Category: Diet & Nutrition 423

An essential skill in the process of acquiring new information and forming personal statements is critical thinking. First of all, the problem of evaluating sources comes to the most popular topics that concern a large group of peoplefor instance, the debate about the effects of vegetarianism on a lifetime. There is a large amount of scientific research that should be appropriately evaluated as long as this theme concerns human health and the human body. Every evidence should be supported by numbers, graphs, biology, and medicine studies.

The first source is the article Veganism, aging and longevity: new insight into old concepts.

CURRENCY  The article was published in March 2020 in the journal called Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, which means that this source summarizes the most recent studies.

RELEVANCE  the content is written for people who are interested in the topic of nutrition and medicine. The information is not elementary because this requires awareness of the various medical terms, for instance, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.

AUTHORITY  the article was issued in the journal Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. The authors are Kristina Norman and Susanne Klaus, scientists of the Research Group on Geriatrics from the Department of Nutrition and Gerontology in the German Institute for Human Nutrition (Norman & Klaus, 2020). The authors contact information is presented, including the mobile number and email address.

ACCURACY  every information given in the survey has a reference. However, there is only one table, while in the test, there are no additional graphs or numbers, which creates a full perception of the problem. The tone of the text does not seem to be biased or come from personal knowledge, as it presents both points of view. There are no spelling or grammar errors.

PURPOSE  In general, the articles mission is to inform the reader with the latest update on studies concerning mortality and health-span in vegans and vegetarians. In the introduction, the authors focus on whether these diets affect human lifespan; therefore, in the conclusions, the answer can be found (Norman & Klaus, 2020). The information is not propaganda, as there are no authors opinions, but only scientific facts and research. Moreover, it is stated that there was no sponsorship and financial support.

The second evaluated source is Cardio-Metabolic Benefits of Plant-Based Diets by scientists from George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington.

CURRENCY  The article was published in 2017 in the journal called Nutrients. The information is slightly out-of-date, as there are surveys presented in the text dated from 2007 till 2015.

RELEVANCE  the information related to the topic of vegan diet affects longevity. The problem raised in the article is the number of deaths caused by cardiometabolic diseases and veganism is considered to be the most effective way to prevent the development of this health issue. The survey is supported by a large amount of medical investigation and statistics.

AUTHORITY  the article was issued in the journal Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. The authors are the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. There is information for a contact, such as an email and phone of one of the scientists.

ACCURACY  the information supported by statistics and medical surveys. On the last page, the reader can look at the list of references and recommended reading counted approximately 120 sources (Kahleova et al., 2017). The language is free of emotions without any typographical errors.

PURPOSE  This article aims to reach the audience by giving awareness of the benefits of the vegan diet. Besides, in the conclusions, the authors provide several options for vegetarianism, including vegan, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, to achieve better results in improving health. The summary emphasizes that proper plant-based nutrition is essential and should be promoted in different ways.

References

Kahleova, H., Levin, S., & Barnard, N. (2017). Cardio-metabolic benefits of plant-based diets. Nutrients, 9(8), 848-861.

Norman, K., & Klaus, S. (2020). Veganism, aging and longevity: new insight into old concepts. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, 23(2), 145-150.

Analyzing the food supplements, it can be stated that most if not all of them specifically indicate that they do not cure, treat, or prevent any disease (Cytosport Cytogainer  Vanilla Shake). Merely, they are a concentration of ingredients, which provide the organisms of different combinations of elements, usually difficult to get using an ordinary diet. Nevertheless, it can be stated that many of such supplements are used as magic pills, and in most cases, such expectations are based on the claims of manufacturers producing these supplements. Clarifying such a statement, this paper analyzes CytoGainer, a food supplement manufactured by the company CytoSport.

CytoGainer is a brand name for a food supplement manufactured by the company CytoSport. According to the manufacturer label, the main ingredient in CytoGainer is carbohydrates and protein (Cytogainer). The carbohydrates in the CytoGainer and comprised mostly of sugar and dietary fiber. An essential component in carbohydrates is maltodextrins, which is a short chain of molecularly linked dextrose (glucose) molecules, and is manufactured by regulating the hydrolysis of starch (Alternative Carbohydrate Sweeteners).

The typical plants from which maltodextrins are extracted are corn, potato, or rice (Alternative Carbohydrate Sweeteners). Additionally, according to the US national library of medicine CytoGainer contains a number of vitamins, such as vitamin A, C, D, and E, as well as a small quantity of a variety of other essential elements such as iron, calcium, potassium, iodine, and others (Cytosport Cytogainer  Vanilla Shake).

