Lower Extremity Stretching Techniques

Presently, more people start to lead sedentary lifestyles or are restricted to a little amount of activity due to work or studying. In this situation, the solution to such a problem is incorporating stretching techniques that will assist in reducing pressure from the limbs and avoid injuries in the future. Among the parts of the lower extremities that need to be regularly exercised are the body parts from hips to toes. Therefore, it is vital to start with the feet and stretch the necessary muscles.

While it might seem that lower leg regions, more specifically feet, do not have many regions that need to be stretched, there are indeed the most important joints. The large tibial and fibula bones and the little foot bones, known as tarsals, phalanges, and metatarsals, make up the musculoskeletal anatomy of the bottom foot and leg (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). These lower extremities are vital since many joints are formed by such bones. For instance, the ankle joint, which connects the heel bone of the foot to the tibia bone, is among the most crucial (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). In this sense, the therapy that involves stretching might be helpful in preventing any injuries to the given area.

The first exercise can be referred to as a beginners seated toe extensor stretch. The individual starts by lifting the ankle and positioning it on top of the left knee whilst seated on some surface, such as a chair, with another foot on the ground (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). Then, the student puts the fingers of the opposite hand on the tips of the right toes whilst supporting the right ankle with the right hand. The last step is to bend the toes ends down from the lower leg and toward the sole (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). The exercise should be continued with a stretching motion with the other leg. The common mistake in this technique is not applying enough pressure or bending the toes in the wrong direction, which can lead to spasms.

A more complicated stretching technique is an advanced toe extensor stretch. For stability, the individual must keep the back straight and lean against a wall or something else. Then, with the upper side of the toes pressed on the ground, they should point the right foot backward and aside from the torso (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). This exercise is more relaxing if the top of the foot is supported by a pillow (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). The student will then place pressure on the right leg and push the bottom of the heel down to the floor whilst retaining the dorsal part of the toes firmly to the ground (Kokkonen & Nelson, 2021). The exercise should be carried out with the opposing leg. The common mistake in the given techniques is dragging the foot, which should be firmly planted on the ground.

The students will be rated on the assessment with a score, which will allow them to understand to which level they have perfected the exercise and how well they performed each part of it. The students will be rated on their balance while performing the stretching activity and the flexibility with which they carry out the exercise. For each item of the exercise, the students will receive five points, resulting in ten points total. In case when one item is not perfected, the overall score of the student will be lower.

The reason behind choosing the given rating system is that it will allow the individuals performing the stretching exercises to comprehend the required criteria to meet the goal of performing the proper stretching techniques on the lower extremities. The objective of these techniques is to apply an appropriate amount of pressure, ensure balance, and apply flexibility. The overall aim is not to divide students into who performed the best and the worst but provide them with an opportunity to oversee their individual progress.

Reference

Kokkonen, J., & Nelson, A. G. (2021). Stretching anatomy (3rd ed.). Human Kinetics.

International Arena for the NFL and the NBA

Event Transportation Associated (ETA) provides transportation services for various clients, and its activities promote a better understanding of the positions of such giants as the National Football League (NFL) and the National Basketball Association (NBA). In their decision to go international, the NFL and the NBA may face certain challenges related to the number of fans globally and major sports needs in the field. At the same time, the benefits of new opportunities, available partners, and revenues cannot be ignored.

The individuals who neglect personal judgments and preferences should understand that the NFL does not have as much of its international audience as the NBA does. Although the NBA is younger than the NFL, the number of national basketball teams prevails over the number of American football players. Many countries, both developed and developing, have the appropriate equipment and places to train basketball players, proving that the NBA can be doing great. The NFLs standpoint is weakened due to the requirement of large fields and professional training. Besides, the United States and Canada are probably the only countries where people are aware of the peculiarities of American football. Most Asians and Europeans need more time and explanations to understand the basics of this sport. If the NFL wants to move internationally, it should head to the United Kingdom, Australia, and Mexico, where this sport has been practiced. European countries with low-income populations need to be avoided because people are not able to cover the basic needs of American football.

The NBA is obviously benefitting most from the idea of going internationally because of the influential celebrities and the overall image of this kind of sport. The NFL may not be hurt the most by these changes, but most steps will be taken in vain because of societies poor backgrounds and differences in schedules. Therefore, comparing the NFLs and the NBAs differences and similarities, the latter has a better chance to succeed internationally within a short period.

Reasons for Paying College Athletes

Introduction

The financial compensation of college athletes is a recurring theme in the current media. Although not professional players, student-athletes have schedules, which may be equally taxing on their time, health, and physique (Thacker 185). Meanwhile, students also experience significant learning pressure, which further stresses their resources. Disproportionate distribution of earnings from winnings, motivation issues, and significant health risks determine the necessity of implementing financial compensation for college athletes.

Distribution of Earnings

First, college athletes contribute directly to their institutions sources of income. One of the reasons why colleges are interested in having sports teams lies in the profit gained from athletes victories. However, the lack of distribution of earnings among students who were responsible for such outcomes is a common complaint (Wallsten et al. 209). Paying athletes will allow them to feel properly rewarded for their efforts.

Motivation

Second, paying college athletes will increase their motivation to win. In the sphere of athletic scholarships, the most financially compensated group consists of coaches. Their salaries have grown significantly over the recent years, which has led to the criticism of coaches using students as free labor, thus disincentivizing the latter (Allison et al. 68). Financial compensation of athletes will encourage them to put more effort and win.

Health Issues

Third, paying athletes will address the risks that students face when participating in college-driven sports. All games have a certain degree of health risks for participants. However, unlike professional athletes who are appropriately compensated and can manage their health issues, college athletes do not have the means to ensure subsequent healthcare needs (Edelman 1140). Financial compensation will help students pay for medical services and prevent possible physical limitations.

Conclusion

Altogether, fair distribution of income, motivation potential, and better management of health risks constitute the reasons for paying college athletes. Sports are an important part of life inside modern educational institutions, which demand significant efforts from students who are simultaneously expected to ensure their academic progress as well. The lack of financial compensation makes participation in college sports increasingly taxing and unattractive. Rewarding college athletes will improve the cost-benefit ratio significantly in their favor.

Works Cited

Allison, Rachel, et al. Public Opinions about Paying College Athletes and Athletes Protesting During the National Anthem: A Focus on Race/ethnicity and Political Identities. Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, vol. 19, no. 1, 2022, pp. 61-83.

