Category: Divorce

In this paper, we are going to discuss the impact of divorce on children. In particular, we need to analyze a situation when a married couple is on the point of break-up, however, they are concerned with the well-being of their children (a boy of 5 and a girl of 9), and they cannot decide whether they should cease their relationships immediately or wait until their children grow up. Our task is to propose a solution, which may address this problem. In order to do it, we should pay extra attention to such parameters as the physiological atmosphere in the family, socio-economic and educational status of both parents, age group of the son and daughter, the level or degree of compatibility between spouses, and so forth (Emery, 2004; Fischer, 2007). Overall, we can say that there is no universal approach to this issue as much depends on the circumstances. We need to describe the line of reasoning of a psychotherapist.

It stands to reason, that divorce, in itself is not conducive to the happiness of children because upbringing usually involves both sexes, and each parent can implant different qualities in his or her offspring. Nevertheless, it does not actually mean that a single father or mother is incapable of doing it. As it has been noted earlier, the spouses may wait until their children become more mature. At first glance, such an option may appear quite plausible as this will enable both of them to bring up their son and daughter. But, this variant is applicable only under the condition that both parents can set aside their personal disliking or sometimes even aversion to one another. There is a widely-held opinion that it is much better for them at least to make pretense of harmonious conjugal relations than to dissolute their marriage. Nonetheless, the results of many studies indicate that occasionally this is not the best decision (Applewhite, 2009). There are several reasons for psychologists to make such a statement: first: people, who try to suppress their feelings and emotions (and this married couple will definitely have to do so) are bound to vent their spleen or anger on the weaker person or persons (as a rule, children). Another drawback is that the boy and girl would feel that parents make sacrifices for them. This may eventually give rise to guilt complex and the sense of being a burden. In addition to that, one cannot presume that they will not notice constant squabbles of mother and father. The quarrels in the family may lead to depression, autism, poor communication skills, etc (Emery, 2004). In the long term, this will affect both children (irrespective of their age or sex). Yet, a girl will be more vulnerable as she is older and more sensitive to those troubles within the family. Thus, we may say that prolongation of marriage may be acceptable only if partners will be acting in such a way that their offspring will not realize that this is just a well-staged performance; otherwise, this will result only in adverse consequences.

Psychotherapists may propose a different approach to this dilemma. The parents may choose to divorce one another, and either wife or husband will take both son and daughter. Many studies suggest that a single parent has the capacity to educate both children (Applewhite, 2009). But this option is also not devoid of potential hurdles. First, partners may avidly contest their rights for children, and sometimes the trial may last for many years (Gurman, 2008). Certainly, this is not directly relevant to the field of psychology but we can draw many examples proving that the boy and girl may suffer even after the break-up only due to their parents continuous disputes. Secondly, some other difficulties have to be surmounted, for instance, if neither of the spouses has the ability, competence to raise them. Again, we have to stress the idea that divorce is always deep trauma for infants, and its impact may manifest itself only with time passing. With the reference to this specific situation, we may argue that the girl will be more susceptible. Being four years older than her sibling, she will be much more aware that she is deprived of one of her birth-givers. The same rule will apply to the boy, especially after three or four years. In order to avoid this negative influence, it is vital to develop visiting schedule, as this will at least alleviate the feeling of loss (Applewhite, 2009). It is not easy to give any specific tips for this couple. Perhaps, they should wait for a certain period of time: family therapists maintain that such tensions may occur quite regularly but eventually partners overcome them and live happily (Gurman, 2008).

Provided that no compromise has been made, this couple should better divorce. Of course, this piece of advice is not very consolatory, but on the whole, a break-up is less detrimental than permanent squabbles and quarrels of parents. Given the fact, that happiness of children is at stake, it is more desirable for them to separate from one another, as this is the lesser of two evils. Our analysis is very far from being complete because it lacks details and valid information. In point of fact, we have attempted to describe the criteria on which family therapist should base their judgment.

Bibliography

1. Applewhite. A. A (2009). Does divorce devastate children?
2. Emery R (2004). The truth about children and divorce: dealing with the emotions so you and your children can thrive. Viking
3. Fischer. T (2007). Parental Divorce and Childrens Socio-economic Success: Conditional Effects of Parental Resources Prior to Divorce, and Gender of the Child. Sociology. (41), p 475.
4. Gurman. A (2008). Clinical handbook of couple therapy. Guilford Press.

The men and women in the force have always been associated with violent tendencies and are accused of being inhuman. Whether this is a fallacy or not, it can only be clarified by those who have had the opportunity to interact with them. It has been argued in the past that even a soft person has the ability to change drastically for the worst once they join the army. But perhaps the whole blame cannot be laid entirely on them. The kind of training they undergo and the kind of life they lead make them change. As much as there are unique reasons that lead servicemen to divorce, the reasons are more or less the same as those leading civilians to separate.

The major reason causing military divorce is due to the fact that the military men and women dont have enough time to spend with their families. Unlike other professions, a military person is supposed to report to their designation promptly. There is no room for questions or excuses in this field. As a result of this, the significant others prefer giving up on their marriages and doing it on their own.

Secondly, due to the fact of being away from each other for a significant amount of time, military relationships and marriages are full of infidelity. It has become a common phenomenon for soldiers deployed to keep the peace or any assignment of the sort to be accused of sexual crimes against native women.

As discussed earlier, due to their nature of training and the nature of the job, the military tends to be emotionally imbalanced with violent tendencies. On the other hand, most of their partners are civilians who, with time, cannot stand these violent tendencies. Most of the couples have separated, citing domestic violence.

In addition, other partners have cited a lack of job security as the major cause of divorce. This is especially so for the career-conscious people who have dreams of advancing in their careers. Due to the culture of moving from one location to the other, their spouses are constantly applying for jobs. With the current rate of unemployment, this becomes hard for them to secure jobs. With a passion for their career, some spouses prefer to end their marriages in order to achieve their professional dream.

