Category: Code of Ethics

Brief Description of the Ethical Dilemma

A popular and distinct technological advancement in the present world is robotic surgery that has been acquired in the entire health care industry. In Britain, several surgeries are being conducted by robots and these surgeries have become successful without indulging any type of problem. However, there had been an incident, in which a patient almost died due to technical failure of the camera within a robot, doing his surgery. Several medical problems like cardiac arrest were spotted due to this issue. As a result, there had been a specific ethical dilemma for IT professionals to deal with all types of complexities.

Application of Utilitarianism Theory

The first and the most popular ethical theory is utilitarianism theory, which is also referred to as the major part of the consequentialism theory. It states that a situation or individual can be referred to as ethical in nature, only when it will be providing any type of utility or benefit to the respective involved individuals (Enderle, 2015). As a result, the various aspects of utility are being highlighted in the process, and the individual gains maximum efficiency and effectiveness. It also assures that the respective organization is focusing on the well-being of different people under every possible circumstance and providing maximum advantages or happiness to them.

After considering this specific ethical theory for the case scenario of robotic surgeries, proper analysis and observation have been considered that the robot-based surgeries are extremely effective for the technological world and would be reducing manual barriers completely (Maniora, 2017). Moreover, the robots would not be emotionally affected by the conditions of the patients and hence the surgeries can be completed even with the most critical cases easily and promptly. Thus, chances of failure in the surgeries would be less than human doctors.

Application of Deontology Theory

The second popular and distinct ethical theory is the deontology theory. This particular theory could be stated as the distinct ethical theory that states that any action or activity should be judged on the fact that whether rules are being followed eventually or not. If any specific activity has followed rules and regulations, it is termed as ethical and it is not considered after checking the consequences (Trevino & Nelson, 2016). It refers to the fact that even if the consequences are negative for action, if rules are followed, the situation is effective as well as ethical in nature. This particular theory is completely opposite to the utilitarianism theory that focuses on the utility as well as consequences on a top-level.

After considering this specific ethical theory of deontology for the case scenario of robotic surgeries, it can be observed that the respective IT professionals have tried to ensure that they are providing maximum advantages to the respective individuals of the health care industry, under every circumstance (Ogbari et al., 2016). Moreover, the nerve tissues of the doctors while conducting any type of surgery would be successfully eradicated in this process. Major willingness towards surgeries would be determined eventually by following the rules and also not highlighting the consequences. As a result, a positive attitude is being present for this particular ethical theory.

Application of Social Contract Theory

The third distinct and important ethical theory would be the social contract theory. It majorly refers to a specific socialized contract, which must be maintained for all individuals and companies (Sroka & Szántó, 2018). Such a distinct contract is eventually created amongst 2 specific parties, who would be following some of the most important and significant rules and regulations, after negotiation. These rules are mainly for the ethical approach to be followed by both the parties and also bring out a successful and effective solution for the issue highlighted in the aspect. It even reduces the chance of failure in the business, since disputes are avoided due to the negotiation.

After considering this specific ethical theory for the case scenario of robotic surgeries, it is being observed that there was a social contract between the IT professionals and the entire health care industry regarding robotic surgeries (Barry, 2016). As the IT professionals were responsible for making this robotic surgery occur, it was evident that the contract became a failure since a patient almost died due to the technical failure of the robot performing such activity. Hence, it can be referred to as unethical in nature.

Application of Character-Based Ethics Theory

The fourth distinct and important ethical theory would be character-based ethical theory. It is also termed as virtue ethical theory, in which the respective character of an individual is being checked that whether they are following an ethical approach or not. Moreover, the virtue or moral of an individual is also checked in this manner and the individuals or organizations are able to understand the ethical concept (Belle, 2017). After considering this specific ethical theory for the case scenario of robotic surgeries, it is being observed that the IT professionals wanted to help the industry and hence they were ethical for their works. Moreover, they reduced the burden of the doctors to a high level.