Edelman, Marc. From Student-Athletes to Employee-Athletes: Why a Pay for Play Model of College Sports Would Not Necessarily Make Educational Scholarships Taxable. Boston College Law Review, vol. 58, 2017, pp. 1137-1168.

Thacker, Dalton. Amateurism vs. Capitalism: A Practical Approach to Paying College Athletes. Seattle Journal for Social Justice, vol. 16, 2017, pp. 183-216.

Wallsten, Kevin, et al. Prejudice or principled conservatism? Racial Resentment and White Opinion toward Paying College Athletes. Political Research Quarterly, vol. 70, no. 1, 2017, pp. 209-222.

QuickWrite: The One Where We Ask, «What If?»

We tend to view famous people as representatives of their cultures, holders of important opinions, and, in general, very interesting individuals. However, many, if not all of them, are not who they seem to be; what we view as a celebritys personality is a carefully constructed image that helps sell a product. With that being said, I believe that I could be good friends with Jennifer Lawrence. Despite being extremely talented and beautiful, she does not take herself too seriously, which is rare in people of her caliber. She does not hide behind a superstar image and appears to be one of the most down-to-earth celebrities there is. If I were to spend some time with her, I would want to have some fun  for instance, visit an amusement park or go to a karaoke club together. I like to share stories and tell jokes, and apparently, so does Jennifer, which is why I would most likely enjoy her company.

When it comes to choosing a person whose life I would want to live, it is a far more complex question. There are so many people who I admire and whose achievements I respect, and they are not necessarily famous. However, if I could be someone, I would probably want to be a famous scientist like Albert Einstein. He had one of the greatest minds in history, and it would be absolutely fascinating to feel what it is like to have such a mind. Everyone has probably imagined being a celebrity, but for me, what is even better than being a celebrity is being a pioneer and an innovator. I believe there is no feeling more amazing than knowing that you have made the world less of a mystery and contributed to the development of science, moving humanity forward.

Personal Connectivity Milestones

How would you like to be recalled? I am always pondering that one particular question. What will I have accomplished, and what kind of impression will I have left? I desire to be regarded as a person who revolutionized the world. I want to be remembered as a lady who genuinely changed the world and benefited people. I want to leave a lasting impression via my work and major innovation. We should constantly act as though our actions would be remembered for the good deeds we commit and the heritage we leave behind. Regardless of whether they are good or terrible, our acts continue to exist after we pass away. I thus constantly remind myself that what I am doing right now is building momentum.

Accepting death does not need to be a depressing subject; rather, it gave me the motivation to refocus on my objectives and helped me discover greater meaning in life. According to Corey et al. (2018), accepting life and accepting death are closely connected concepts. When we do not acknowledge our limitations, it probably affects the way we live. Coming to terms with the fact that my life is terminal, I want individuals who used to be close to me to remember me and keep my memory alive when I pass away. Re-membering is the process of preserving a persons memory long after they have passed away by incorporating them into our everyday activities, discussions, decisions, and sources of strength (Corey et al., 2018). At this point in my life, I would most likely be remembered as a beloved daughter, a decent student, and a good friend, but there are many more things I would like to add to that list.

Realizing that life has an expiration date has inspired me to make the most of the time my close people and I have left. I thus want to put more effort into spending time with my family and building meaningful strong bonds with my grandparents. After my death, I want to be regarded as a successful, autonomous person. I thus wish to shift my trajectory to one of career and independence. My current way of living leads me to assume that my goals are attainable and practical. I use the idea of lifelong learning, which aids in my personal development. According to Sodhani et al. (2020), lifelong learning helps people identify their own interests and goals, boosts other personal and professional abilities, and renews their sense of drive. In terms of my professional success, I want to be known as a person who upholds morally solid ideals and principles and does not compromise them under any circumstances. Furthermore, I want to be known as a dedicated professional who constantly works to get the greatest results by ensuring that she optimizes her potential.

Most people who are approaching death frequently go through internal adjustments that help them sharpen their emphasis on life. According to Corey et al. (2018), individuals who have accepted mortality are more likely to feel liberated and have the freedom to opt to accomplish the things they truly want to do. This feeling of liberty is something I want to incorporate more frequently into my everyday routine. By doing so, I can direct my attention toward my wants and goals rather than always attempting to meet those of others.

We encounter a wide variety of people throughout life. Some people will forget about you, while others will sometimes reminisce about you. Then there are some with whom you will always be close. I do not want to be one of those people that you forget about after graduation or due to a lack of contact. I want everyone to recall me as a trustworthy employee, a kind friend, a caring granddaughter, and a strong, independent lady.

References

Corey, G., Corey, M., & Muratori, M. (2018). I never knew I had a choice: Explorations in self-growth. Cengage Learning.

Sodhani, S., Chandar, S., & Bengio, Y. (2020). Toward training recurrent neural networks for lifelong learning. Neural Computation, 32(1), 1-35, Web.

Art of Courtly Love: Emotion of Love

Introduction

What is love? As explained in the paper, Capellanus Andreas explained it as a all-powerful and complex emotional experience that involves changes in your torso, including neurotransmitters (brain chemicals). It impacts your social relationships in contrasting ways, affecting your contact with those around you.

There are many types of love  like the love you share with your partner, family, and friends  and each version you experience is unique. It can fill you with sentiments ranging from joy to grief. Capellanus has other written versions of love including Law in the Court of love: Judgements of love, The Courtliness: Nature of Love among others but for todays research we shall look at his version of Courtly Love.

Love

Love is defined as a somewhat internal suffering that is derived from the sight of and extensive thinking about the beauty of the opposite gender. This later leads to someone wishing above all things that are embraced by the other person as they also wish and accept theirs. The suffering of love is always easy to deal with since the feeling becomes balanced on both sides although it causes pain in the fear that the love is not balanced and it lacked it desired outcome.

Love is derived from the word Amor which basically means capturing for the one who is in love is usually captured and entangled in the chains of things like desire and also wants to get others hooked up in his or her chains. It is said that love causes a normal man to be seen for his looks and it can humble even the person coming from very noble characters. Even though it is praised as much, love can also leave a man with the virtue of chastity since those who shine with the light from love do not think straight about embracing a woman, they know little or nothing about. Ovid, one of the most well-known Roman authors, might have easily laid the groundwork for Capellanus masterpiece with works like Amores (The Loves), Remedia Amoris (The Cure for Love), or Ars Amatoria, (The Art of Love) among others.