Furthermore, this culture of constant movement is not conducive, especially for school-going childrenthese calls for changing schools every now and then with every deployment. Eventually, the child ends up being left a step behind by children their age. This has become a common worry with parents. It has scientifically been proven that children have some period of time before they adapt to their new environment. When this is done repeatedly, the children seem to lose focus and thus lag behind.

According to Welmer (par. 1), some partners divorce due to the fact that benefits are assured for divorcing spouses, especially if they have children. This guarantees them financial security and thus do not see the need to put up with a spouse who, after all, is rarely available when they need them the most.

As a result of this, coupled with the normal hardships of military life, the rate of death among servicemen and women has also increased. According to Waddington (par. 5), the army records the highest number of suicides at 20.2 per 100,000. This rate falls slightly higher than the suicide rate of civilians, which is 19.5 per 100,000 people.

In America, before the Afghanistan and Iraq wars started, the divorce rates were a little lower. This can be attributed to the fact that prewar marriages were not established with the full knowledge of wartime stresses, which were not part of the calculus of marital commitment. When mass recruitment started, wives and husbands were not prepared for the pain and lengthy separation from their loved ones.

The main reason as to why people get married is so as to provide companionship, and when this is not forthcoming, then it beats logic to continue staying in such a marriage. Due to the dreadful uncertainty and unending loneliness, many civilian spouses applied for divorce with the hope of living a normal life.

However, just like any other divorce, the effects weigh a toll on the children. No amount of explanation is enough to make them understand why their parents cannot stay together. Without careful explanation, the children might be left blaming one parent for being the cause of their predicament. More so, children whose parents have separated or worse still divorced develop withdrawal symptoms. Most young people who engage in criminal activities are cited to be those who hail from unstable families. To counter this, just like the divorcees, the children should be taken for counseling. This way, they might understand what is happening is necessarily not a one-person mistake.

Men and women both suffer a decline in mental health following a divorce. However, researchers have concluded that women are prone to suffer more than men. Some of the mental health indicators exhibited by divorced couples include depression, hostility, low self-esteem, and negative relations with others (Desai par. 8). Careful considerations must be put into place by spouses before they get married to ensure that they are ready to withstand any legitimate hardships. This way, the number of divorce cases caused by simple misunderstandings will be eliminated.

Works Cited

Desai, Amy. Divorce: the effects of divorce. 2001. Web.

Waddington, Michael. Augusta GA military divorce lawyer: as suicide rise, Military intensifies prevention efforts. 2009. Web.

Welmer. The spearhead: military divorce rate still rising. 2009. Web.

American society has made substantial progress in achieving gender equality in many aspects of social life. However, these efforts are still insufficient as females remain a vulnerable group due to the existing regulations, policies, and social norms. U.S. women face numerous challenges in such spheres as marriage and divorce (Yefet, 2020). Exit from marriage is associated with diverse issues that are deeply rooted in the patriarchal mindsets of Americans. One of the issues to be addressed related to marriage and divorce is enhancing gender equality in marriage exit through introducing new policies and incentives.

It is necessary to state that the relationships between men and women within their marriage have changed dramatically since the nineteenth and even twentieth centuries. At that, these shifts tend to mainly focus on declarative and conceptual rather than practical aspects. Thus, it is declared and safeguarded that women and men are equal in their roles within their married lives. Women may be employed rather than fully concentrate on household chores and rearing children. However, in practice, families, where spouses are employed and get equal pay, have to pay higher taxes compared to families where a partner (usually the woman) receives a lower salary (Yefet, 2020). Families with unequal income are taxed differently, which encourages families to accept the offered pattern. A woman may work, but she chooses a lower payment and house-related responsibilities.

This universally accepted type of marriage makes females vulnerable economically, which has a tremendous impact on their divorce options. In addition to the overall negative attitude towards divorced women in society, women encounter economic and legal barriers (Yefet, 2020). As mentioned above, men have higher incomes, and their employment and income remain unchanged after divorce. Nevertheless, females prioritize their families, so they have lower-incomes, becoming economically dependent on their husbands. Yefet (2020) emphasizes that females domestic labor is not regarded as work worth payment and is regarded as a revenue-generating factor and is excluded from marriage contracts. Moreover, marriage contracts are still negatively seen in American society. At that, women have to complete various tasks to ensure that their husbands can focus on their employment and increase their revenues. More importantly, this economic disparity results in another critical issue for women. Although custody is now proclaimed to be associated with gender-free decision-making, mothers become disadvantaged. Due to their economic dependence, their husbands may force them to avoid divorce in fear of losing children as they will not be able to provide for them.

As for legislative initiatives, it is important to change taxation models, making them equal for different types of families, disregarding income distribution. The decisions related to balancing work and family should not be affected by taxation laws. It is also important to make sure that marriage contracts are positively viewed, and spouses are encouraged to use this option to secure their rights in case of divorce. Domestic labor should become included as a revenue-generating factor, which would make womens input seen more fairly. The offered project encompasses the implementation of a program for high-school students aimed at discussing marriage and divorce gender equality. This project will explore students attitudes towards divorce and gender roles in marriage before and after the project. This project will contribute to shifting Americans perspectives regarding gender equity in marriage and divorce.

In conclusion, it is necessary to note that to address this problem, numerous changes should be implemented in several areas, including but not confined to legislation and education. Of course, educational facilities should promote true gender equality, making domestic labor equally favored by people. Household responsibilities and child-rearing should not be assigned to women as men can and should contribute to this aspect of family management as equal partners. It is critical to eliminate gender prejudice in the United States to make sure that gender issues do not negatively affect the American economy.

Reference

Yefet, K. C. (2020). Divorce as a substantive gender-equality right. Journal of Constitutional Law, 22(2), 455527.

Understanding the interrelation between a biography and a history is vital for building a broad and realistic view of the roots of everyday challenges and possible solutions to them. The idea of the sociological imagination introduced by C. Wright Mills demonstrates how the ability to analyze the personal experience as related to large social dynamics can help to be well-orientated in social processes and make personal decisions based on the knowledge of a wide social framework.