The main purpose of CytoGainer can be divided into two processes, before the workout, in which CytoGainer provides the energy to maximize the gains in muscles, and after the workout, where CytoGainer facilitates the process of recovery (Cytosport Cytogainer  Vanilla Shake). In that regard, if omitting the instructions provided by the manufacturers, the CytoGainer is usually bought to provide the concentrated amount of elements, which boosts the growth of the muscles.

After conducting a series of short interviews with CytoGainers long-time users, as well as new users, who were reporting their results after using this supplement for the first time, it can be stated that it has positive results similar to the ones indicated by the manufacturer.

Although the degree to which the supplement is beneficial varies, possibly due to subjective experience, the extensiveness of the workout, or the diet used, there is an obvious relation between using this product and the increase of the muscles mass. Additionally, it should be mentioned that the reported results are based only on interviews and the manufacturers description, due to the absence of scholarly research specifically observing the aforementioned relationship. Additionally, as indicated by Food and Drug Administration, this product was not evaluated, in terms of the effects claimed by the manufacturer (Cytosport Cytogainer  Vanilla Shake).

According, to the interviews, there were not many side effects reported after the usage of this supplement, where the only complaints were to the expected degree of muscle growth after the usage for a particular period. However, according to researchers studying the effect of using protein supplements on the development of kidney disease, the findings indicated that the users of the supplements are taking double the recommended allowance for protein intake, whereas the users predisposed to kidney diseases were no less likely to take such supplements as well (Ahmad et al.).

Additionally, it was assumed that such users might have been unaware of the effects of taking too much protein, which is deleterious to kidney disease patients. Accordingly, CytoGain was among the supplements used in the research, and although not directly referring to it, it should be mentioned that there was no information on the manufacturers website on the possible harmful effects of using CytoGain in amounts exceeding the recommended.

The cost of using CytoGainer is usually dependant on the amount consumed in a specific period, which in turn might be dependant on the amount of workout performed by the user. According to interviews, the average consumption of the 6 lbs jug, considering one-time drink to be 4 scoops 3-4 times a week, is about a month with a cost of $43-44 with differences of about 5% from different retailers. Generally, the product was found to deliver its main purpose, reporting positive effects from its consumption. Nevertheless, the users should be aware of the amounts they are consuming.

Works Cited

Ahmad, Daniel, et al. Glutamine Supplementation and Renal Health. 2009. Trans. Gemstone Team Research. Web.

Alternative Carbohydrate Sweeteners. 2009. The Sugar Association. Web.

Cytogainer. 2009. CytoSport. Web.

Cytosport Cytogainer  Vanilla Shake. 2009. United States National Library of Medicine. Web.

Table Showing Menu Choices

Guidelines for Choosing Meals While Travelling

In order to ensure a complete eating experience, it is essential for the individual to mix up choices within each food groups and keep certain guidelines in mind while travelling. These guidelines must extend to ensuring that the individual has a sense of what he/she is eating. This can be accomplished by inquiring about the nutritional value of the menu choices at chosen fast food locations. It can also be done before or even during the trip by way of official websites created by fast food companies. These websites can give detailed charts giving the nutritional value of their entire menu based on the average daily caloric requirements of a young adult male.

When ordering the food at these restaurants there must be a focus on fruits and vegetables. Fruits salads are very common in several restaurants now along with calcium rich foods such as low fat milk or yogurt. There must also be a focus on whole grains such as wheat, rice and oats. Lean meats and poultry are also preferable with variable protein choices such as fish, beans, peas, nuts and seeds. It is also essential for every individual to ensure that the food they are taking is low in saturated fats and Trans fats, as well as having little salt or sugars. The amount of cholesterol contained in these foods must also be taken into account.

It should be noted that value meals at several fast food restaurants may be avoided as they are high in fat content and caloric intake as well as having very little value in terms of health.

Key Words which are looked for in a Fast Food Menu Include:

• Steamed
• Garden fresh
• Broiled
• Baked
• Roasted
• Poached
• Lightly sautéed or stir-fried
• Margarine
• Fat Free Milk
• Salad Dressing
• Low Fat, Non Fat Milk

References

Burke, E. R. (1996). Training Nutrition: The Diet and Nutrition Guide for Peak Performance. Traverse City: Cooper Publishing Group.

Clark, N. (2008). Nancy Clarks SPORTS NUTRITION Guidebook: The #1 nutrition resource for active people. Pudsey: Human Kinetics Europe Ltd.

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2006). Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 

Wake Forest University School of Medicine and North Carolina Baptist Hospitals. (2005). Nutrition Center. Web.