It is somehow not evident on what manner of love should be acquired. In the diversity of its definition, it is said that there are about five ways in which the act of love should or maybe acquired. The five ways include; taking it as beautiful thing, excelling in ones character, being always ready in terms of speech, having immense wealth, and being always ready to give out what is always sought of you. Even though there are the five ways for acquiring love, it is believed that the first three ways are more likely to be considered than the rest (Robertson, 1968).

Love, however, cannot exist except between two people different genders. Between similar sexes, two male or two women, the art of love cannot find place for similar sexes are viewed as no well fitted to give each other the exchanges of the feeling or even practicing the natural acts that are associated with love. Anything that is forbidden by nature, love will always be ashamed to accept it.

Beauty

Beautiful figures always win love with minimal to no effort especially when those seeking out the feeling are simple. While that kind of love is not blamed as much, there is not that much and great approval for it since it cannot be concealed for long and so it fails to increase. When love becomes revealed, usually it does not help with the lovers worthiness but it brands them with reputation for evil rumors and brings them grief.

A woman or man should not ask for beauty or even care for people from the high levels of birth since beauty does not fulfil or please if it lacks some goodness in it. The excellence of character usually blesses a man or woman with the act of true nobility and at the end makes them look good and flourish in beauty.

This is because all the human races come from the same stock and at some extent, we all claim to the same ancestor. Crown of love are diverse but character alone can be seen as the main one. Fluency of speech has many times given the incline to love the hearts of the one that do not love since the elaborative line of talk presumes the excellence of the speakers character.

The thought of love being gotten through earthly things lie money is somewhat wrong. That is because real love is not bought and it comes from the hearts affection granted out of pure grace and genuineness. The precious gift of love cannot be paid for at any set or amount of money and if any being, man or woman, is possessed with greed and avarice by giving themselves to a lover for a certain pay, then that is not considered as real love but rather counterfeited love (Burns, 2014).

Some women pretend to be the finest ladies and the best bred different from others and force men to fall in their traps and languish in love for them. Men are unknowingly robbed off all their wealth since they are deceived by the womens fallacious looks and are usually impelled by the womens clever and deceiving demands.

The said women are always asking for more and more things as long as the man they have set eyes on looks like a rich person and responds to their demands. Eventually, when the mans substance and riches are gone and they become exhausted, the same women despise and hate them. Later they just cast them out and they now appear in their real selves.

Deceit. Any man who would go out searching and seeking the womens love is seen as those classed out with shameless beings and does not deserve any help from anyone. Therefore, any love that seeks rewards should not be considered to be love anymore by anybody.

It should be seen as an act that is shameful and greedy since no mans wealth or generosity can satisfy or mitigate it. Any firm man should keep himself away from the allurements of such kind of women for a woman who really loves rejects and hates it when her lover gives her gifts in exchange for love and is willing to devote herself in helping him increase the wealth instead (Newman, 1968).

For a man to keep his love for long, he should make sure that it is not known by an outsider since they always try to destroy it. Furthermore, lovers ought to appear to their beloved as wise in all the respects and restrains of conduct and should not do anything that might make their lovers angry. Moreover, every person is entitled and bound in times of need to go to the aid of their loved ones where they both sympathize with each other. Nothing is considered to be sweeter and praise worthy of a lover than being known to be a generous person and no matter how someone might be otherwise, avarice always destroys them.

As a lover, a man should always offer almost all his services and freely obey their women. They should also set aside his pride and become humble in her presence. He should give her attention and act well towards her in the sense that no one will be sorry to call him out for his good deeds since they always ensure that everything is done perfectly. Love between two opposite sexes may be retained by indulging themselves in the sweet and well observed delightful deeds of the flesh, but in a way and manner that the loved one may never seem worried. A good lover should always make the good and right attempts of always bring in the company of well-mannered men in order to avoid the wicked side if the society.

Morals. Association with bad deeds and vulgar makes the lover look like some sought of contempt to their beloved. There are diverse ways to increase love between lovers after it seems consummated. It is said that in order for it to increase, each lover should see their opposite as rare and difficult to find. That way, the greater and difficulty in exchanging solaces increases their desire and love for one another. Other cases that tend to increase love is when one lover is angry at the other. This is because the other tends to fear losing him or her if the anger increase. Love also tends to increase after it is made public; normally it does not last and begins to frail away (Boase, 1977).

If one of the lovers is to be unfaithful, and maybe the unfaithful is a man, he renders himself as unworthy of the woman love and she should completely deprive him of her warm embraces because the feeling she once felt is now gone. With research and good reason, it has been found that a man is possible of continuous and excessive thinking about a woman in order to bring rise to a new form of love without having to get rid of the previous feeling of love. Therefore, if a woman finds out that her lover did anything of the sought and came back asking for her embraces, she should decline and forbid him from the house as well as treat him as if he was a complete stranger.

We all understand that there are other arguments on other types of love where we do wrong to our neighbors as told in the divine mandate where it is stated that every man is to be self-bidden and love himself. But even if new exclude what is told in the divine mandate, we are bond to live well and love our neighbors since no one can say that they always get along with their neighbors even for the shortest time. As a result, courtly love can be seen as the complex end result of multiple causes, particularly social, erotic, religious, and philosophical ones (Moore, 1979).

Kant (enlightenments approach). The 13th century saw the creation of the Roman de la Rose, a long allegorical poem that expresses the concept of a lover vacillating between happiness and despair. The 13th century also produced his one of the few medieval uses of the word courtly love, referring to Amor her Cortes, in the Occitan (Provençal) Romance Flamenca. (Occitan her Finamor and French amour fine are closely related terms, also used in medieval texts.)

Kant and Kierkegaard stated in their book: Hidden Debt demonstrated to Ronald Greene how Kierkegaards effort to obscure the effects of Kants analysis of the existence of evil in religion on his mind. Greene Kant was the first to investigate the part that anxiety (fear) plays in the feeling of ethical guilt. Kants theory, according to Kierkegaard, offered no methods for overcoming double dread. For Kant, the moral code was the highest norm he could appeal to, so he called it despair. But moral laws are impersonal norms that bind imperfect humans to the inflexible limits of pure reason.