What is the Sociological Imagination?

Sociological imagination is defined by C. Wright Mills as the ability to understand the relation between the personal experience and wide social outcomes. In other words, Social imagination is the insight of the influence the persons everyday routine has on the society and vice verse (Mills 1959). Sociological imagination is the key to an individuals righteous understanding of the experience and the opportunities he/she faces within the wide framework of the society. Such understanding is crucial to promoting the persons active involvement in dealing with public issues. It enables the person to be aware of the meaning of the larger historical scene for his/her personal life.

Sociological Imagination: Personal Troubles and Public Issues

Mills (1959) emphasizes the importance of understanding the difference between the personal troubles and the public issues. For example, if only one couple is divorced in the city of 50.000, it is their personal trouble. But if 5.000 couples are divorced in the same city, it is a public issue. This example demonstrates one of the main differences between sociology and psychology. In the first case, the principles of psychology need to be applied to find the roots of the trouble (personal skills, traits of character, etc.). In the second case, the methods of sociology should be used to define the causes of the issue (demographics, social processes, etc.). Therefore, solving a personal trouble requires psychological help aimed at understanding how the personal traits and characteristics of the individual should be changed to overcome the faced problem. Solving the public issue requires the usage of sociological investigation to understand the wide social framework contributing to the development of the issue and find the method of changing it. Finding the solution for public issues is impossible without the application of sociological imagination, which helps to understand why each of the individuals faces a certain problem.

My Perspective of the Sociological Imagination

I understand sociological imagination as a unique ability to see the relation between the personal choices and large social dynamics. I think, this ability is essential for every person willing to find effective solutions for certain public issues influencing his/her life. The understanding of the connection between the ones life and the wide social processes helps the person to be well-orientated in the life within the framework of society and make the decisions based on this knowledge. Besides, social imagination is vital for making the individual an active member of society able to make a change and improve it. Only the society consisting of people who have developed social imagination can overcome the present negative tendencies and have a successful future. The application of social imagination helps to explain the nature of both opportunities and obstacles met by the person on the way to achieving certain goals.

Sociological Imagination in My Everyday Life

Sociological imagination reflects my everyday life in many ways. Many aspects of my everyday routine can be explained through its perspective. Even the smallest details of my life can be better understood by applying the knowledge about sociological imagination. For example, jogging has become an essential part of my morning routine. My understanding of the positive influence of jogging on the overall health and well-being of the person was promoted by certain events and tendencies in the society, such as the discoveries of health researchers and the popularity of jogging among my peers. Moreover, the high prices for healthcare can also be considered the social phenomenon related to my habit, as it promoted the willingness to maintain good health by the means that do not require big investments.

In such a way, it is easy to demonstrate that such a usual morning routine as jogging is the direct consequence of certain social processes and is directly related to particular tendencies prevailing in the society. Social imagination is the key to understanding this relation. Another example of how social imagination can be applied to the smallest details of my everyday routine is my habit to drink tea. It can be seen as the direct consequences of the prevalence of beliefs about the significant positive health outcomes of the habit to drink tea every day. In turn, such beliefs can be considered related to the discoveries made by scientists studying the influence of tea on human health. In turn, such discoveries can be regarded as related to the fast development of science during the last decades. In such a way, by applying social imagination we can see that such a customary routine of drinking tea is related to wide social processes.

Besides helping to identify the social roots of certain details of everyday routine, social imagination can also help to determine the relation between more significant parts of everyday life to the larger social framework. For example, being a college student is one of the primary parts of my everyday life. It influences all spheres of my life and shapes my habits and choices. It dominates my everyday routine and influences every decision I make. This part of my life can be considered directly related to certain social tendencies occurring in the modern society. The growing rates of unemployment in my country and all over the world promote the willingness of young people to get higher education because the higher chances of finding a good job for people with the college diploma. In turn, the primary roots of increasing unemployment across the globe can be found in the overpopulation of the Earth, as the enormous number of people living on the planet plays a crucial role in making the job market tough and highly competitive. Another stimulus for getting a good education includes growing prices for housing, products, and healthcare services. The chances of getting a god job promoted by the possession of a college diploma raise the opportunities of being financially situated and able to buy essential products and services.

Therefore, the application of social imagination helps to understand the initial causes of my participation in college education. Another example of the dominating part of my everyday life that can be better understood with the help of social imagination is the usage of Internet. Every day I spend a significant amount of time for using the World Web. Internet influences all spheres of my life, as it gives the opportunities to be aware of the latest news, get the information needed for educational activities, communicate with relatives and friends, etc. The roots of the important role of the Internet in my everyday life can be seen in such global social process as globalization. The disappearing boundaries between the cultures and nations lead to the possibility of living in any part of the country or the world. This factor directly influences the popularity of communication with the help of Internet. The crucial role information plays in the modern world also contributes to the importance of using the Internet, as it gives the opportunity to keep a track of all kinds of events and processes influencing our society. Therefore, social imagination helps to understand the primary roots of my interest to use the World Web in everyday life.

Sociological Imagination Divorce & Marriage

It is easy to explain the meaning of sociological imagination on the real examples. The person who has never heard about it would easily understand its importance if it is applied to her/his everyday life and challenges. For example, the person facing the divorce would easily understand the meaning of sociological imagination if it is applied to this situation. High rates of divorces are a public issue that can be better understood by applying sociological imagination. The person suffering from depression after a divorce considers it a personal trouble or even tragedy. However, such processes as the introduction of the laws enabling the people to get a divorce, the employment of women in various occupations enabling them to be financially independent, the social acceptance of divorce, the increased value of individual freedom, the feminist movement, etc. directly influence the persons chances of getting divorced.