Supplements

Rarely do I use supplements because I always strive to ensure my diet meets all the nutritional needs. However, I only take them with doctors prescriptions. I understand that supplements should never be equated to food substitutes (Functional Fitness Facts Article 4). This is because they cannot reproduce the nutritional benefits derived from whole foods, which have three key benefits; essential fiber, greater nutrition, and protective substances.

Vitamin supplements are vital for preventing Vitamin C, D, and Iron deficiency (Goodwin Article 4). This prevents impaired brain development, critical bone- health problems, and enhances bone health. Vitamin and mineral supplements improve mood and mental performance. In addition, they minimize mental fatigue and stress. However, using more than the recommended dietary intake of supplements leads to adverse health effects. The following groups of people are more likely to use supplements; the elderly, children, pregnant, and lactating mothers.

To obtain all vitamins and minerals from the diet, a person should consume a wide array of foods. These should include fish, lean, meat, legumes, whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and low-fat dairy products. Moreover, foods should be prepared appropriately before, during, and after cooking, to ensure maximum nutrient preservation. According to Functional Fitness Facts (Article 4), food storage determines nutritional value.

Kauffman (233) asserts that there exists a lot of confusion regarding dietary supplements. It is extremely difficult to identify false and genuine supplements. Hence, a person should learn as much as they can about mineral and vitamin supplements, to make the best choices. I received information on supplements from a friend who was dealing with a supplement company. The information made me curious, and I decided to search on the internet. The following websites were of considerable help; Federal Trade Commission and National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Weight Loss Plans

Commercial Weight Chains

Commercial weight-loss plans provide a wide range of support tools and options. The plan is beneficial in that there is the inclusion of nutritional meal plans and counseling. It provides significant value but is extremely expensive. One can choose Jenny Crag, Weight Watchers International, Medifast, or Diet Center.

Self-Help, Do- it- Yourself Weight Loss Plans

The majority of people prefer the plan since it is effective and inexpensive. The plan provides meal replacement products for suppressing appetite, which results in weight loss. This weight loss plan proved to be the most successful (Kauffman 234).

For successful weight management, nutrient supplementation from food intake is essential. In addition, how much quality protein a person consumes in the diet is the sole vital calorie, which impacts the metabolic rate (Functional Fitness Facts Article 4). This influences weight loss favorably. It is also worth noting that the quality of protein offers immense health benefits.

Exercise and maintaining a food diary are vital assets in losing weight successfully. A person should eat slowly always, and avoid fatty foods. Moreover, joining a weight management group is more productive, as opposed to when an individual is working alone. Some weight loss programs do not produce long-term effects if; people are not fully committed to changing, people lack goals, and keen monitoring is absent, a person lacks support, and a long-term plan (Dickinson Article 6). A person should therefore choose to change and remain focused.

Working out in a Gym

I do work out in a gym. During the workout routine, I engage in multi-joint (compound) and single-joint exercises, bench, and dumbbell presses. There are five primary fitness components;

• Cardiovascular fitness,
• Muscle endurance
• Muscle strength
• Body composition
• Flexibility

Gym aerobic is extremely effective in developing the respiratory system and improving aerobic endurance (Di Pasquale 57). Cycling is vital in building strong quads while mountain biking is useful in developing upper body strength. One can improve strength by weighing themselves regularly. Muscle endurance can improve immensely through yoga. Holding poses helps develop mental toughness and improves flexibility and endurance (Harvey-Berino & Hendley Article 3). This improves flexibility immensely and helps reduce injury after falls. Moreover, cycling and bench presses help to burn fat. However, it is imperative to consume a healthy diet always. Riding bikes is useful in maintaining health. For a balanced, fit body, stretching and strength training are vital. It is instructive that a person stretches immediately after every workout. This is because the muscles are warm at this time and stretch easily.

A person should take the appropriate amount of calories. This ensures that there is proper weight management and that the person has energy for working out. Proper nutrition is essential in fueling the workout. A person should not take too much food to prevent frustrations and weight gain. On the other hand, consuming too little food leaves someone without adequate energy for the workout. Proteins are vital for muscle building, and vitamins ensure a healthy immunity (Di Pasquale 73).

References

Di Pasquale, Mauro. Utilization of Proteins in Energy Metabolism. New York: CRC Press, 2008. Print.

Dickinson, Annette. The Benefits of Nutritional Supplements. 2012. Web.

Functional Fitness Facts. The 5 Components of Physical Fitness. 2010. Web.

Goodwin, Kathleen. Successful Weight Loss: Top 10 Tips on What Works and Why. 2010. Web.

Harvey-Berino, Jean & Hendley, Joyce. The EatingWell Diet (2007). Web.

Kauffman, Joel. Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation. Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons 14 (2009): 200-234.

