SEDIMENT CORING (12 points)
Why do we look at sediment cores? (2) What can they tell us? (2)
What does a shell layer in a sediment core represent? (2)
What is cross bedding? (3)
What does a fine dark layer of buildup in a core represent? (3)
Part 5: BEACH PROFILING AND CHARACTERIZATION (8 points)
Why do we do beach profiling? (1) Who would this information be beneficial to? (1)
What are the four main parts of a barrier island beach system? (4)
What is the name of the tool used to make beach profiles? (1) What is being measured with this tool? (1)
The second piece of summative assessment in Reconstructing Past Environments is a Data Analysis exercise worth 60% of the overall module mark. You will produce an individual 2000-word scientific report using a range of palaeoenvironmental data from a Dartmoor. For this assessment you will use the data to develop an age depth model, calculate percentages and concentration for pollen, charcoal and spore data.
You can use Microsoft Excel to complete the calculations and freeware R or C2 to produce stratigraphic plots. Instructions on how to download R are available on the ELE page of the module. All analyses and plots can be done in R using packages CLAM and Rioja. C2 is a stratigraphic plotting software alternative but it requires a Windows operating system. In Mac computers C2 can be installed within a virtual Windows machine, e.g. Parallels Desktop. If this is not available to you, you have the option to use University Windows computers in Hatherly B12. Using C2 is not a requirement as all stratigraphic plotting can be conducted in R, which is freely available for both Windows and Mac computers.
Lecture PowerPoint slides and resources therein and additional readings posted on ELE are relevant for this coursework. You are encouraged to review all lecture materials, including introductory lecture in week 1, as a starting point for your literature review. The assessment guideline document includes a brief reference list to further support your reading, but you are expected you to show initiative and undertake a wider literature search to identify new sources of information for your report.
Name:
Guns, Germs, and Steel: Episode 2
Directions: Create a copied version of
Name:
Guns, Germs, and Steel: Episode 2
Directions: Create a copied version of this file (file -> make a copy),
Before viewing the film, read each question below so you know what information and ideas you should be looking for as you watch Episode 2. Record your answers to each question by providing as many facts, details, and examples as possible to answer each question. Answers are to be typed and written in complete sentences.
1. Describe the Spanish weaponry. Describe the Incan weaponry. Explain in detail 2 reasons why Diamond believes the Spanish weaponry had come to be so superior to that of the Inca?
2. Explain 3 ways in which horses were a significant advantage to the Spanish?
3. Name 3 aspects of the Incan war strategy against the Spanish that led to their battle loss and the capture of their leader?
4. Why were the Inca so susceptible to the germs carried to the New World by the Spanish?
5. What role did domesticated animals play in New World and Old World human diseases?
6. The Inca did not develop disease resistance from their alpacas. Why not?
7. What does Diamond refer to as Pizarro’s “secret weapon”?
8. The Inca did not possess/utilize written language? Why not?
9. How did written language directly benefit the Spanish in their fight against the Inca?
10. It is said that humans invent what is needed for their survival…that “necessity is the mother of invention”. What does this mean to you?
Questions:
Analyze how did the soviets design the economy of the Soviet Union.
E
Questions:
Analyze how did the soviets design the economy of the Soviet Union.
Evaluate how are the climate and natural vegetation of this region related to each other.
Deduce how would you characterize the environmental problems of this world region.
Write an essay answering the previous three questions. You are strongly encouraged to illustrate your answer with maps, stats, or photography’s.
You should write an introduction paragraph or half a page presenting the three questions you have to answer to.
You should write about one paragraph or one page on each of your answer, so about three total paragraphs or three pages.
You should write a conclusion paragraph or half a page reflecting on the three questions you previously answered.
Your paper should be at least four pages long or more than a thousand words long, not counting your illustrations and sources.
Your answers must be supplemented with additional information from at least two other sources beside your text book. Your text book does not count as a source.