Proposed Solution to the Ethical Dilemma with Four Ethical Theories

A proposed solution to this specific ethical dilemma of IT professionals supporting robot-based ethics with the analyses of utilitarianism, deontology, social contract, and character-based ethical theories would be that this type of robotic surgery should be used by the health care industry (Pearson, 2017). Furthermore, the doctors should be present at the surgery place when the robots would be performing such actions to guide the robots. It is absolutely ethical in nature and would be providing some of the most distinct and noteworthy advantages to the issue. Moreover, it would ensure that the IT professionals are helping the technological developments are taking place eventually and major advantages would be provided for the doctors and patients. The social contract would be maintained by these distinct professionals and they would be able to deal with all types of manual barriers and complexities effectively and efficiently.

Application of ACS Codes of Ethics in the Case Study of Robotic Surgery

The ACS code of ethics is referred to as the part of the ACS Constitution and being the part of the constitution, it is the core responsibility of every individual or organization to follow the rules and regulations effectively for ensuring that the steps or actions, undertaken in the process are absolutely ethical in nature (ACS Code of Ethics. 2020). Proper analysis and application of ACS code of ethics in this case scenario of IT professionals enabling robot-based surgeries are provided below:

The Primacy of the Public Interests. This is the first as well as the most distinct code for ACS. It proves that the interests of the public or customers should be kept on top priority for every professional in their work. It would ensure that he or she is considering their customers’ choices on top priority from the personal, sectional, and even business interests. In this case scenario of robotic surgery, the IT professionals have kept such distinct effectiveness of technology on top point, so that the patients and doctors get maximum advantages without any type of issue. Hence, an ethical approach is being followed by these professionals and the scenario is ethical.

The Enhancement of the Quality of Life. The second significant and important code of ethics is to enhance the overall quality of life. In spite of the fact that a patient was almost killed in the process of robot-based surgery, the case scenario is absolutely ethical in nature; since the IT professionals had the intention of helping the industry and ensuring that all types of significant procedures are being followed eventually so that the doctors do not face any issue related to tremor or time and surgeries can be done at any point of time (ACS Code of Ethics. 2020). Hence, the approach of the IT professionals was ethical in nature.

Honesty. The next distinct and noteworthy code of ethics is to ensure that honesty. The professionals of information technology were absolutely ethical and honest and they have followed all types of rules and regulations related to such technologically advanced surgeries. However, there exists a risk of technological failure in every case; hence it was not their fault.

Competence. The IT professional have maintained maximum diligence as well as competence within their works and in the present situation, several such surgeries are taking place in the United Kingdom and the patients are cured accordingly.

Professional Development. Professional development was being maintained by the IT professionals in their works and they have ensured that maximum effectiveness is being gained due to such surgeries and time and cost is saved to a high level.

Professionalism. The robots, designed by the professionals are highly professional and they have maintained professionalism in their accordingly (ACS Code of Ethics. 2020). The main purpose of this particular code of ethics is that a set of values or laws is being followed for maintaining professionalism and professional attributes eventually and it is being followed by them.

Today, students seek higher education and attend facilities as liberal arts colleges, private sectors, and public universities. These educational institutions have designed, and created performance benchmarks as a resourceful guide, to inform students, educators, and personnel on the order of regulations, policies, and procedures. At Saint Leo University their educational mission supports and facilitates opportunities for students, personal, and educators to understand the operational structure values. The University vision is focused on educating students and offering all equality, and the means to achieve higher education and tools to attain their goals while recognizing the importance of value and how it contributes to personal and professional aspects in life(Saint Leo, 2019)

Saint Leo University of ”Code of Conduct”, is used to instruct students what is required as applicable actions, and is designed exhibiting six core values. These values are tools of empowerment that offers knowledge to meet students needs. The concept of incorporating six values is too also, unify the college community and the students who are enrolled on campus or who take online courses. The internal framework is a model with a set of core values that pertain to ” excellence, respect, responsibility, stewardship, personal development, community, and integrity”(Saint Leo, 2019). At this university students are held to the highest standard when it comes to academics. All are responsible to abide by the academic honor code and should reframe from performing academic misconduct, plagiarism, or cheating.