Exercising is a fundamental aspect in improving and maintaining body physical fitness. Benefits of exercising include; Weight control, exercise prevents gaining of excessive weight. It maintains body health and prevents diseases like cardiovascular diseases. It adds muscles vigor, increases tissue oxygenation, nutrients distrubution and improves body stamina.

Body fitness is important for proper cardiovascular functioning. It promotes body muscle strength and flexibility, improves on self confidence, enhances body immune system and help maintain proper body composition.

Body composition is the relative amount of muscle, fat, bone, and the organs in the body. Its analysis determines a baseline measurement prior to exercise program in order to chart progress. Currently, there are several reliable methods and devices for body composition analysis and determing body weight.

Scales can be erratic and measurements differ although using a tape measure is effective in girth measurements like in waist reduction. For accuracy, use flexible metal tape measure because cloth tape measures stretch with time. Additionaly, it is recommmended to use tape measure approprietly and refer to proportions charts.

Girth measurements is not perfect method of determining body fat but underwater weighing or hydrostatic testing although it is rare and expensive facility. Weighing scale is not accurate method of measuring weight loss. It may be off and weight may fluctuate a few pounds daily.

Skin-fold-caliper determines body composition. It measures subcutaneous fat by skin-folds sites thickness like the triceps and sub scapular area. For accuracy, it is done proffesionaly and prior to exercising to avoid results variance.

In her book, the popular celebrity and the star of the famous reality show Keeping up with Kardashians, Khloe Kardashian, shares the recommendations on the healthy lifestyle and fitness by focusing on her personal experience of fighting with the excess weight and lack of confidence. Previously, the author herself had many bad habits related to unhealthy eating and drinking, she experienced many challenges in her personal life, and found it difficult to overcome them under the constant public attention (Kardashian xv). However, the young celebrity found strengths to improve both her psychological and physical state by working on her imperfections and flaws that interfered with many aspects of her social performance. In this book, published in 2015 in New York, she reviews the common mistakes a person may make on the way towards weight loss and deliverance from the bad habits by emphasizing the significance of paying attention to three major constituents of every human life: body, mind, and soul.

The book is divided into three large sections called Body, Mind, and Heart. In the first part, the author reviews the multiple aspects of physical health. There she addresses the issues of exercise and food. In Chapter 2, Food, Khloe Kardashian also gives some advice on how to approach the changes in diet; she speaks of the psychological implications of healthy eating habits and tells how to make the conscious choice of products. In the book, she introduces the recipes of healthy meals such as Chinese Chicken Salad, Homemade Hummus, and Khloes Ideal Oatmeal.

The book is interesting because of its focus on the psychological issues and the worldly wisdom asserted by the personal experience of an individual who is always in public sight. First of all, the positive results achieved by Khloe Kardashian and illustrated by the photos harmoniously incorporated into the pages of the book may appeal to many women and may contribute a significant portion of motivation for change. Secondly, the author uses simple language, understandable to many people. At the same time, many of her claims regarding the nutrition of the body and good eating habits may be scientifically proved by the majority of nutritionists, psychologists, and other medical practitioners.

The issues of health, beauty, and psychological well-being are deeply interconnected. It is possible to say that each individual is more or less concerned with his/her health and appearance. However, many people experience challenges in attaining favorable and desirable results, and they often feel hopeless and diffident. Thus, the book Strong Looks Better Naked may become an effective instrument and source of knowledge for people who want to improve their lives.

As Khloe Kardashian said in her book (2015), the ideal doesnt exist, and no one ever can achieve perfection; however, in case a person doesnt give up the attempts to become at least a little bit closer to it, in case he/she continues to be engaged in the self-development, the success becomes achievable (xv). It is important to keep trying to become better from day to day and reveal the inner potential to its full extent. The analyzed book thus has its purpose of changing lives for the better by informing, motivating, and inspiring the feeling that one can become the best version of him/herself that could be ever possible.

Works Cited

Kardashian, Khloe. Strong Looks Better Naked, New York, NY: Regan Arts, 2015. Print.

Introduction

Proteins are known to be blocks that build our bodies. They are made up of amino acids. There are essential and non-essential amino acids. Just as the word suggests, essential amino acids are required more than non-essential amino acids because they cannot be made by our bodies. However, the non-essential amino acids are made by our bodies hence they are not essential. Proteins are usually digested in the stomach by proteases. These are enzymes that are responsible for reducing proteins into smaller compounds called polypeptides.

