Category: Criminal Justice

Describe the current research related to your research question including a crim

Describe the current research related to your research question including a criminological theory (or two) that might help inform your hypothesis, ensuring the use of APA format including a reference page (properly formatted).
1) Current literature on topic (~1-2 pages) (15 points)
○ What does the previous literature in your topic area say about your research question (i.e., what did others find)
○ What is missing (i.e., what gaps exist) in the current literature (i.e., what don’t we know)?
2) Criminological theory (or two) that might apply (~1-2 pages) (15 points)
○ Name the theory and describe theory (what are its underlying assumptions? What does it theorize?)
○ How does your topic fit with this theory?
Research Topic:
) Sometimes at work people find themselves the object of sexual advances, propositions, or unwanted sexual discussions from co-workers or supervisors.
The advances sometimes involve physical contact and sometimes just involve sexual conversations. Has this ever happened to you?
I need it by 9:30 PM Eastern Time Zone

-Chapter 6: Social Structure Theory
*IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT YOU DEFINE TERMS FROM

-Chapter 6: Social Structure Theory
*IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT YOU DEFINE TERMS FROM THE REQUIRED TEXT FOR
THIS COURSE WITH NO EXCEPTIONS!!! PUT YOUR NAME AND G NUMBER ON THE
ASSIGNMENT. PLEASE USE THE DEFINITIONS FOUND IN THE REQUIRED TEXT FOR
THIS COURSE AND MAKE SURE YOU DO NOT CHANGE THE ORDER OF THE TERMS ANY
DEVIATION FROM THIS YOU WILL RECEIVE A “ZERO”.) NUMBER YOUR TERMS. PUT
YOUR NAME AND G NUMBER ON YOUR ASSIGNMENT.
Middle-Class Measuring Rods
Corner Boy
College Boy
Delinquent Boy
Reaction Formation
Differential Opportunity
Culture of Poverty
At-Risk
White Privilege
Black Lives Matter
Social Structure Theory
Social Disorganization Theory
Strain Theory
Strain
Cultural Deviance Theory
Transitional Neighborhoods
Concentration Effect
Incivilities
Siege Mentality
Gentrification
Collective Efficacy
Subcultures
Conduct Norms
Culture Conflict
Focal Concerns
Street Efficacy
Relative Deprivation
Anomie
Mechanical Solidarity
Organic Solidarity
Theory of Anomie
Institutional Anomie Theory
American Dream
Negative Affective States
Socially Disorganized
Stratified Society
Social Class
Underclass
General Strain Theory (GST)
40. Status Frustration
Siegel, Larry.. Criminology: The Core 7th or 8th Edition. Cengage: Boston, MA.

Answer the assigned question listed below in an organized and coherent fashion,

Answer the assigned question listed below in an organized and coherent fashion, providing as much detail and critical analysis of the issue as possible. The essay is an open book and open notes assignment.  You may also use independent sources as well as notes from class lectures; however, your textbook is the main foundation and roadmap to your answers.
 
The essay must be a minimum of 500 words (not counting title/reference pages).  Spelling, grammar, and proper APA formatting is a must. A minimum of two (2) citations utilizing each covered chapter from the textbook and one (1) outside source are required.      
 
Anomie theories explain why some societies (macro-level) have higher rates of crime than others, while Strain theories explain why some individuals (micro-level) commit more crime than others. Please provide a summary of Merton’s Anomie Theory and explain how Agnew built upon it with his General Strain Theory.