Kant and Kierkegaard. It would be interesting to point out that love doesnt seem to play a major role in human life, which is the real issue in Kants philosophy in this regard. The essay explores how Kant and Kierkegaard view love in their respective field of work. Lets start by looking at Kants moral metaphysics account of love. Then, it concentrates on Kierkegaards works of love and the significance of love in his philosophy (Holman, 1951).

As is well known, Kant considered not only saving the empirical science represented by Newtons physics, but also making room for faith in his critical philosophy. Kant also gave Hope a significant role in his major project. His third major question in critical philosophy is, What can I expect? However, his third of the traditional theological virtues stands out because it is absent from Kants thought. We must consider whether a philosophy that is unable to locate the center of love is humanly satisfying.

For charity in Kants philosophy, his attitude is directed toward the human inclination on ethics. Kants self-centered conscience often despaired with self-love as a form of disposition. Kant squabble that moral law requires that we act out of duty rather than impulse. As a result, love must simply be confounded to the ethical requirement of respect for others. As Kant argues,

  • Anything that advocates self-love should be forsaken from moral philosophy, and only something worthy of respect should be offered, e.g., Obligations to Self, Justice, and Conscience. These things may not make us love objects, but they can lift our heads and look people straight in the eye, if not defiantly.

According to Kant, love and respect are feelings that come with accountability to others. With love comes the obligation to demand commitment on others. Respect includes obligations that we do not oblige to others. They may exist separately, but are always lawfully united in their obligations, one being dominant in a distinct case and the other accompanying it. In Kants ethical theory, the union of love and respect is what makes the concept of love so burdensome that it cannot function as a source of spiritual enlightenment, as Kierkegaard did (Kelly, 1978).

Kant goes on to say that the demand for justice is superior to the claim because it is a principle that limits. Can we apply this to mens love? For Kant, it looks like respect for men is more valuable than love because it limits. Kant treats gratitude as the manifestation of this accord. Gratitude is honoring someone for something they have done for us. The associated feeling to this judgment is respect to the benefactor (mandatory), while the benefactor is seen only in a loving relationship towards the beneficiary.

As Kant asserts, thus mans love requires itself, to portray the world as a delightful moral whole with all its perfection, even if one does not take into account the benefits of happiness. But then, the moral order must be incomplete because of our inability to achieve mere friendship, let alone justice.

Kant considers noble friendships doable, although rare. Moral friendship is described as the total confidence of two persons in the mutual disclosure of their private judgments and feelings, to the extent that these findings are compatible with normal respect. This type of friendship that is not dependent on affection may not be suitable as time goes on. The friendship offered by someone fulfills our need to express our most intimate thoughts to someone.

Nietzsche (Nihilism approach). Nietzsche uncovers loves least alluring impulses, undercutting every false illusion about it. Nietzsche asserts that love may be the plainest expression of selfishness, challenging romantic ideals of sensual love. Love, in his opinion, is similar to greed and the drive to possess. Since love is an instinctual force rooted in our biological and cultural dynamics, it cannot be seen as a morally upright behavior. Additionally, socializing these tendencies frequently results in discrimination and even psychological anguish, particularly in women.

However, he doesnt seem to be trying to persuade his readers that love, in its self-serving manifestations, has to be transformed, nor does he imply that even the most widespread love fantasies require correction. Instead, he noted that for this love to work, there must be a strong human inclination toward sensual love, and he applauded some of the ingenuity of the art of love and roles. the part each person plays. These roles are played differently by men and women, and Nietzsche spends a lot of time emphasizing the massive differences between the sexes responses to romantic love.

Aphorism 14 exemplifies Nietzsches attempts to reveal the more self-centered reasons that encompass sensual love. Here, Nietzsche asserts that the sensation of both love and avarice is driven by the need to own and assimilate, to transform something new into oneself.

Nietzsche writes, Greed and love: what different feeling these two terms evoke! However, its possible that the same instinct is at work and has two different names  once deprecated by those who have, and who are afraid of their possessions, and the other time seen from the point of view of those who are not satisfied but still thirsty (ODonoghue, 2006).

The experiences of greed and love are the same drive or instinct, but depending upon the level of satisfaction one has achieved, this drive will be alternatively named greed or love: people who feel their possessions (their lover for example) threatened by others will name others instinct for gain greed or avarice, whereas those who are still searching out something new to desire will impose a positive evaluation on that instinct and call it love.

Love is really a desire to possess something else. This has been exaggerated and glorified by those who seek to gain something else through love. In this essay, the authors question the meaning of love, specifically its altruistic and greed-based aspects. Nietzsches larger project is to destabilize the alleged state of moral opposites.

Nietzsche discusses how instinct manifests differently in the different sexes in aphorism 363, How Each Sex Has Its Own Prejudice About Love. Nietzsche claims that men and women do not have equal rights to love because they each see love as a different thing. They do not have the same expectations about the opposite sex and the romantic experiences they will share with each other.

Conclusion

Since Nietzsches writings on love have had a large impact on feminist reflections on sexuality/gender, there is a lot of discussion about what he means by love. Although he does not make any elevated assertions about how one should fall in love, his discussion of the difficult impact of erotic and romantic relationships on women, as well as commentary his book about the ironies that both sexes encounter in love, force readers of both sexes to examine their roles in love. Its hard to read these statements without wondering if youre doing things wrong in your romantic relationships.

Reference

Boase, R. (1977). The origin and meaning of courtly love: a critical study of European scholarship. Manchester University Press.

Burns, E. J. (2014). Courtly love undressed. In Courtly Love Undressed. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Delahoyde M and Capellanus A: The Art of Courtly Love.

Holman, C. H. (1951). Courtly Love in the Merchants and the Franklins Tales. ELH, 18(4), 241-252.

Kelly, D. (1978). Medieval Imagination: Rhetoric and the Poetry of Courtly Love. Univ of Wisconsin Press.

Moore, J. C. (1979).  Courtly Love: A Problem of Terminology. Journal of the History of Ideas, 40(4), 621-632.

Newman, F. X. (1968). The Meaning of Courtly Love: Papers of the First Annual Conference of the Center for Medicine. State University of New York Press.

ODonoghue, B. (2006). The reality of courtly love. In Writings on love in the English middle ages (pp. 7-24). Palgrave Macmillan, New York.

Robertson Jr, D. W. (1968). The concept of courtly love as an impediment to the understanding of medieval texts. The meaning of courtly love, 1-18.