Sources of Proteins

Proteins are derived from the food that we eat. A lot of food contains proteins. These are products from animals and plants. There are foods that contain complete sources of proteins and others contain incomplete sources of protein. Animal products like eggs and milk contain complete sources of proteins. Fish is also a complete source of protein. Plant sources are like whole grains. These are complete sources of proteins. Cereals are also considered as one of the complete sources of plant proteins. However, plant proteins lack lysine and threonine. These amino acids are only found in animal protein. Sources of plant proteins are wheat, sorghum, oats and spaghetti (Wardlaw, 2012). Legumes and some nuts are also known to contain complete sources of proteins. They have a higher percentage of proteins compared to cereals. Such legumes include soybeans, chickpeas and almonds. Nuts include walnuts and cashew nuts.

Purpose of Proteins in our Bodies

Proteins play a major role in our bodies. They help in building, repairing, regulating and protecting our bodies. The amino acids are used mostly for helping people to grow. That is why proteins are termed as blocks that build our bodies. Proteins are also used in repairing body cells and tissues. Cells and tissues mostly affected are found in muscles where there are a lot of activities. Sometimes these tissues are damaged. Proteins are therefore used to repair these damaged tissues. They are used to make enzymes that are used in the digestion of food in our bodies. These enzymes act as catalysts (Lemon, 2000). They always speed up reactions. These enzymes include pepsin, protease, etc. Hormones are also manufactured using proteins. These are used in controlling many activities of the body. For instance, hormones such as progesterone and testosterone regulate the activities of reproduction.

Proteins are also useful in the synthesis of immune cells which are important in the protection of our bodies. Immune cells fight micro-organisms that cause diseases. These immune cells are sometimes destroyed when fighting and they need to be replaced. Wardlaw (2012) noted that proteins play a big role in synthesizing and replacing damaged immune cells. Proteins are used in other body processes like contracting muscles and the transportation of nutrients. These are activities that depend on proteins to continue their activities. Proteins have another purpose of providing energy to the body. There are some proteins that are broken down to provide energy although this is not a common cause. Some proteins like collagen are useful in the growing of nails and hair. They help in making our hair and nails healthy. Proteins are very useful in molecular transport. A good example is a hemoglobin which carries iron to where it is needed. This is usually carried to various body parts of the body from the lungs.

Structural Proteins

They are known to be less active in our bodies. They are also parts of the body, i.e. fibers of the muscles. They offer strength and help in supporting parts of the body. They include ligaments. These structural proteins are part of nails and cartilages. They also form fibers of the muscles of the heart.

Effects of Protein Consumption

High consumption of proteins often leads to obesity because many proteins found in animal products have saturated fats (Lemon, 2000). These fats are always deposited on our bodies and make someone obese. They also raise the cholesterol level of the blood and this always leads to cardiac arrest. High consumption of proteins leads to a high breakdown of proteins and this leads to overworking of kidneys. There is always an excess urinary output. Too much consumption of proteins leads to more synthesis of insulin. This causes insulin resistance.

Low consumption of proteins causes hair loss. A protein called keratin is used to grow hair. When less consumption of protein is taken, this leads to hair loss because there is no excess protein for the growth of hair. Low consumption of protein also leads to weakening of the immune system which helps in the protection of our bodies. Decreased mass of the body is caused by a low intake of proteins (Wardlaw, 2012). Proteins contribute to the growth and size of the body. This is the main reason why athletes and muscle-building people consume high quantities of proteins. When low quantities of proteins are consumed, this leads to loss of body mass. This can be seen in children who suffer from protein deficiency diseases like kwashiorkor. Their legs, hands and body are emaciated. However, low consumption of proteins has one benefit of decreasing chances of getting cancer. Factors associated with risks of getting cancer are not synthesized in large quantities when one consumes less quantity of proteins.

References

Lemon, P. (2000). Beyond the Zone: Protein Needs of Active Individuals. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 19(5), 513521.

Wardlaw, M.G. (2012). Wardlaws Perspectives in Nutrition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.

For quite a long time, researchers and wellbeing specialists have followed child lead intoxications from paint, leaded gas, soils, dust, lead-patched jars and water lines, and lead-coated stoneware. Children poisoning with candies containing lead keeps on being a significant general well-being concern. Lead has no organic job in the body and any discernible lead level is strange. Children are likely in danger of unfavorable impacts from lead and cadmium intoxications because of the impacts of these components on creating minds. Youth lead harming is a multi-layered, complex condition, which influences the youngsters well-being and prosperity, in addition to the familys lodging security, monetary status, employer stability, and anxiety. Infants and youngsters are at higher danger than older generations for lead openness because of their more modest size and proportionately bigger portion of ingested poisons, their closeness to ground earth and indoor residue, their energy and interest, their oral exploratory and pica practices, their proportionately bigger everyday water and milk admission, and dietary inclinations that vary especially from those of adults (Spungen, 2019). Ongoing lead openness causes depression, cerebral pains, animosity and cognitive decline.