Sociological imagination helps to understand how the bigger amount of freedom and ability to make personal choices given to women has influenced the divorces rates. The woman blaming herself for getting divorced and comparing her experience to the life of her grandmother who has lived 60 years in the marriage is likely to stop condemning herself to such extent if she applies sociological imagination and see how much the processes that occurred after her grandmothers marriage have changed the meaning and perception of this phenomenon. Her grandmother did not even have the right to get a divorce or the opportunity to earn her living. If the person is shown that he/she should not consider the divorce the personal fault, as many sociological factors have contributed to it, he/she will have a more objective perception of the situation and overcome it more easily. Therefore, it is easy to explain the usefulness and the meaning of social imagination to the person by applying it to the real situation from his/her life.

Society from Sociological Imagination Perspective

The modern society faces certain tendencies that can be easily identified by applying sociological imagination. Men and women striving for individualistic freedom and self-realization prevail in the modern society of the United States. Women equally to men put much effort to get a good education and find a job that provides their financial independence. The current prevailing varieties of men and women are supposed to become even more individualistic and financially-motivated in the nearest future. The process of globalization promotes the disappearance of cultural boundaries between the people. Therefore, modern women and men are likely to pay less attention to the preservation of the beliefs and traditions originating from their cultural background and ethnicity. The prevailing varieties of men and women in the nearest future will be more religiously and culturally neutral. Such tendencies lead to the elimination of such phenomenon as double-consciousness. For example, a woman coming from a certain ethnical group with strict religious boundaries will experience less pressure of her background and is likely to have no difficulties with feeling a part of the society she lives in despite her distinctive ethnic origin. The described varieties of women and men are formed under the influence of the growing role of individualism and financial stability and declining role of cultural boundaries and origin in the life of modern society. The discussed tendencies also lead to the declining role of glocalization, as the cultural differences across the world become weaker due to the dominance of global tendencies making the societies all over the world more similar.

Competitive human nature is revealed in the conduct we observe in the modern society, as a consumption of a constantly growing number of products and services makes the modern community the consumer society. This characteristic stimulates the members of the society to be focused on attaining material goods and being highly competitive in achieving a beneficial financial position. Therefore, the type of human nature prevailing in the society influences the tendencies occurring in it.

The application of sociological imagination to the everyday experience helps to understand the relation between certain personal challenges, habits, and problems and the wide sociological context. Sociological imagination helps to make the decisions that are more adjusted to social dynamics prevailing in the society.

Reference

Mills, Charles Wright. 1959. The Promise of the Sociological Imagination. Web.

Introduction

Divorce has never been a desirable occurrence in American society. However, the recent reports indicate that there is a consistent rise in the rate of divorce in this country. According to the report by Hawkins and Fackrell, almost fifty percent of marriages in this country end up in divorce (Hawkins and Fackrell 41). The American culture that encourages individuality and happiness has been identified as one of the leading reasons why the rate of divorce in this country remains very high. However, this may not justify the higher rates of divorce that are currently witnessed in this country. It is important to analyze some of the specific reasons that would make couples consider divorce as the only solution whenever the marriage is riddled with some challenges.

Discussion

Researchers have indicated that age or, to be more exact, a lack of maturity (Lampard 172) is one of the key divorce inducing factors. People who marry when they are teenagers have higher chances of divorcing than those who marry when they are over 25 years. This has been associated with the fact that at this tender age, one does not know what he or she wants in a woman or man. As one matures, he or she realizes that the choice made was wrong and full of immaturity. Salvaging such a marriage is almost impossible. This factor has led to high divorce rates in many families in this country.

Another factor that has been associated with high divorce rates is cohabiting before marriage (The Cohabitation Effect: The Consequences of Premarital Cohabitation para. 1). Although cohabiting may be necessary for individuals who are trying to cut down on expenses, many couples always cohabit to test what marriage life entails and whether the relationship can stand this test. However, this act brings a sense of insecurity in the family. The couples tend to develop some feeling of mistrust at early stages of a relationship, and this would be transferred into the family. Chances that such a family would break are always higher than that of couples who move in upon getting married officially.

The number of previous marriages has been found by researchers to be another leading reason why some people end up in divorce (Hawkins and Fackrell 65). Although many people have ignored the consequences of divorce, it brings with it a lot of effects that may ruin ones life if an individual fails to recover from its effect soon enough. The problem is that many individuals jump into other relationships before recovering from the effect of their previous marriages. Such an individual would not have taken time to meditate and decide what he or she considers as the most appropriate way forward in future relationships. Chances of committing previous mistakes that would lead to divorce become higher than those of an individual who had not divorced before.

Religion plays a role in curbing the rate of divorce (Glass and Levchak 2). According to the research by Vail, people who practice some form of religion always tend to try to salvage their marriages when they face a problem (Vail 26). This is especially so if the couples share the same religious beliefs. Most religious groups have a lot of esteem for marriages. For this reason, couples who are followers of a given religious grouping will always find a reason to remain together even when other forces try to push them apart. They become submissive to their religion, and the moment that marriage ceases to make sense to them, they would always find a reason to stay together and try to address the issues threatening their marriage. On the other hand, secular couples would always focus on what makes them happy. When they realize that their marriage is strained in any way, the first thought that crosses their mind is always divorce.

Financial issues are probably some of the leading causes of divorce in current American society. In the current society, both men and women are actively involved in economic activities that are meant to improve the economic standards of a family. However, Wilson notes that there are cases where finance may bring serious strains in the family that can result in divorce (Wilson para. 1). When one partner develops a feeling that the other partner is not doing as much as he or she is expected to do in helping the family economically, then the chances are high that such couples may end up divorcing. It is also important to note that when there is a serious financial mistrust between the couples, then it may be difficult to salvage such a marriage. On the other hand, a family with a steady income, high level of financial trust, and ability to listen to the partners view regarding expenditure stands a higher chance of remaining stable even in the face of other challenges (Increasing Intimacy in Marriage para. 3).