The Advantages of a Failure in Society

Introduction

Society considers failure a significant obstacle in the way of personal goals and objectives throughout all stages of life. The concept brings immediate negative connotations and associations. Hence, the idea created even more complex issues such as fear of failure and connected emotions such as anxiety, humiliation, and shame. However, failure itself is an essential element of the natural development of an individual, skills, and knowledge.

Discussion

The concept can be seen through the perspective of theoretical mistakes that provoke fear and the actual failure that happened in an individuals personal experience. Motivation for success and feelings of loss are internal forces that each person has authority over independently. Self-control is essential for people to regulate themselves and control behaviors deemed valid and most likely to accomplish previously established objectives (Bolton et al., 2020). The feeling of failure-related fear is the first element that defines the mistake even more than the failure itself. Fear is an emotion preoccupied with failing, anxiety, and fear of shame and humiliation. When people delay doing anything because they are worried about failing, their surroundings react negatively toward them. The alternative solution is to postpone accomplishing the task and get an unpleasant response. Hence, procrastination as a process occurs due to the fear that overtakes an individuals mind and damages the ability to perform the most effectively.

At the same time, if the failure occurs in the personal experience, it shifts focus to the weaker areas supporting the issue. For instance, I experienced failure in academic performance, trying to achieve the highest scores in all disciplines. Despite high motivation, I could not concentrate on each subject; consequently, neither was appropriately studied. I analyzed the whole study process after the failure occurred in the form of insufficient scores and came to various conclusions. First, I learned to create small, realistic goals to follow the more significant objectives. For instance, preparing for each class separately could help me to develop a system, making the process more automatic for the memory and perception mechanism. Second, I learned that the learning process was more complicated because fear of failure existed throughout the year due to the constant focus on the exams. Therefore, the feeling and impact of the failure directly correspond to the time during which the idea and goal exist in the mind.

Moreover, there are many qualities of a character that are shaped throughout the acceptance of a mistake. For instance, the main contribution made to the resilience feature. It is connected with overcoming difficulties or challenges in life, particularly by exhibiting mental, psychological, and social adaptability and adjusting to both internal and external expectations. Another unexpected outcome is that the issue built creativity by applying possible solutions to the situation, which could have helped avoid failure. The modeling approach can be helpful in future practices and personal life. This situation also helped me develop new study approaches and accept new methods and strategies. Hence, the failure analysis process influenced emotional and practical personality areas.

Conclusion

Thus, a mistake is integral to human development, affecting various aspects of personal existence. It may awaken new solutions and ways for better outcomes in future practices, shape a strong personality, and create a fundament for problem analysis. Regardless of the issues contribution to the general life and experience results, the emotional background, such as fear of failure, can harm even more, creating invisible barriers that stop an individuals development.

Reference

Bolton, C., & Miskiolu, E., & Martin, K. M. (2020). WIP: Motivation and identity: The impact of identity on recovering from failure. ASEE Virtual Annual Conference. Web.

The Four Seasons Resort Whistler Hotels Analysis

Introduction

Four Seasons Resort Whistler is a 5-star hotel and resort located at 4591 Blackcomb Way Whistler, British V8E 0Y4, Canada. The resort is nestled among evergreen alpine forests, presenting a premium luxury mountain lodge and offering getaways throughout the year. A Canadian entrepreneur founded Four Seasons in the 1960s; however, Bill Gates has been the majority owner of the resort since 2007 (Forbes, 2021). The resorts top management includes Estreya Gosalbez and John Davison as the general manager and chief executive officer, respectively. The Four Seasons targets leisure travelers who require an intimate mountain experience and business individuals who are attracted to their top brands and services; the resort has redefined meetings through virtual and in-person connections.). Currently, the resort has 273 premium rustic suites with 24-hour personalized impeccable service.

Hotel Facilities/Services

The staff at Four Seasons are of international quality and have a passion for exemplary hospitality. The resort is equipped with a vast gym offering free lessons to hosts, including classes on Pilates, yoga, aerobics, spinning, and circuit lessons (Four Seasons, 2021). The resort has two outdoor heated pools measuring approximately 75ft and a 14-treatment room spa that offers a post-flight facial to sky massage administered by the seaweeds as well as hot stones (Four Seasons, 2022). Four Seasons offers outdoor activities that include workouts within the Lost Lake, hiking, snowboarding, biking, guided tours, and skiing. The resort also offers ample parking, laundry services, kids clubs, free Wi-Fi, and bar and restaurant services to its clients.

Loyalty Programs

Four Seasons does not offer traditional loyalty programs; however, it has it focuses on recognition attained through customer feedback. The resort has a Preferred Partner program, an invite-only program offered to travel agencies (Expedia, 2021). The program allows companies to give exceptional customer care and service. Preferred Partners at Four Seasons include complimentary perks during the stay period, including complimentary airport transfers, breakfast and upgrades, and extra services. Four Seasons also has an Elite program where customers are offered an invitation-only status that includes hotel credits, breakfast, and dinners.

Guest Rooms

The guest rooms at Four Seasons feature new furnishes, with modern furniture and fittings with bespoke additions. The prominent mid-century inspires the finishings of furnishes with a custom interior that complements a tonic experience in each guest room (Four Seasons. (2021). The guestrooms also have ash wood credenzas that contrast with raw-edge coffee tables, giving them an exemplary look. Moreover, the modern beds with a touch of traditional frames complement the plush wall covers in rustic, well-woven textiles, giving the Four Seasons guestrooms stylish elements.

Hotel Impression

Four Seasons Whistler is situated in an amazing location around Blackcomb gondolas, a few minutes walk from the prominent Whistler Village. Different amenities within the resort give guests and customers the best shopping experience and a rustic nature walk (Expedia, 2021). The general appearance of Four Seasons illuminates a modern European charm, style, and sophistication. The sophistication features of the Four Seasons resort are rooted in the outdoors, which complements the wood, granite, stones, and cozy chairs.

Rate Analysis

The rates charged at Four Seasons vary with dates, number of guests, and the preferred type of room. For instance, guests scheduled to check in on October 2 and check out on the third will pay a resort fee amounting to CA$ 25 inclusive of taxes and guest reservations that include fitness classes and biking. In addition, the room rates for two adults are charged at CAD 450 per night for a superior room offering one king bed. A deluxe room with one king bed costs CAD 555 in addition to the resort and tax fees per night. A deluxe executive suite with one king bed charges CAD 780, while a two-bedroom executive suite hosting five adults costs CAD 1225 per night before tax and resort fees.