Unfortunately, as part of the educational system, students and teachers deal on daily bases, barriers that pertain to unethical behaviors. Ethics are standards that pertain to right and wrong conduct performed by students. Saint Leo University’s, code of ethics manages common ethical issues that arise concerning disciplinary actions, such lying, taking credit for another colleagues’ work, and the use of improperly citing researched information. Incorporated within the educational framework is the zero tolerance policy that is used for aggressive, anti-social, and behavioral issues towards bullying, discrimination, sexual harassment, and carrying a firearm on campus. Ethical and Development professionals responsible for identifying personal needs and design a training program that will comply with employees needs. As part of the job, this profession requires interviewing new employees, overseeing training, evaluation of progression, and teamwork in group settings.

Today, Human Resources have been incorporated as a segment to manage and develop strategic strategies to recruit, hire, and develop plans to maximize the efficiency of an organization. Organizations with Human Resource Analysts their role involves suggesting advice on how managerial leaders can implement the appropriate measures to handle employees strategically. Managing human resources requires strategic planning to address not only employers changing needs but also a competitive job market that is constantly evolving. In order for a company to remain competitive, the HR department seeks to recruit and hire employees, who have specific skills, and are technology savvy to meet the future goals of a company. During the employment process, the Human Resource professional performs an evaluation which also determines if the candidate will fit in their community and believe in the vision of the company. In addition, human resource management (HRM), strategize to develop competitive comprehensive plans to assist employees and retain long-term commitments it requires offering a flexible work schedule, pension plan, and benefits packages.

The job of Human Resource Professional involves tackling legal and liability issues that pertain to confidentiality, labor rights, and laws. As an analyst, it requires handling ethical and legal issues with confidentiality and integrity within a work environment. As a requirement, of the HR department, confidentiality is essential and this can hinder the reputation of the individual or their career.

In business world, human resource management needs to ensure employers abide by the laws to protect their employees as well as their business. Organizations that consider marketing domestic or Internationally are responsible for implicating laws to make sure their workers receive basic rights and the company abide by national laws. Employee training is essential for developing individuals’ skill sets and expand economic growth. In the field of business, students have two types of training programs to choose; contract training or in house training.

Contract training is used to train employees from an outside organization, where In- house training is provided by the employer. A corporation that best represents an organization providing their employees with the appropriate training is the Disney Company. The family-oriented firm has two sources of training. The internal training program, ”Traditions” is an in house process that offers interns and cast members to work in ” live laboratories”, to receive the first-hand experience and attend Disney Institute, attending semesters and educational programs such as managerial leadership. In addition, the company has an educational program, Disney Aspires designed for hourly employees who want to receive trade or degree that is accredited, such as Valencia College who has collaborated educational program that is applicable to the Disney Way. Though both are a source to receive valuable knowledge and to develop skills, the two training programs offer an employer’s personnel different educational styles. Organizations that offer in-house are capable of designing the exact skills and materials for an employee to succeed in their position, while also providing convenience.

Through on the job training, employees are provided access to strategic planning and learn to establish goals and develop safe practices. Contrast training is an external development process that is taught by industry experts. Employers who use a third-party organization to train employees need to make sure the material is relevant and is designed for employees to apply for their hired position. In using a contract trainer, the specific training program developed is evaluated by the participants by providing feedback. This is how the instructors know if they had met the desired results. From the feedback, programs are continuously updated and prepared for a future session. Also, when thinking about the expense of the style of training, it is more cost-effective for employees to attend in house training programs rather than external training programs, unless the employer has a compensation plan that assists with helping to attend educational programs or vocational training programs. Training and development programs are the future to the success of any type of organization. No matter the style of training either one is beneficial and will help strengthen personal and professional skills and make a person wiser to be capable to perform the requirements of the hired position as well as achieve success.