The level of education is another factor that has been associated with increased rates of divorce. Couples with a higher level of education tend to have lower chances of divorce as opposed to families with lesser education. Those who have degrees and stable jobs would find more reasons to stay together as a family than those who have lesser education. When one of the partners, especially the woman, is more educated than the man, then the feeling of inferiority complex would set in. This would probably lead to a divorce. Other factors that may increase the rate of divorce include age difference of the spouses, individuals raised by divorced parents, and infidelity.

Conclusion

The rate at which married couples are divorcing in this country is on the rise. This has been associated with several reasons. Some of the leading reasons for divorce include marriage at an adolescent stage when an individual is not sure with what he or she wants in life and financial mistrust. Limited education and infidelity are some of the other factors that promote higher divorce rates.

Works Cited

Glass, Jennifer and Philip Levchak. Red States, Blue States, and Divorce: Understanding Regional Variation in Divorce Rates. 2011. 

Hawkins, Alan J. and Tamara A. Fakrell. Should I Keep Trying to Work It Out? 2010. Web.

Increasing Intimacy in Marriage. n. d. Web.

Lampard, Richard. Age at Marriage and the Risk of Divorce in England and Wales. Demographic Research 30.7 (2013), 167202. Web.

The Cohabitation Effect: The Consequences of Premarital Cohabitation. Berkeley Science Review. 2012. Web.

Vail, Scott Harold. Reducing the Divorce Rates among Christians in America: Premarital Counseling a Prerequisite for Marriage. 2012. Web.

Introduction

Since 1860 when the United States Bureau of statistics started keeping records of divorces, the frequency of divorce cases has continued to increase based on the same reasons. Reasons have remained relatively the same in comparison to the ever-increasing rise in cases. Studies have also highlighted that the reasons are as complex as extramarital affairs to mediocre reasons such as irritating small behaviors of the partner. It is widely accepted that divorce is part of life and separation between two persons is bound to continue (Wallerstein, p. 85). However, there have been some misinterpretations of the findings collected by current researchers. It is important to note that these findings are based on earlier conclusions based on research that was most likely liable to errors and mistakes. Such research findings and papers have been assumed as true thus setting the precedence of misinformation. It is thus the purpose of this paper to clarify earlier findings in order for us to present the true picture of the causes and effects of divorces.

Causes

Reasons for divorce have always remained sketchy as the real reasons can only be known by the two couples. However the most common forms of reasons that have led to the separation of couples include:

Money: This reason has always remained an emotive issue among couples as this is clearly manifested by ninety percent of the couples who surveyed, responded that they may have fought over money at least once during their relationship. 30% of respondents admitted to separating over other issues which were compounded by lack of money.

Sexual Problems: This reason in most cases has always been denied by couples as physical conditions or sexual malfunctions are considered to be uncommon (Wallerstein 101). Sexual problems are largely contributed to preconceived notions and ideas that are based on unacceptable attitudes towards sex. It was difficult for the couples to approach the topic of sex. Over fifty percent of couples admitted that a sexual problem was the root cause of infidelity within their marriages.

Immaturity: Many couples separated from each other after the couples exhibited behavior that the partner saw as inappropriate and childish. Such behaviors later behavior are then seen as intolerable making life difficult for both as there exists a lack of understanding between the couples.

Alcohol and substance abuse: This is also one of the most commonly cited issues among separating couples. Although data on abuse is not conclusive, many couples have often cited substance abuse as one of the reasons that lead to violent abuse that have even led to injuries and fatalities in worse-case scenarios.

In-laws: This is a prevalent reason used by young couples as meddling from external members and excessive hassles from external members of family.

Respect: Respect among couples is imperative as both come from different backgrounds. Having a different background often means that the couples have to come up with ways of living together and tolerating each other. Disrespect is manifested through physical and verbal attacks.

Effects of divorce

The above-mentioned reasons are just some of the most prevalent. It is also very difficult to establish the main reasons that couples may separate. We may never have a definite reason as to why the rate of divorce keeps on increasing but it may be easier to conclude on the effects divorce brings to society. This is because effects are much more profound in families, hence making it simpler to track. The family unit is facing numerous issues today as the effects of divorce are having a direct impact on the lives of children and how they will relate with others in the future. Research conducted by Lenor Weitzman confirmed that men were shown to heal faster and do well economically after separation. It was also found out that as opposed to the common belief that fathers were less interested in their families after separation, the research found out that fathers continued to be loving towards their kids and family (Wallerstein, p. 101).

Research also found out that both couples underwent intense emotional periods while seeking closure on the whole issue of separation. Depending on the number of years that they have been together, the couple may have to resolve all the underlying issues that may have led to the separations.

Works Cited

Wallerstein, Judith. The California Children of Divorce Study. California: University Of Southern California, 1999.

People are social beings, and the environment where they live influences them significantly. It means that various living conditions and events have an essential impact on peoples personalities, characters, and behaviors. For example, no one can deny that a divorce is a shattering experience for adults. However, the dissolution of marriage implies even stronger consequences when it refers to children. Thus, children significantly suffer from the divorce of their parents, and the effects include depression, the feeling of worry, criminal behavior, social isolation, and others.

To begin with, one should note that such an event can have a detrimental impact on childrens future. Chun, Jang, Choi, Shin, and Park (2016) stipulate that the children of divorced parents start experiencing depression symptoms that influence various spheres of their lives.

This situation can result in a high probability that they will be dissatisfied with their future marriages (Chun et al., 2016). Furthermore, Donahey (2018) stipulates that divorced parents can be an indicator that their child will face problems in his or her future romantic relationships. The two studies demonstrate that adverse events that happen in the present can reveal their nature in many years. In other words, these data mean that divorce can only prevent children from achieving positive results in their future society.

In addition to that, it is believed that the dissolution of parental marriage can directly influence how children act in various spheres immediately or shortly after a divorce, without considering the distant future. According to van der Wal, Finkenauer, and Visser (2019), it can create lingering feelings of pain, worry, and regret that negatively affect childrens daily functioning in different social domains (p. 469).