Promotions or Specials Available

Four Seasons Resort has promotions and offers on different occasions. Some special offers include celebration getaways; the offer is valid among the elected dates between October 2022 and December 2023 (Four Seasons, 2021). Celebration offers target guests spending a minimum of two nights where they get discounts amounting to CAD 100 and CAD 150 for stays in the guest room and executive suite, respectively (Four Seasons, 2021). It also allows late check-out up to 4 p.m. and free parking for one car per room. Stay longer offer is given to guests staying more than five days, where they get a complimentary free fifth night; the guests also get a complimentary wine tasting between 4 pm and 5 pm (Four Seasons, 2021). The Whistler weekday advantage gives guests 20% off more than a two-night stay over weekdays

Room Types

Four Seasons has different rooms; the resort rooms contain a gas fireplace and courtyard with one king bed measuring approximately 521 sq ft. Deluxe rooms have a cozy interior with wood finishes, a gas fireplace, and a balcony that offers beautiful scenery of the surrounding forests (Four Seasons, 2021). Deluxe Four Seasons Executive suite rooms are specifically customed for families who visit for longer stays; the rooms are approximately 850 sq ft king bed and an extra sofa in the living area. Another type is the premier room; the rooms are spacious, with their balconies offering the best view of the surrounding forests (Four Seasons, 2022). Deluxe and executive suites are also fitted with gas fireplaces and one king-bed

Competitor Hotels

Fairmont Chateau Whistler is one of the primary competitors of Four Seasons Resort. The hotel is located approximately one mile from Whistler Village; guests at this resort enjoy affordable stunning views and different amenities along the Blackcomb stretch (Forbes, 2021). The resort also has a jacuzzi, cribs, a fitness center, and a spa. Another close competitor is Hyatt Hotels and Resorts, an American hospitality corporation with its headquarters in Chicago, Illinois (Forbes, 2021). The resort has approximately twenty premier brands and more than 850 properties. The resort ranked closer to Four Seasons in 2019 in a Net Promoter Score (NPS).

Total Cost Analysis

A celebration getaway is an offer valid for selected dates between October 2022 and December 2023. The cost breakdown will focus on the analysis for the dates 16th and 17th October 2022. During this celebration getaway, the guests will be ushered in for a romantic mountain getaway. At the cost of approximately CAD 1446.9, guests will enjoy many treats with their loved ones; the price is inclusive of all costs, including the resort and tax charges. Celebration getaway offers a CAD 150 discount on dinner, free parking for one vehicle, and complimentary wine tasting between 4 and 5 p.m. daily (Whistler, 2022). During the celebration getaway, whether it is a birthday celebration, babymoon, engagement, or anniversary, the hotel will arrange different treats for the guests. This includes the Honeybee Jubilee package, where balloons and petals are offered in an array of styles; the guests also get an evergreen love package, which is offered as a surprise upon entering the room (Whistler, 2022). Black Diamond is another package during the getaway celebration; this is a custom-curated surprise package, including bespoke balloons, florals, and champagne.

Particulars Costs (CAD)
Accommodation (executive suite) 450
Parking charges 48
Resort charges 25
Taxes 5%
Breakfast 66
Dinner 250 (150)
Total for one night 723.45
Total costs 1446.9

Conclusion

Four Seasons Resort Whistler is a 5-star hotel and resort located at 4591 Blackcomb Way Whistler, British V8E 0Y4, Canada. The hotel bookings can be made online through different travel agencies. The agency companies include Expedia.com, hotels.com, travel, and the Four Seasons website. For the bookings between 25th and 26th October 2022, the preferred booking agency is Expedia.com because it is cheaper than other options. It is also better to book directly because it does not have extra charges.

References

Expedia. (2021). Bot or not? Bot or Not?. Web.

Forbes. (2021). Four Seasons resort and residences Whistler. Forbes Travel Guide. Web.

Four Seasons. (2019). Photos & videos. Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts | Luxury Hotels | Four Seasons. Web.

Four Seasons. (2021). Whistler weekday advantage. Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts | Luxury Hotels | Four Seasons. Web.

Four Seasons. (2022). Four Seasons Whistler. The Telegraph. Web.

Four Seasons. (2022). Whistler weekday advantage. Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts | Luxury Hotels | Four Seasons. Web.

The Daddy-Less Daughters Self-Perception

Perception is defined as how you view the world and the people around you; it is influenced by how you see things, your interactions with people, and how you interact with things. Discernment can either be positive or negative and this is affected by how one thinks. How you see and think of yourself affects the way you think and judge the people and things around you (De Lange 37). How we perceive ourselves is determined by three main components. Self-awareness tends to explain who we are, it is vital because knowing who you are helps to define you and know your worth. The second component is self-concept, this is simply what you think and feel yourself, this is important since it affects your attitude toward the outside world. The third component is self-esteem, which is the overall value we assign ourselves. It is simply the courage we have and confidence in ourselves toward achieving a particular objective

This paper will focus on public versus private perception based on lecture lesson 3. Our work and research are based on a daddy-less daughter who narrates how she always feels about herself when other people are discussing or talking about their fathers. She narrates to her father when they first meet and the experience is so good that she has a lot to tell the father about what has been happening in her social life (Zimmer-Gembeck 42).

She also gives detailed information on how the daddy planned a day shopping and water park, on that very day the dad bought her two pairs of shoes, cloth, and swimming clothes. It was a nice experience filled with much confusion since she had not known her dad for nine years and here her grandmother was taking her to someone, she claimed to be her father and the last three letters of her name came from the first three letters of his name.

The daddy-less daughter was positive about meeting her father. At this point, she had a self-perception of joy. The joy all other girls and children felt because they had their fathers and that feeling of having your parents around. The daughter has much fun with her father she feels that her world was complete and what she was missing had been filled. At this point, we get to see the self-based perception. The daughter at first was thinking of herself as a loner in a way that the father was not around and this affected how she viewed others. She kept admiring the lives of others feeling jealous of seeing other people with parents (Giananti 122).

To hear those who had their parents were lucky and she did not see herself in that bracket. She had been living for nine years with no one to call a daddy and she even felt like she did not have one, this lowered her self-esteem.