In chapter 7, demographics of correctional populations are explored. The textboo

In chapter 7, demographics of correctional populations are explored. The textbook author (Seiter, 2025) notes in the last three decades the number of adults under all forms of correctional supervision has increased from 1.6 million to over 7.7 million. Although men continue to represent the largest demographic of individuals involved in the criminal justice system, the number of women involved in the criminal justice system has rapidly grown. For example, in 2019, women made up 20.9 percent of all arrests for violent offenses, 38.4 percent of arrests for property offenses, and 25.5 percent of arrests for drug offenses. Gender differences has significantly impacted the correctional system.
Discuss some of the challenges experienced by women in the correctional system. Then, explain whether or not women should be sentenced differently than men. Your initial discussion post should be between 2-3 well-developed paragraphs; use the textbook and one additional reference to support your position by including in-text reference citations.
When citing a direct quote, include reference page number. Check APA Manual 7th ed for proper citation format. Please use an example from the TEXTBOOK in which the authors citation includes (Seiter, 2025), and one additional source to help bring the whole thing together. I am attaching files from the textbook below for you to use, thank you so much for your help and please don’t hesitate to reach out if any questions!!!
MAKE SURE EVERYTHING IS IN APA FORMAT.

This is the full topic of the essay
– Topic 3 – Drug Decriminalization in Portu

This is the full topic of the essay
– Topic 3 – Drug Decriminalization in Portugal
Although other countries have followed more recently, Portugal was the first major country to
decriminalize all drugs, not just marijuana. What led up to their decision to enact this somewhat radical
policy change? What evidence exists of successes or failures with this policy now that it is has been in
existence for quite some time? Should other countries expect similar results if they implement the same type of policy?
This writing assignment requires you to select one topic from this handout and cover the issue
comprehensively in a paper of roughly 2,000-3,000 words.
Complete APA format which includes Cover Page, In-Text Citations, and Reference Page
Consult the best sources possible. This will vary, depending on your topic

Create a 10-slide PowerPoint presentation on the importance of implementing an e

Create a 10-slide PowerPoint presentation on the importance of implementing an ethics-training program for a public organization.
Components of the presentation will include:
Five to six abbreviated bullets for each slide, using approximately 24-point font.
Appropriate background for your slides.
Notes View section below each slide to incorporate the talking points that you would use when presenting each slide. Each speaker note should be at least one paragraph containing 5 to 10 sentences.
The sequence of slides will be:
Slide 1: Title slide – title of the assignment, student name, course title, and date;
Slide 2: Basis for your research;
Slide 3: Conclusions from your research;
Slide 4: Four Goals for an ethics-training program;
Slide 5 and 6: Cite two examples of public administration corruption;
Slide 7 and 8: Describe two areas public institutions should focus on over the next five years;
Slide 9: Summary (note the key points and why you believe this is important), and
Slide 10: References (APA format).
You are required to use at least three sources in your presentation. Adhere to APA Style when constructing this assignment, including in-text citations and references for all sources that are used

1. Debate the question of the competitive merits of a technical-professional ver

1. Debate the question of the competitive merits of a technical-professional versus a liberal arts preservice education for new criminal justice employees.
2. Discuss the relative merits and disadvantages of the three means of providing in-service training: OJT, in-house, and contracted training.
3. Explain Chris Argyris’s immaturity-maturity theory in terms of criminal justice employee socialization.
4. ( 2 points) Explain each of the four steps to take in providing employee development programs in 2-3 sentences each, highlighting any key points.
5. What key reasons cause public employees to stagnate (slow or no advancement) within organizations?
6. 4. Describe the implications and conclusion of Farnese, et al., with regard to hypothesis six (H6).
please answer all questions. No reference page needed