The Industrial Revolution released another influx of lead harming far more prominent than anything in antiquated occasions, and this time it was the common laborers as opposed to wealthier communities who endured the worst part. Derbyshire lead sweets, for instance, were frequently set apart by a dark line across their gums (Maxwell & Neumann, 2008). This was caused by the substance response between lead in the blood and sulfur delivered by microscopic organisms in the mouth, after they had eaten specific sorts of food, including eggs (Maxwell & Neumann, 2008).

Albeit this was an undeniably more weak wellspring of harming than Roman or Victorian paintworks, it was especially more sweeping, influencing each city in the world. Furthermore, this time the casualties were children. It was another American, the pediatric therapist Herbert Needleman, who was liable for at long last getting the lead removed from petroleum (Lynch, 2000). During the 1970s and 1980s, he found that even extremely low degrees of lead openness harmed newborn children, including unborn infants (Lynch, 2000). As they grew up, their intellectual development was slow, they experienced difficulty concentrating, and frequently exited at school. As adolescents, they were bound to become reprobates, unfaithful guardians, drug addicts, and jobless.

Youngsters were first perceived as predisposed to the damaging effects of lead in 1892, however, the negative impacts of lead have been perceived as far back as 600 B.C (Lynch, 2000). Of the 164 California Department of Public Health food defilement cautions given more than 14 years, 42 percent were for lead in sweets (Maxwell & Neumann, 2008). Virtually the entirety of that candy was imported from nations like China, India, and Mexico. Lead harming in children was first archived in Australia in the last piece of the19th century and the early piece of the twentieth century by Dr. J. Lockhart Gibson. Since the mid-1990s, the US FDA, the California Department of Health Services (CA DHS) and free papers, for example, Orange County Register (OCR) in California have announced that specifically imported confections contain lead.

A broad examination of lead in confections started in California by the Orange County Register in October 2002 (Spungen, 2019). While a paper examination does not comprise a logical report, OCR featured the issue of lead-spoiled confections. In the OCR study, an aggregate of 180 trials of confections and coverings were directed on 25 brands at research centers (Spungen, 2019). Eight brands of confections were found to contain risky degrees of lead. Starting on 26 April 2004, the CA DHS likewise discovered raised degrees of lead in 112 unmistakable brands of confections. Of those 84 were made in Mexico, and 8 were made in different nations (Hauptman et al., 2017). FDA has given various direction records, import cautions, and letters to makers on this issue. In December of 2005, FDA gave a draft direction lessening the suggested level of lead in Mexican-style candy from 0.5 ppm to 0.1 ppm or less (Hauptman et al., 2017). FDA additionally included powdered tidbit blend items containing mixes of salt, stew powder, sugar, and flavorings inside the general classification of Mexican treats subject to guidelines in its draft direction (Hauptman et al., 2017). Late examinations have shown that lead openness keeps on representing a well-being hazard in Mexico (Spungen, 2019). Children are a weak populace for lead impacts and Mexican candy has been discovered to be a wellspring of openness in children.

Lead is a harmful hefty metal that is known to cause formative postponements, neurological complications, and other serious medical conditions in individuals, all things considered. It keeps on being among the most well-known and genuine ecological well-being dangers to children younger than six. Most young representatives are harmed through ongoing, low-level intoxications. Subsequently, recognizing and eliminating all sources of lead poisoning in children is a primary concern. FDAs assessment and testing for lead polluted confections is beyond the extent of this article; notwithstanding, enormous shipments of confections brought into the United States are dependent upon intermittent FDA review.

References

Hauptman, M., Bruccoleri, R., & Woolf, A. D. (2017). An update on childhood lead poisoning. Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 18(3), 181192. Web.

Lynch, R. A. (2000). Lead-contaminated imported tamarind candy and childrens blood lead levels. Public Health Reports, 115(6), 537543. Web.

Maxwell, E. D., & Neumann, C. M. (2008). Lead-tainted candy: A possible source of lead exposure to children. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 90(2), 301313. Web.

Spungen, J. H. (2019). Childrens exposures to lead and cadmium: FDA total diet study 2014-16. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 36(6), 893903. Web.

Controlling intake of foods and beverages calorie intake is essential to the achievement of calorie balance (Ferry, 2011). Comprehending calorie requirements, having knowledge of food calorie sources, as well as recognizing the link between foods and beverages as well as the high/low body weight, are all essential concepts when constructing an eating plan which enhances calorie balance and management of individual weights.