The researchers state that negative feelings from one area can be distributed to others. The given idea is supported by Tartari (2015), who argues that children of divorced parents exhibit lower test scores and educational attainment. This information demonstrates that young individuals face crucial problems in relationships with their peers and teachers.

In addition to that, Naz, Husain, and Mahsud (2016) have conducted an essential study that mainly deals with the social issues that are faced by children of divorced parents. The authors stipulate that the dissolution of marriage brings many adverse consequences for teenagers and younger individuals, including criminal behavior, personal dissatisfaction, and aggressiveness. At the same time, they draw specific attention to a social domain, stating that children develop an inferiority complex that may lead to social isolation and many behavioral problems (Naz et al., 2016).

These effects are typical because young individuals witness a significant tragedy in their lives, and this tragedy could not but affect them. It means that specific interventions are needed to address the issues and minimize the negative impact on children.

In conclusion, one should note that divorces are essential phenomena in modern society. The dissolution of a marriage often results in freedom for the previous spouses but severe problems for their children. These consequences are significant, and they can refer to various spheres of daily life. For example, they relate to education, communication with peers, cooperation with teachers, personal feelings, and others. Furthermore, divorce in a family is detrimental to the childrens present and future, which makes it crucial to find some interventions that will improve the situation. Thus, further analysis is required to determine how it is possible to address the harmful effects of life with parents having divorced.

References

Chun, S.-Y., Jang, S.-Y., Choi, J.-W., Shin, J., & Park, E.-C. (2016). Long-term effects of parental divorce timing on depression: A population-based longitudinal study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 62(7), 645-650.

Donahey, K. (2018). Effects of divorce on children: The importance of intervention. Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology, 13(1), 21-33.

Naz, A., Husain, S., & Mahsud, N. K. (2016). Divorce among parents and its impacts on personality and socialization of children in Malakand division. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 24(2), 11-31.

Tartari, M. (2015). Divorce and the cognitive achievement of children. International Economic Review, 56(2), 597-645.

Van der Wal, R. C., Finkenauer, C., & Visser, M. M. (2019). Reconciling mixed findings on childrens adjustment following high-conflict divorce. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(2), 468-478.

The experience of these three women in the courtroom would likely differ very much because of the variation in the legal systems, social and political contexts, and the conditions in which they lived. The first woman from a low-income family in an Anatolian province of the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth century may face significant challenges in obtaining a divorce under Islamic law (Peirce). The second woman, an Algerian living with the French legal system, seeks a divorce on the grounds of her husbands refusal to consummate the marriage. The third woman, an Iranian living in the mid-1980s, may face significant challenges in seeking a divorce because of the strict Islamic laws of the society (Peirce). Despite these differences, the experiences of these women may also have some similarities. In this regard, this essay explores the experiences of these women in-depth and how they tell us about womens negotiation with different legal actors and institutions.

The woman seeking divorce would likely encounter various limitations and barriers. During this time, Islamic law was the primary legal system in the Ottoman Empire, and it placed very tight rules against womens ability to seek a divorce (Peirce). In the majority of the cases, divorce was initiated by the man. A woman could only divorce her husband in special circumstances, such as if the husband was found to be impotent or abandoned the woman (Peirce). In addition, a womans economic and social status also played a significant role in their ability to seek a divorce (Peirce). Women from low-income families had fewer resources and thus less social support than those from wealthy, influential backgrounds.

The second woman is an Algerian living in nineteenth-century Algiers. In nineteenth-century Algiers, under French colonial rule, it was expected that the situation would be much different. Although Islamic law would be the primary legal system, French colonial law would also play a significant role, and thus, it would provide additional rights and protections to women (Fahmy 342). For instance, an Algerian woman in this scenario would be able to seek divorce on the grounds of non-consummation of the marriage, which was impossible under Islamic law (Fahmy 344). Nonetheless, women would still encounter various challenges and barriers because the legal system was heavily biased in favor of men. In contrast, most of the time, women were deprived of equal access to rights of justice (Fahmy 347). Thus, a womans economic and social status could continue playing a vital role in her ability to seek a divorce. The main reason is that women from low-income families and communities would face many challenges compared to those from wealthy and influential backgrounds.

In the mid-1980s in Iran, it is expected that the situation would have been even more complex because the country was undergoing essential legal and political changes during this time. Under the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was established in 1979, the law of Islam was the primary legal system (Ghabrial 283). However, it had significant influence from the principles of Shia Islam. The Sharia Islam placed greater emphasis on the protection and rights of women than the Sunni Islam law of the French colonial laws or the Ottoman Empire (Ghabrial 286). During this time, an Iranian woman in this scenario would be able to seek divorce on the grounds of abuse, which was impossible under Ottoman or French law. Nonetheless, women would still face major challenges since the legal system was under the governments control and womens rights (Ghabrial 304). Womens economic and social status would continue to play a significant role in their ability to seek a divorce, as women from marginalized or low-income families would face more major challenges than those from a wealthy or influential background.

Overall, the experiences of these three women seeking a divorce would vary significantly. Seeking a divorce in the three different periods shows Islamic laws complex and evolving nature and how diverse political and social contexts have influenced it over time. Therefore, these variations are a sign of the barriers and challenges women have been facing in seeking justice and negotiation with legal actors and institutions throughout history.

Despite the differences in the experiences of these women, they may also share some similarities in their negotiations with various legal actors and institutions. For example, they may all face challenges when trying to fight for their rights and seek a divorce because of their respective societies cultural and social attitudes towards divorce (Ghabrial 305). In addition, they might also face opposition from their husbands and their families, who might be unwilling to grant them a divorce (Ghabrial 305). Despite their historical and cultural contexts, these challenges may be similar across the three women.