PLEASE respond to TWO individual students with ONE post EACH. EACH response MUST

PLEASE respond to TWO individual students with ONE post EACH. EACH response MUST be AT LEAST 250 words EACH with citations from all least 1 scholarly source.
The following is the ORIGINAL Discussion Thread: Discuss the key benefits and strategies of coding. What are the potential dangers to avoid while coding interviews?
First Student: John
O’Leary (2009) warns the qualitative researcher that efforts to reduce observations to meaning are intricate and complex and threaten the richness of the data collected. Cautioning students of the discipline that given the wide array of data analysis that has developed, they frequently spend a great deal of time trying to determine the best path forward, haphazardly select a methodology, press on without a well-defined method, or an assortment of each of these to properly code their data. Qualitative researchers attach a different meaning to the word “code” than other disciplines, according to Glesne (2016). Glesne stated that qualitative researchers use the phrase code to describe the process of placing similar pieces of information discerned from research into categories for further analysis. Hopefully, the researcher will be able to identify themes, patterns, and processes from this analysis and discover links between these pieces of information. To avoid confusion, some commentators refer to coding in this context as indexing, though Glesne does not, as it deprives the value of linking concepts of great importance in the process. Viruru and Rios (2021) define coding as breaking down into useful chunks of information, which can now be done through computer software programs.
Knowing what coding is does not lend itself to understanding what strategies might be in play for its deployment. Mock and O’Connor (2022) suggested the strategy of emergent coding when confronting a large task. Emergent coding allows the codes to arise from frequent data reviews, which the researchers evaluate before establishing codes. The predominant strategy of coding, relying on pre-set codes the researchers impose on the data at the outset of the project, risks the misclassification or overlooking of a critical category that could have been observed with patience. Emergent coding requires the researchers to conduct several iterations of the data before settling on coding categories. Allen et al. (2017) stated that emergent coding allows for categorization only after the researcher has examined the data through an iterative process. Busetto et al. (2020) laid out two main strategies for qualitative research, each resulting in the necessary coding of the data. Regardless of the strategy pursued, they explain that there is a strong preference for two researchers to engage in the coding process. This is especially true at the beginning of the coding when useful parameters for each category have not yet been fully developed. Frequently, the common meaning for each code matures during the process.
Campbell et al. (2013) recognize that the reliability of results remains an issue for qualitative researchers. There is a great risk that different coders, raters, and observers will come to different conclusions. Intercoder reliability remains a challenge in many interview-based projects. Cheung and Tai (2021) agree with this analysis and believe that researchers must better explain their coding techniques and transparency in their processes to combat this problem. Ryan (2009) endorses that greater transparency in the qualitative research process should relieve some of the stress regarding the reliability of the observations and coding that supports the project.
Christian Worldview
Scripture directs people to be curious. The unknown world is God’s glory, and kings are to uncover it (King James Bible Online, 2007, Proverbs 25:2). I believe a modern trope exists that Christians reject science. If this is true, this is odd to me. God expects people to study his great works (King James Bible Online, 2007, Romans 111:2). Understanding qualitative research methods is consistent with this theological direction.
References
Allen, K.-A., Kern, M. L., Vella-Brodrick, D., & Waters, L. (2017). School values: A comparison of academic motivation, mental health promotion, and school belonging with student achievement. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 34(1), 31–47. https://doi.org/10.1017/edp.2017.5
Busetto, L., Wick, W., & Gumbinger, C. (2020). How to use and assess qualitative research methods. Neurological Research and Practice, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42466-020-00059-z
Campbell, J. L., Quincy, C., Osserman, J., & Pedersen, O. K. (2013). Coding in-depth semistructured interviews. Sociological Methods & Research, 42(3), 294–320. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124113500475
Cheung, K. K., & Tai, K. W. (2021). The use of intercoder reliability in qualitative interview data analysis in Science Education. Research in Science; Technological Education, 41(3), 1155–1175. https://doi.org/10.1080/02635143.2021.1993179
Glesne, C. (2016). Becoming qualitative researchers: An introduction. Pearson.
King James Bible Online. (2007). Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1769) www.kingjamesbibleonline.org
Mock, B., & James O’Connor. (2022). Taxonomic categories for commissioning and startup hot spot strategies. Construction Innovation, 22(1), 120-140. https://doi.org/10.1108/CI-07-2020-0118