You cannot use encyclopedias or online encyclopedias as sources. Online journals are acceptable, as well as online articles as long as you provide your references preferably under MLA format or any other consistent format. In any case you absolutely need to provide the author’s name, the article or book title, the publication name and the year of publication.
please remember that you need to answer in one essay format.
you can use the following websites if you can provide the name of the author of the article, the name of the book or article, and the year of publication: Wikipedia: www.wikipedia.org Google Books: www.books.google.com Blekko: www.blekko.com You Tube: www.youtube.com Library of Congress: www.loc.gov Internet Public Library: www.ipl.org
cited sources put at end of essay
web links not accpeted
You should consider the following:
• Who has written/edited/complied/directed it
You should consider the following:
• Who has written/edited/complied/directed it and why?
• What are the main themes?
• How have these experiences been presented?
• How important is ‘place’ within the memoir? How is place presented?
• Has this work been made into a film, and if so what changes have been made?
• How does this account fit with the academic debates surrounding the Holocaust and the Second World War and how they are remembered and presented?
• How does this account fit with academic debates surrounding the historical geography
of memory and narrative?
Please note: you are expected to place the memoir in its
academic context. For both the focus should be on different aspects of the historical geographies of wartime memory. Secondary reading of books and journal articles is
essential in both cases.
IT NEEDS TO BE FULLY HARVARD REFERENCED. Around 18 references if possible.
Assignment 3: The Presentation – Due Week 7
Project Overview:
This is part of a
Assignment 3: The Presentation – Due Week 7
Project Overview:
This is part of a 3-PART SERIES OF ASSIGNMENTS on the SAME topic. Assignment #1 – the Bibliography (submitted Week 3). Assignment #2 – the Outline – is due Week 5. Assignment #3 – the Final Presentation – is due Week 7. You’re building this project throughout all three Assignments, using the same or similar topic.
For this project, you’ll choose a topic and then research how four geographic concepts are related to and affect your topic. Instead of presenting your research as a traditional paper, you’ll use PowerPoint to create a narrated presentation. Your presentation will be structured like a paper, including a title, introduction to the topic, main body, summary and conclusions, and references. Creative use of properly cited graphics and photos from the Internet relevant to your topic is required.
First, choose a topic! Topics must be a food item, cuisine, invention, or idea with a SUPER CLEAR REGION OF ORIGIN. Do some investigation of the 4 required elements (see below) before you settle on one topic. If you’re not sure if your desired topic is appropriate, please feel free to ask!
Your topic must be analyzed through these 4 required elements to determine how each of these geographic concepts affects or is related to your topic: 1. Regions 2. Cultural Landscape 3. Diffusion 4. Distance decay. The first two concepts are covered in the first chapter of your textbook. Diffusion is covered in Chapter 8, Section 2. Distance decay refers to the fact that influence and interaction between locations decreases as the distance between them increases. As such, it has a significant influence on how things change as they diffuse away from their point of origin. Be sure to address these specific geographic terms and concepts in your work. You don’t need to address them in this order, but you do need to address all of them. You may use “subsets” of these definitions (e.g., contagious diffusion) if such subsets exist. Be sure to refer to your text and other reliable resources to ensure you completely understand these concepts. You should be detailed in your treatment of these concepts – for instance, you should explain both how and why your choice varies by region, and how and why it has been affected by distance decay. Remember that geography, as an academic discipline, seeks to explain why things vary from place to place, not just describe how they do.
Assignment #3 Objective: Develop an audio-narrated PowerPoint presentation based on the research you have conducted about your chosen topic. All APUS students have access to PowerPoint and the rest of Microsoft Office (for Windows or MacOS) as listed in the Course Guidelines & Resources page. NOTE: Students who are having difficulty completing the narration should contact the instructor as soon as possible.
Assignment Instructions: Using the course project steps completed to date, you will develop your presentation based on the work you submitted for Assignments 1 and 2 as well as the feedback you were given.
To prepare for this assignment, I recommend that you do the following:
Read these directions carefully.