Nutritional intake, as well as hydration with respect to human body, is a very important element in the enhancement of mental and physical well-being. Whilst mild dehydration and nutritional deficiencies can cause adverse effects, both mentally and physically, severe dehydration rate is capable of inducing impaired survival capability, and eventually death (McArdle, Katch, & Katch, 2007). According to Nicastro et al. (2010), among the elderly, dehydration and nutritional deficiencies are believed to alter many essential physical and mental elements. It is therefore important that humans take fluids regularly to maintain their body balance. Similar results have been recorded amongst children and teenagers (Ferry, 2011).

The need for fluids and general nutrition varies among humans depending on age and the size of body size. Other factors which affect body fluid requirements include perspiration levels, food habits, and other environmental aspects (Manz, 2007). Given the extensive interindividual variability, it is difficult to come up with generalized recommendations as to the exact level of fluid intake an individual may require. Food, as well as beverage, affects the daily nutritional intake of an individual.

A common element of health often evaluated is the Body Mass Index, commonly referred to by its abbreviation, BMI. BMI is simply defined as the ratio of body weight to an individuals height. It is a standard tool for assisting an individual to manage their weights and their body fat amounts. The normal range recommended for BMI is between 18 and 25 (Ferry, 2011). The larger the values are the closer one moves to become overweight. In essence, an adult who has a BMI value of 27 is considered overweight, while 30 and above is considered alarming. Based on the information obtained for this research, the following are documented for the calculation of BMI.

Height = 5ft 2 inches

Weight = 118 lbs.

BMI = 21.6

The obtained BMI falls within the desirable range of 18-25, which implies that the evaluation gives a healthy verdict. In essence, the value obtained is within range and lowers susceptibility to excessive body fats, non-muscular, and hence makes people less vulnerable to risky health conditions like heart diseases, cancer, diabetes and stroke, among others. BMI better predicts risk to diseases as compared to solely weight. For athletes whose BMI is often high due to increased masculinity as well as pregnant women who have their BMI out of range, it is not an appropriate measure of how healthy they are. The question one may ask is how important BMI is.

BMI is an indicator of an individuals well-being with regard to health, except in unique circumstances like the ones earlier mentioned. High BMI makes individuals susceptible to many health challenges including high blood pressure, heart diseases, diabetes and osteoarthritis, among others. Based on this, individuals can plan on whether to gain further weight or lose weight via nutritionally healthy means.

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) comprises dual value sets of goals for nutritional intake. These are the Reference Dietary Allowances (RDA) and the Adequate Intakes (AI) (McArdle, Katch, & Katch, 2007). The RDA shows the mean daily nutrient amount considered adequate in order to satisfy the requirements of a healthy person. AIs are much more temporary as compared to RDAs.

Dietary planning involves making use of the DRIs to put in place goals on what to take with regard to food and beverages. Dietary planning usually takes place on various levels and refers to making plans for meals as well as other foods which make an individual healthy. The DRI requirements are illustrated in the table below:

The general achievement, with DRI as the benchmark differs greatly. While some DRI goals are achieved, some are not and even fall way short below the desirable levels. With regard to energy requirements, only proteins exceed the set requirements at 138%. The kilocalories on the other hand hit 75% of the targeted amount, which is considered okay. However, carbohydrates and fats fall within the set DRI levels.

Carbohydrates, fibers, fats, as well as alcohol, are often not incorporated amongst the Recommended Dietary Allowances given the fact that diets which provide proteins, vitamins, and minerals are certain to avail adequate carbohydrates and most probably, more than adequate fat. However, there still exist guidelines with regard to dietary fibers as well as alcohol. This implies that excessive consumption of the same are likely to interfere with dietary planning for the body. The results, however, indicate that carbs, protein, fats and alcohol consumption, all fall within the recommended levels which are 57%, 17%, 29%, and 0% respectively. These are reflected in the graph below: However, they fail to reach the maximum recommended levels. Increasing consumption of these elements is likely to increase the calorie intake to meet the desired levels.

A reduced carbohydrate diet begins when a reduced intake of carp makes the body burn glycogen to produce energy (McArdle, Katch, & Katch, 2007). When the body burns glycogen, it produces water resulting in loss of weight by an individual. A heavily restrained carb diet is capable of making the body to burn fat in a metabolic process known as ketosis whereby ketones build up with the individuals bloodstream. This causes a desirable effect by physical removal of the bodys fat but retaining the muscle tissues during the process. However, plenty of ketones can result in various undesirable symptoms including nausea, bad breath, and failure of the human kidney as well as gout.