The joy of a daddy-less daughter was temporary, when she woke the next day, her father was gone, and the father was not around to give her all she wanted. Her joy faded away since her feeling of having no father was back. The gap was also evident since the father who was filling it was long gone when she was asleep, which was not positive for her. The daddy-less daughter expresses her frustrations on how she wanted to feel loved and safe under her fathers wings. The daddy-less child wanted to have a new life with the daddy in it and around, she wanted it to boast her relationship socially and romantically (De Lange et al 54).

The author goes ahead and narrates how no child in their growing and upbringing should have experienced what a daddy-less daughter was going through. He says that we are to have all parents love, if possible, the availability of a thing that if not taken will affect life socially and romantically.

The daddy-less daughter in realizing that the father is not around might not be part of her life soon reflects on it. She thinks about how positivity she can build herself without blaming herself which she isnt supposed to blame for her father not being around. Our perception affects our way of thinking. Daddy-less daughter does the same, she thinks of how to make her life positive without faking anything (Giananti 64). Faking does not last for long and ends up making people feel bad about what they faked in their selves affecting their perception, and bringing the conflict of public versus private perception.

Public perception is the image that we portray ourselves to the outside world. The image that we make people judge us on who we are and sometimes it might not be the real us. Most people in the world live a double life, that is the image and profile that they give the outside world and the real them differ. The daddy-less daughter did not want this to happen to her; she wanted to live her real life and for her father to be part of her life and love her like other girls her age. She wanted to count herself among the fortunate people she thought other daughters were but now the feeling was short-lived. Daddy-less daughter decided to perceive herself in a positive matter something that will make her happy and improve her self-esteem not that she was aware of who she was and what she wanted in this life.

In the daddy-less daughter, the narrators perception is negative. The negativity is seen in how he describes the life of a daddy-less daughter when the grandmother was taking her to see her daddy something that brought small happiness to her then disappeared. The narrator goes ahead and says how the mother went to jail because she got pregnant with the father when she was 16 years old and the father was 13 years old. Daddy-less child internalized all that she was being told by her grandmother and this kept her feeling bad.

At this point, we understand why the narrators perception is negative since he knows the child is daddy-less and her mother was arrested and she is her only custodian. She could best try to make her not know what happened to her rather keeping on telling her about all those things that happened to her (Lechowska 13). This brings the negative perception of the narrator but the daughter tries her best way ever to bring positivity in life and make herself happy.

In conclusion, perception comes from how you feel about yourself and those around you. The daddy-less daughter realized that the gap in her life should not affect who she is. Public perception is how people see and judge you on what you have shown or market to them about yourself. You influence your public perception with what you feel and make others feel about you. On the other hand, private perception is what you are and what you do when you are alone (Zimmer-Gembeck 66).

Private perception always affects your public perception. In Daddy-less daughter public perception is about what the narrator and the grandmother think about her and it is negative but in private perception is what the daddy-less daughter feels about herself and it is positive. She develops positivity after realizing that nobody will feel the gap but herself and make herself happy and this will also improve her self-esteem.

Works Cited

De Lange, Floris P., Micha Heilbron, and Peter Kok. How do expectations shape perception? Trends in cognitive sciences 22.9 (2018): 764-779.

Giananti, Andrea. I know how I know: perception, self-awareness, self-knowledge. Synthese 198.11 (2021): 10355-10375.

Lechowska, Ewa. What determines flood risk perception? A review of factors of flood risk perception and relations between its basic elements. Natural Hazards 94.3 (2018): 1341-1366.

Zimmer-Gembeck, Melanie J., et al. The self-perception of flexible coping with stress: A new measure and relations with emotional adjustment. Cogent psychology 5.1 (2018): 1537908.

Family Nursing Care Plans Development

Introduction

For performing the family health assessment, the Yosleidy family residing in Miami, Florida, was selected. The assessment was conducted on the basis of the provided set of questions. The researcher has conducted interviews with each member of the family in order to gather the data needed for performing the assessment.

Assessment

  1. The Yosleidys are a nuclear family consisting of Mr. Yosleidy, aged 45, Mrs. Yosleidy, aged 47, and their children: Alicia, aged 17, Lima, aged 20, and Juan, aged 22. Thus, there are two males and two females in the family. The Yosleidys originate from Latin America and identify themselves as Hispanic.
  2. The parents are certainly the leaders of the family. Mr. And Mrs. Yosleidy consider themselves equal in the leadership position and believe that they do not follow gender stereotypes when indicating the leader of the family. Mrs. Yosleidy is the primary provider since her income is stable, unlike the income of Mr. Yosleidy. The other providers are Mr. Yosleidy, Juan, and Lima.
  3. Mrs. Yosleidy has been diagnosed with Stage I bipolar disorder a few years ago. Her mental state occasionally makes her withdraw from communication with the children and husbands, which definitely affects the family function, influencing her ability to fulfill her roles of a mother and wife.
  4. The home is in a perfect physical condition. It is comfortable and has all the necessary facilities. All the children have separate rooms. The family mostly subsists on Mrs. Yosleidys salary of an accountant. Mr. Yosleidy is a fiction writer; his earnings are considerable but irregular. Lima and Juan work to satisfy their needs, but their housing expenses are paid by the parents.
  5. In general, the family members are accomplishing their developmental tasks appropriately.
  6. Alicias current developmental state causes stress in the family, even though it is a normal condition for an adolescent. She is trying to behave like an adult and wants to get a job, but her parents consider her not mature enough and advise her to focus on her studies and, most importantly, the preparation for applying to college.
  7. The family has successfully completed the previous developmental stages: Mr. and Mrs. Yosleidy have met and created a family, gone through the complicated period of the newly married adults, given birth to the children, gone through the steps of school and preschool children (if Alicias one remaining year of school is not counted). The parents have successfully prepared their children for their future life and given them the necessary resources to become autonomous persons. The family is now approaching the stage of middle-aged adults. Lima and Juan are planning to live on their own, and Alicia will most likely be leaving for college in a year.
  8. No predispositions to disease in the family were reported by the clients.
  9. The Yosleidys have taken all the required vaccinations, as well as all the vaccinations recommended by the state government of Florida due to the serious concern of Mr. and Mrs. Yosleidy about the health and well-being of their family.
  10. As it was already mentioned, Alicia is experiencing problems in communication with her parents because of her coming of age and their complications with accepting their child in her new position of an adult.
  11. No family member is currently admitted to hospital.
  12. The mode of family communication is consensual. The parents treasure open conversation; the mode of communication is affective due to the general emotionality of the family members (Koerner & Fitzpatrick, 2005, p. 56-57). According to Mrs. Yosleidy, it is normal for the people of Hispanic heritage to be affectionate towards their children and receive the same in return.
  13. In the family, crucial decisions that would have an impact on the entire family are made at the family council, where all family members are allowed to express their opinions freely without any regard to their age, but the councils are held under the leadership of Mr. and Mrs. Yosleidy. In case if a serious decision impacts only a particular member (for instance, Lima decides to buy a car with her own money), they are expected to consult with the other family members but make a decision themselves. Alicia is expected to rely heavily on her parents opinion while making decisions for two reasons: she does not have her own money, and she is younger than others. This mode applies to her selection of colleges.
  14. No evidence of family violence was received. Mr. and Mrs. Yosleidy believe that a child is a person capable of agency, reflection, and understanding of the consequences of their actions. In addition, they think that their children are too mature for punishments. For these reasons, they prefer conversation as a form of discipline.
  15. The family generally deals with crisis well due to the openness of the family members to each other and their ability to communicate effectively. For instance, when Lima was in a relationship with an abuser, her family members supported her and helped her stop this relationship.
  16. The Yosleidy are not deeply religious. They are fond of traditions when it comes to kitchen or holidays, but their views on health and lifestyle are contemporary. For instance, they do not consider that having sexual life in teen ages or applying for mental help is shameful. Such views of the parents have influenced the thinking and, hence, the behavior of their children, which has an impact on their health.
  17. The main family goal is to make all family members content with their lifestyle. The current goal is to educate the children, particularly help Alicia to get to a college and help Juan and Lima finish their higher education.
  18. The sources of external support are the familys counselor, Alicias educators, and the mental health specialist at Lima and Juans colleges. Internal support may be received from Mr. and Mrs. Yosleidys parents, who are both on good terms and in frequent communication with the family.
  19. Mrs. Yosleidy is experiencing a role conflict: she is spending more time at work than with the children. Conversely, Mr. Yosleidy is at home almost all the time, and he speaks to children or engage in activities with them rather often. Mrs. Yosleidy considers this situation somewhat inconsistent with her necessity to fulfill the role of a mother.
  20. The family has emergency plans for a crisis. These plans involve their sources of support and bank savings. They also have a shelter under their yard.