Review the grading criteria below. The grading criteria is a detailed evaluation that I will use to assess your performance. It also will help you understand what is expected of you as you prepare your assignment.
Message me with any questions!
Presentation requirements:
Your presentation will be submitted as an audio-narrated PowerPoint. It must be by you. You may not use text-to-speech technology to do the narration for you, unless noted in an approved accommodation from a current letter from DSA which you have provided to me. For instructions on how to create audio narration in PowerPoint, see the following link: Record a Slide Show With Narration. Audio narration is a requirement! Students who are having difficulty completing the narration should contact the instructor as soon as possible.
There must be both text (in concise phrases) and visual elements (e.g., photos, videos, graphs, figures). Since this is a geography class, you must include at least 2 relevant maps in your presentation.
Your presentation must contain approximately 10-15 slides (excluding references) and run approximately 5-10 minutes.
Less than 10% of your presentation should be direct quotes.
Proper use and pronunciation of geographic terminology are required.
Be sure to properly cite your work, both internal to the presentation as well as within the reference slide (this includes photos, graphs, figures, videos, etc.).
All references listed on the reference slide should be cited internally within the presentation, and vice versa.
The required elements: Your presentation should contain the following elements in the order listed below. Specific content for each section is detailed in Assignment 2: The Outline.
In addition, I expect that any feedback provided to you from Assignment 1: Annotated Bibliography and Assignment 2: The Outline be incorporated into this assignment. Please go back and review those comments.
Introduction – this section must contain your topic, why you chose your topic, and preview where your topic developed and diffused to.
Body (Content) – this section must contain examine how your topic relates to four geographic concepts: regions, cultural landscapes, diffusion and distance decay
Conclusion Slide – this section must contain four to six points that sum up the main topics of the presentation.
Reference Slide (and Internal Citations) – this section must contain the following:
Internal citations – This is not just a separate section; rather, referencing should occur throughout the presentation via parenthetical citations anytime you paraphrase, make direct quotes, or use visual components from other sources. Please be sure to cite any language, images, videos, etc. in the presentation that should be cited.
Reference Slide – Your paper should also have a final reference slide listing at least 6 credible sources researched for your presentation.
Do not include your summary/evaluation from Assignment 1: Annotated Bibliography; simply list the references utilized in your presentation in APA format on the reference slide.
Both files provided explain in-depth what is needed, I am absolutely swamped with life
Both files provided explain in-depth what is needed, I am absolutely swamped with life, but if you have questions, please email me asap, I will respond right away. PLEASE only use the sources provided, professor is a tough cookie with grading/precise instructions.
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer all of the following three questions. One or two well-devel
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer all of the following three questions. One or two well-developed paragraphs per question will suffice.
1. Think about a migration flow within your family, whether internal, international, voluntary, or forced. The flow can be one you experienced or one you only heard about through family. List the push and pull factors. Then, hypothesize how the migration flow of your family was tied to larger migration flows at the time. Does your family’s migration flow fit into the global map in Figure 3.6 (in the 12th edition of the textbook)? Was your family’s migration at a different scale – nationally or locally? Determine both the scale of your family’s migration flow and identity how the scale of the flow impacted your family – did they find others like themselves at their destination? How would finding or not finding others like themselves impact the identities of your family members who migrated?
2. Analyze Figure 3.30 (in the 12th edition of the textbook), migration to the United States by region. Choose one region and one time. Research an example of a migration flow to the United States from that region at that time (e.g. east European migration in 1900). Describe where migrants from that region primarily settled in the United States. Explain relocation diffusion. Imagine how the migration flow you chose can be seen in the cultural landscape of the destination region in the United States both at the time of migration and today.
3. The fast fashion industry takes runway looks and turns them into low-cost, disposable clothing immediately available to consumers. The fashion industry accounts for $1.2 trillion globally, and the amount of clothing being produced has doubled since 2005. How has time-space compression enabled fast fashion to knock off a celebrity look and make it available to consumers in 24 hours?