The results from the dietary analysis showed that the average calorie intake falls below the calorie expenditure. The expenditure is set at 1866 kCal, far above the intake of 1408 kCal, amounting to a deficit of 457kCal. This implies that there is need to adjust calorie intake to meet the needs of the body. Failure to such would imply that the body will have to use body fats resulting loss of weight an in appropriate changes in BMI. In day 3 however, calorie consumption is larger than the bodys requirements. While the body required 1723 kCal, 1178 kCal is taken in, a figure which is commendable and good for health.

Nutrition is basically based on characterization of foods, definition of metabolic pathways, and on identification of interactions between foods and metabolism. The dietary arrangement of foods, as well as cultural diversity, to a greater extent defines the health of individuals, their growth as well as overall development (McArdle, Katch, & Katch, 2007). Risky acts like alcohol consumption, inactivity, and tobacco consumption also contribute to an individuals health deterioration. These aspects occur in social, cultural, political, as well as economic environments. When nutrition and lifestyle is poorly planned, all the undesirable things begin to occur, wounds dont heal, people lose muscle as well as weight, among many others

Nutrition as is applicable to daily life covers what individual take to maintain their body health conditions, whether positively or negatively. Lifestyle on the other hand covers the activities that in individuals engage in and often affect their health. They are important in determine the levels of different kinds of foodstuff that an individual needs to take to keep up their bodys functioning effectively (Ferry, 2011). Nutrition nurtures human bodies and enhances individuals ability to stay healthy and function in a manner they are intended to. Nutrition applies to the ability of individuals to offer their body with all the foods it requires including vitamins and minerals in order to facilitate their daily life activities.

In conclusion, it is important to mention that while in most instances, the nutritional requirements have been successfully met; there are various areas where the desirable DRI has not been achieved. This implies a need to adjust lifestyle to suit the nutritional plan and requirements to reach the desirable levels. For instance, sodium consumption far exceeds the desired limits while dietary fiber consumption falls below the desirable limits. Generally, the intake recorded in this case fell lower than the desired DRI in a number of areas. Of most fundamental concern is the fact that calorie intake fell below the calorie requirements implying that the body consumed more than it received. This basically translates to a loss of weight is actually undesirable considering that the BMI is already at its best. However, a slight loss or a slight increase will still retain the BMI within the desirable range but only on short-term basis.

References

Ferry M. (2011). Strategies for ensuring good nutrition among in the elderly. Nutr Rev. 63:S22S29.

McArdle, W.D., Katch, F.I. & Katch, V.L. (2007). Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition and Human Performance. J. Nutr.12 (2), pp. 345-367.

Nicastro, H. L. et. al. (2010). Nutritional planning and management among adolescents. European Journal of Nutrition, 8(3), 234-241.

Categorical/Topical

Many young adults have ever thought of leading a healthy lifestyle that includes physical exercise and dietary habits. I figured that many of you are especially concerned about staying in shape, especially at a young age, since your current lifestyle will define your future well-being. Today, people aged between 18 and 26 are on numerous diets to maintain their physical shape? (UChicago Medicine; Giroux).

Transition

I am sure the majority of you are interested in the outcomes of the keto diet for the human body. First, I will briefly narrate what recommendations the diet prescribes.

The Keto diet requires high-fat consumption instead of relying solely on carbohydrates. According to the source, in a daily 2,000-calorie diet, that might look like 165 grams of fat, 40 grams of carbs, and 75 grams of protein (Harvard Health Publishing 7). In general, it presumes consuming small portions of vegetables, grains, and sugar but does not restrict eating foods containing saturated fats and proteins (Kianpour).

As you can see, the diet is high in saturated fats, and this means it can affect ones health.

The main potential risk is nutrient deficiency because when a person does not consume vegetables or grains, they lack such micronutrients as selenium or vitamins B and C. Moreover, the diet is low in fiber foods which causes constipation (Harvard Health Publishing; Kianpour). Kidney and liver problems may be listed as negative consequences of high-fat consumption because too much fat and protein are hard to metabolize (UChicago Medicine).

As you may notice, even though the diet helps people lose weight, it causes significant harm to the human body. Although I have never tried this diet, I consider that nutrient consumption should not be cut down to zero since it harms ones health (Giroux). As an audience thinking about looking good, doing sports, and eating healthy food, I suggest you research a more nutritious diet.

Works Cited

Kianpour, Masoud. Body Management as a Resource Culture to Achieve the Good Life (the Keto Diet in Iran). Culture & Psychology, vol. 27, no. 1, 2021, pp. 118130.

Giroux, Natalya F. The Keto Diet and Long-Term Weight Loss: Is It a Safe Option? Inquiries Journal, vol. 12, no. 10, 2020.

Ketogenic Diet: What Are The Risks? UChicago Medicine, 2019. Web.

Should You Try The Keto Diet? Harvard Health Publishing, 2020. Web.