O’Leary, Z. (2009). Researching real-world problems: A guide to methods of inquiry. Sage.
Ryan, M. (2009). Making visible the coding process: Using qualitative data software in a post-structural study. Issues in Educational Research, 19(2), 142-161. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/liberty.edu?u…
Viruru, R., & Rios, A. (2021). Needed methodological emancipation: Qualitative coding and the institutionalization of the Master’s Voice. Qualitative Inquiry, 27(10), 1146–1158. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778004211021814
2) Timothy,
At this point in the course, we have shaped research questions, run trials to see if they are viable, examined ethics in research, and conducted an observation. Most of the activities thus far have revolved around the collection of data. Now it is time to start analyzing that data. Given the nature of open-ended questioning needed for qualitative research, there is a range of responses. Once the data is collected, the question remains of how to interpret that data. Inevitably there will be themes present and many respondents will have similar answers. One way to interpret the data is through coding. Coding done by people is a way to inductively find common themes or ideas from individual survey responses (Miner et al., 2023). There must be a way to decipher the information obtained.
The process of coding varies by the researcher. As the process is not typically published, coding is not subject to scrutiny. Somewhat like taking notes. However, coding is necessary to help decipher data. Coding is an accepted method for qualitative researchers that involves breaking down data into much smaller narratives that are easier to decipher (Viruru & Rios, 2021). The process can be done manually or using software. I use the Leeds Method which develops relationship clusters when researching genealogy. Genetic genealogy research is time-consuming and can be difficult. It is necessary to investigate the ancestors who are related to each other in hopes of determining the most recent common ancestor between two individuals linked through a family tree (Erturk et al., 2022). That method involves color codes which help to demonstrate lineage graphically. I plan to use a similar method to group qualitative responses. Also, each response may fit more than one theme, so I plan to group by theme while allowing for overlap or even agreement between respondents on multiple factors.
Analyzing qualitative data has numerous decision points. The researcher must decide how to code responses and which factors to use. At many points during the research process, the researcher may look to the Bible for help. The Bible says, “Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision: for the day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision” (King James Bible, 2017/1769, Joel 3:14). The researcher is in a place somewhat like the valley of decision.
Although this post may portray coding as being a difficult and daunting task, it is intended to assist the researcher and to make their analysis of the data better and more accurate. Such a system is needed to decipher the data, draw conclusions, and ultimately make recommendations. Inevitably, there will be themes that the researcher will find, and documenting those themes can become important to portray the topic that is being studied.
References
Ertürk, M. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Press, M., & Wein, L. M. (2022). Analysis of the genealogy process in forensic genetic genealogy. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 67(6), 2218-2229. https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.15127
King James Bible (2019). King James Bible Online. https://kingjamesbibleonline.org. (Original work published 1769).
Miner, A. S., Stewart, S. A., Halley, M. C., Nelson, L. K., & Linos, E. (2023). Formally comparing topic models and human-generated qualitative coding of physician mothers’ experiences of workplace discrimination. Big Data & Society, 10(1), 205395172211491. https://doi.org/10.1177/20539517221149106
Viruru, R., & Rios, A. (2021). Needed methodological emancipation: Qualitative coding and the institutionalization of the Master’s voice. Qualitative Inquiry, 27(10), 1146-1158. https://doi.org/10.1177/10778004211021814

Prepare:
Maras Chapters 7-10
Prompt:
In a 2-3 page paper, describe which steps

Prepare:
Maras Chapters 7-10
Prompt:
In a 2-3 page paper, describe which steps are necessary to preserve a crime scene and ensure that the evidence obtained (especially electronic evidence) is admissible in court?
Procedure:
Write a 3-page APA format response.
Texts and Materials:
Maras, M. H. (2014). Computer Forensics: Cybercriminals, Laws and Evidence. 2nd Ed. Jones & Bartlett Learning, ISBN-13: 9781449692223
Please use only the textbook.
Important note: The current chapters being used are chapters 7-10

research a Ted Talk or inspirational Youtube video regading information you have

research a Ted Talk or inspirational Youtube video regading information you have read in Chapters 3, 4,5 and 5 of the textbook Management and Supervision in Law Enforcement. The topics consist of Communication, Time Managemnent, and Decision-Making.
Select One chapter and One topic. Post a 150 word discussion discussion post and provide your thoughts on why you chose this topic ( in reference to leadership) and then compare and contrast the lessons learned in the selected chapter.
the video I would like to use: https://www.ted.com/talks/peter_sloly_no_more_excuses_better_policing_safer_communities_today