The significant variation in the experiences of these three women in the courtroom can say a lot about the transformation in Islamic law over time and concerning different political and social settings. For example, the fact that the first woman from the Ottoman Empire may encounter significant barriers while trying to obtain a divorce. The second woman, from French-colonial Algeria, may have a somewhat easier time getting a divorce, indicating various ways Islamic law has changed over time and about different political and social contexts (Ghabrial 302). In addition, the fact that the third woman, from mid-1980s Iran, may encounter significant challenges in obtaining a divorce because of the strict Islamic laws in her society reveals how the Islamic culture might differ in different cultural and political contexts (Boisard 430). These variations can offer an understanding of the complexities and nuances of Islamic law and its relationship to womens rights and gender equality.

The experience of these three women can offer insights into how women have negotiated with various legal institutions and actors to fight for their rights. For instance, the first woman may face significant barriers in obtaining a divorce because she lacks financial resources. The social stigma attached to divorce in her society may also illustrate how women may face challenges in accessing justice and advocating for their rights (Vikør). In the same way, the second woman may face opposition from her husband and his family. They might be unwilling to grant her divorce, which indicates how the female gender encounters resistance when trying to divorce their husbands. Finally, the experience of the third woman might highlight the challenges women can face in seeking a divorce under strict Islamic laws.

Conclusively, the paper has examined the experiences of these three. The women point out the complexities and nuances of womens negotiation with different legal actors and institutions. It also reveals the challenges and opportunities they encounter to seek justice and assert their rights (Vikør). These experiences can offer valuable insights into how women have negotiated with different legal systems and institutions. Hence, it can reveal how Islamic law has evolved and changed in response to various social and political contexts.

Works Cited

Boisard, Marcel A. On the Probable Influence of Islam on Western Public and International Law. International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol.11, no. 4, 1980, pp.429-450. Web.

Fahmy, Khaled. The Police and the People in Nineteenth-Century Egypt. Die Welt des Islams, vol.39, no.3, 1999, pp.340-377. Web.

Ghabrial, Sarah. The Traumas and Truths of the Body: Medical Evidence and Divorce in Colonial Algerian Courts, 18701930. Journal of Middle East Womens Studies, vol.11, no.3, 2015, pp.283-305. Web.

Peirce, Leslie. Morality Tales. University of California Press, 2003.

Vikør, Knut S. Between God and the Sultan: A history of Islamic Law. Oxford University Press, USA, 2005.

Introduction

This study analyze the developmental trend of a child in a family divorce. The primary research methodology will be a survey of existing cases, and an analysis of experiments that have been carried out earlier to confirm specific theories. The main limitation in the course of research is the lack of personal experiments. All approaches are put forward on the basis of other peoples experiments, generalizing many works related to this topic. The procedure will consist in studying the initial indicators and what the childhood trauma resulted in. This study will be helpful in that it will generalize and explain the experiments already carried out both from a psychological and scientific point of view.

Analysis

Parental alienation in childhood has been associated with an increased risk of long-term abuse. However, it is not known how this association differs by gender, divorce subtype, and age at the split time. Conclusions will be drawn on this issue based on other experiments and studies. Separation from parents for the first time at an earlier age was associated with significantly higher odds than divorce from parents in adulthood, but there was no change in the odds associated with age at first maternal separation. An increase in the period of initial separation from both parents has been associated with an increased risk (Mok et al., 2018). These hypotheses are found in many studies related to this topic. Crime reduction should include methods for solving various family problems, one of the critical components of which is the creation of a stable living environment. This problem is fundamental in the study, and everything will be reduced to this question.

Children from divorced families have more behavioral problems, and marital upheavals leading up to parental divorce threaten future learning ability. Adolescents in unaffected, low to moderate conflict households had fewer behavioral difficulties than children in slightly elevated, dysfunctional families (Altintas & Bilici, 2018). Generally, young people benefit most from education from two married parents who have a limited relationship. The conflict between families is often accompanied by less compassion, less consideration, and a greater tendency to discipline their children, leaving their children feeling emotionally vulnerable (Williams-Owens, 2017). These adolescents are more likely to view their social environment as unpredictable and uncontrollable. Children who fight and steal in school are much more likely to come from dysfunctional families than teenagers who behave correctly. Children from divorced families are more than twice as likely as teenagers from inseparable families to drop out of school. These conclusions are made on the basis of other studies in this area, which talk about the problem of education and social life of children from divorced families.

Divorce is associated with poorer academic and academic performance. In schools, children from intact families had fewer behavior problems. Adolescents born to married mothers are less likely than other children in a relationship or unmarried parents to engage in destructive behavior such as disrespecting a teacher or being violent towards classmates. Children living with both biological parents have fewer behavioral problems than those without (Boccio & Beaver, 2019). Children and teens from fully engaged families are less likely to be suspended, expelled from school, or delinquent and have fewer problems with school than teens from alternative family configurations. These conclusions are made on the basis of two samples from different studies, namely a child from a divorced family and a full-fledged one.

Conclusion

To sum up, this work can help find a way to approach children from separated families in order to reduce the level of crime. Crime reduction must include strategies to deal with several related family problems, one of the main components of which is the maintenance of a stable living environment. The study is based on experiments and observations that show relatively similar results. In general, scientists and psychologists need to understand the importance of this problem because, in the future, it will help reduce crime and improve education systems.

References

Altintas, M., & Bilici, M. (2018). Evaluation of childhood trauma with respect to criminal behavior, dissociative experiences, adverse family experiences, and psychiatric backgrounds among prison inmates. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 82, 100-107. Web.

Boccio, C. M., & Beaver, K. M. (2019). The influence of family structure on delinquent behavior. Youth violence and juvenile justice, 17(1), 88-106. Web.

Mok, P. L., Astrup, A., Carr, M. J., Antonsen, S., Webb, R. T., & Pedersen, C. B. (2018). Experience of child-parent separation and later risk of violent criminality. American journal of preventive medicine, 55(2), 178-186. Web.

Williams-Owens, W. M. (2017). The behavioral effects divorce can have on children. Web.