Nursing Diagnoses

In the course of the assessment, three nursing diagnoses were identified.

First, Mrs. Yosleidy is concerned about the fact that her disease (Stage I bipolar disorder) has a negative impact on her communication with family and her fulfillment of motherly duties. Among the people of her cultural heritage, it is considered that a mother should be devoted and attentive to her children, but the disease forces her to limit the communication with them at the times of crisis. This contradiction may make the outcomes of her disease even more complicated for her.

Second, the fact that Mrs. Yosleidy has a stable income while the income of her husband can vary, which is why she is the primary provider, has an impact on her motherly role and, hence, her mental condition as well. Mrs. Yosleidy is worried about the insufficient amount of time that she spends with her children, as well as she feels that their father is closer to them than herself. She believes that such a distribution of time is inappropriate for a mother, but her work leaves her no choice. A conflict between the roles of a mother and a provider can be clearly seen in Mrs. Yosleidy (Duxbury & Higgins, 1994, p. 56).

Third, Alicias coming of age creates problems in the communication between her and her parents. Alicia has reached a new stage of development, which is consistent with the norms of healthcare (Bornstein, Hahn, &Haynes, 2010, p. 719-729) and the traditions of the American society. However, her parents cannot accept the fact that their daughter is becoming an adult and will soon lead an independent life. Such a situation leads to tension in the family. In fact, this reaction is widespread among the parents of adolescents (Hatherley, 2014, p. 65).

Nursing Care Plan

Using the knowledge of the nursing process, the collected data, and the established diagnoses, the researcher has developed a specific nursing care plan.

The goals of the nursing care are: reduce the impact of bipolar disorder on the fulfillment of motherly duties by Mrs. Yosleidy; eliminate the conflict between the roles of a mother and a provider in Mrs. Yosleidy; make Mr. and Mrs. Yosleidy accept that their daughter is becoming an adult.

The outcomes of the nursing care are: increase the participation of the family members in the treatment of Mrs. Yosleidys disease; modify the way, in which Mrs. Yosleidy fulfills her motherly duties; improve the communication between Alicia and her parents.

The mentioned goals and outcomes should be achieved through the fulfillment of the following nursing orders:

  1. Enlightening the other family members on the nature of Mrs. Yosleidys disease and the ways, in which the family can help her to cope with the disease (Reinares, Colom, Rosa, Bonnin, Franco, Sole, Kapczinski, & Vieta, 2009, p. 84-86). Her relatives can consult special literature regarding the issue.
  2. Deciding on the ways, in which Mrs. Yosleidy can fulfill her motherly role without leaving her job. For instance, she can spend more time with the children on her days off while Mr. Yosleidy is doing all the housework on these days.
  3. Assigning more adult tasks to Alicia, which would, firstly, help her parents to become sure that she is mature enough and, secondly, let her try an adult role. For example, she can organize a family holiday or make a presentation to the family about her college choice, explaining the advantages and disadvantages of her choice.

Conclusion

For the present work, the researcher has selected the Yosleidy family and conducted an assessment relying on client interviews. Based on the assessment, three nursing diagnoses were established. A specific nursing care plan was developed for the family.

References

Bornstein, M.H., Hahn, C., & Haynes, M.O. (2010). Social competence, externalizing, and internalizing behavioral adjustment from early childhood through early adolescence: Developmental cascades. Development and Psychopathology, 22(4), 717-735.

Duxbury, L., & Higgins, C. (1994). Interference between work and family. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 9(3-4), 55-80.

Hatherley, P. (2014). Developmental tasks for children, adolescents & adults. Bloomington, Indiana: Balboa Press.

Koerner, A., & Fitzpatrick, M.A. (2005). Family communication patterns theory: A social cognitive approach. In D.O. Braithwaite & L.A. Baxter (Eds.), Engaging theories in family communication: Multiple perspectives (pp. 50-65). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications.

Reinares, M., Colom, F., Rosa, A.R., Bonnin, C.M., Franco, C., Sole, B., Kapczinski, F., & Vieta, E. (2009). The impact of staging bipolar disorder on treatment outcome of family psychoeducation. Journal of Affective Disorders, 123(1-3), 81-86.