Introduction

Divorce can be challenging for a family since the couples are discovering new ways to relate to each other and trying new parenting techniques. Children are tenacious, and the breakup changeover can be perceived as an improvement rather than a panic if they receive assistance. Since children involved in a split vary in disposition and age, the developmental impacts of parental separation also differ. Therefore, divorce may affect a childs development by making them engage in risk-taking behaviors, experience divorce-related stress, and significantly lower their self-esteem. Nilsen et al. (2020) argue that separation increases the academic success development of a child. However, Nusinovici et al. (2018) showed that divorce causes emotional hardship for the entire household, but it can be particularly frightening, perplexing, and upsetting for children. Divorce would interfere with their class concentration, leading to poor academic performance; as such, this claim is wrong.

Risk-Taking Behaviors

Teenagers whose parents are divorced are more likely to engage in dangerous behaviors, such as using substances and engaging in sexual activity at a younger age. In the USA, teenagers whose parents have divorced are more inclined to report earlier alcohol usage and higher levels of cannabis, nicotine, and substance use than their peers (Fitzgerald et al., 2019). Teenagers whose parents got a divorce when they were younger are at an increased risk of becoming sexually mature before the age of 16 (Fitzgerald et al., 2019). This is especially true for those whose families got a breakup when they were younger. A greater variety of sexual companions throughout adolescence has also been linked to adolescent children estranged from their fathers.

Experience Divorce-Related Stress

During a divorce, children typically lose regular interaction with either of the parents. Restricted contact affects the parent-child link, and multiple studies have shown that children feel less attached to their fathers following a breakup (Zilincikova & Albertini, 2022). A childs connection with the primary caregiver, typically the mother, is also affected by divorce. Elevated levels of stress frequently accompany single parental involvement for a sole caretaker. Schaan et al. (2019) found that mothers are frequently less supportive and sympathetic after divorce. Moreover, their discipline becomes inconsistent and ineffective. Some children do not find parental separation to be the most challenging aspect. Instead, the most unpleasant aspect of divorce is the surrounding anxieties.

Low Self-Esteem

Children who grow up in households with only one parent or observe their parents divorce tend to have low self-esteem as adults. A lack of self-esteem is a significant societal issue since it impedes the growth of childrens self-confidence and, as a result, their self-esteem (Meland et al., 2020). Many times, children believe the divorce was their fault. Because of this, they are forced to spend their lives in seclusion, constantly worrying about what their peers will think of them (Meland et al., 2020). They never stop thinking of themselves as failures, mainly if they are between the ages of seven and seventeen (Meland et al., 2020). In addition, parents frequently involve their children in the process of divorce, which may have detrimental effects on the children as they mature into young adults.

Increased Academic Success

However, the separation of parents has been linked with increased academic success of a child. Many children of divorce aim beyond dimension to be successful by pressing themselves to the farthest intersections of their young limits in various spheres of the undertaking, including academics, athletics, hobbies, and talents. This is because they feel that their parents failure to maintain a healthy relationship directly reflects their worth as individuals. This undeniable need to satisfy one or both parents lies at the heart of this compulsion, as does the desire to demonstrate that the dissolution of their marriage does not reflect poorly on their abilities as parents.

It is also a means for children to indicate to their parents that their individual or collective divorce guilt may be alleviated because, at least outwardly, the kids are doing fine. This is done so the kids can continue to have relationships with both parents. In addition, highlighting a childs achievements can be an excellent way to divert the attention of combative parents who, for whatever reason, cannot agree over the time of day. Concerns have been raised about the possibility that young people who set high standards for themselves may, as adults, develop Type A personalities and feel compelled to pursue unreachable goals (Nusinovici et al., 2018). However, the academic potential and accomplishment ratings of children whose parents are separated have been observed to be lower than those scores for children from intact families (Nusinovici et al., 2018). Therefore, a decline in academic achievement is one of the most common and consistent effects related to the split or divorce of the parents.

Conclusion

Divorce can be difficult for a family because the partners are learning new ways to relate to one another and experimenting with new parenting practices. Therefore, divorce may impair a childs development by causing them to engage in risky behaviors, feel divorce-related stress, and have a severely diminished sense of self-worth. Teenagers with divorced parents are more prone to participate in unhealthy behaviors, such as alcohol abuse and sexual engagement, at a younger age. In addition, children generally lose frequent contact with one or both caregivers during a split. Children who grow up in single-parent families or witness their parents breakup are likely to develop low self-esteem as grownups. However, parents divorce has been associated with a childs higher educational excellence. To secure the childs social, cognitive, and physiological growth, parents must resolve their disputes effectively.

References

Fitzgerald, H. E., Johnson, D. J., Qin, D. B., Villarruel, F. A., & Norder, J. 2019. Introduction: A developmental systems perspective on children and prejudice. In Handbook of Children and Prejudice (pp. 3-22). Springer.

Meland, E., Breidablik, H. J., & Thuen, F. 2020. Divorce and conversational difficulties with parents: Impact on adolescent health and self-esteem. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 48(7), 743-751. Web.

Nilsen, S. A., Breivik, K., Wold, B., Askeland, K. G., Sivertsen, B., Hysing, M., & Bøe, T. 2020. Divorce and adolescent academic achievement: Heterogeneity in the associations by parental education. PloS one, 15(3), 1-22. Web.

Nusinovici, S., Olliac, B., Flamant, C., Müller, J. B., Olivier, M., Rouger, V., Gascoin, G., Basset, H., Bouvard, C., Rozé, J., & Hanf, M. 2018. Impact of parental separation or divorce on school performance in preterm children: A population-based study. PloS one, 13(9), 1-11. Web.

Schaan, V. K., Schulz, A., Schächinger, H., & Vögele, C. 2019. Parental divorce is associated with an increased risk to develop mental disorders in women. Journal of Affective Disorders, 257, 91-99. Web.

Zilincikova, Z., & Albertini, M. 2022. Does union type make a difference when you separate? Frequency of father-child contact and fathers satisfaction with the relation. Genus, 78(1), 1-23. Web.