Reference

1. EdDirect Education. (2019). Ethics in Education. [online] Available at: http://www.eddirect.com/resources/education/ethics-in-education [Accessed 2 May 2019].
2. Saintleo.edu. (2019). [online] Available at: https://www.saintleo.edu/hubfs/Greek%20Life/Student%20Affairs/Code%20of%20Conduct.pdf [Accessed 2 May 2019].
3. Smallbusiness.chron.com. (2019). The Role of Human Resource Management in Organizations. [online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/role-human-resource-management-organizations-21077.html [Accessed 2 May 2019].
4. Smallbusiness.chron.com. (2019). What Are the Major Ethical Issues Business People Face?. [online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/major-ethical-issues-business-people-face-20900.html [Accessed 2 May 2019].
5. Smallbusiness.chron.com. (2019). 10 Reasons HR Is Important to an Organization. [online] Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/10-reasons-hr-important-organization-22424.html [Accessed 2 May 2019].
6. WiseStep. (2019). Top 7 Legal Issues Faced in Human Resources Professionals – WiseStep. [online] Available at: https://content.wisestep.com/legal-issues-faced-human-resources/ [Accessed 2 May 2019].

Introduction

The main purpose of education is to create skills, grasp knowledge and spread awareness about our glorious national heritage. The values enshrined in our constitution lay stress on attaining basic scientific outlook and commitment to the ideals of patriotism, democracy, secularism, socialism and peace. Education should strive for academic excellence and progress of the arts and science in conformity with our national needs and priorities. For the purpose of this code, the term ‘teacher’ covers all school teachers, on full-time or part-time basis.

Teachers help students learn the academic basics, but they also teach valuable life lessons by setting a positive example. As role models, teachers must follow a professional code of ethics. This ensures that students receive a fair, honest and uncompromising education. A professional code of ethics outlines teachers’ main responsibilities to their students and defines their role in students’ lives. Above all, teachers must demonstrate integrity, impartiality and ethical behavior in the classroom and in their conduct with parents and co-workers

Code of Ethics for Teachers

A professional code of ethics outlines teachers’ main responsibilities to their students and defines their role in students’ lives. Above all, teachers must demonstrate integrity, impartiality and ethical behavior in the classroom and in theirconduct with parents and coworkers.

Teachers help students learn the academic basics, but they also teach valuable life lessons by setting a positive example. As role models, teachers must follow a professional code of ethics. This ensures that students receive a fair, honest and uncompromising education. A professional code of ethics outlines teachers’ main responsibilities to their students and defines their role in students’ lives. Above all, teachers must demonstrate integrity, impartiality and ethical behavior in the classroom and in their conduct with parents and coworkers.

Professional Ethics and Accountability for Teachers

Ethics originated as the philosophical study, begun by Plato and Aristotle, of what constituted a good life. Under the tutelage of subsequent philosophers, the thought came about that a truly good life was a life lived virtuously. This line of though helped to establish a philosophical study of just and unjust behavior. This has taken root most especially in the professional field where the jobs of people have grant them a certain amount of authority.

Professional Ethics

If one is attempting to live a just, and therefore ethical, life, then it follows that their actions should be virtuous in their vocation as well as their personal life. This is the beginning of professional ethics. Professional ethics were established, and are constantly being developed, as a guiding set of principles that help dictate what constitutes good behavior of person in authority. Professional ethics, in short, are the means of which we judge authority’s validity.

Professional Ethical Principles:

• The following are the basic “rules” for ethical behavior:
• Not using authority to influence personal life or for monetary gain.
• Not using authority with malicious intent.
• Acting within the scope of position’s authority only.
• Not influencing or advocating unethical conduct in others.
• Acting in good faith to fulfill the duty of the position of authority.

Need of Professional Ethics:

• To aware the teachers to do their duties and abiding by truth, hard work and honesty when they tend towards comforts, selfishness, laziness and money.
• To change the conduct and behavior of teachers in such a way behind which there must be social acceptance and approval.
• To act as a role model for students by behaving in ethical manner to one and all.
• To create, sustain and maintain a reciprocal relationship between school and society for ensuring harmonious development of the students as well as of society.
• To enable every teacher for becoming a real one in truest sense of the term by moulding his personality.
• To bring improvement in professional environment to make it more conducive, favourable and appropriate for effective working. For this the teacher have to follow the ethical codes of teaching profession.

The following are some professional ethics for teachers:

• Loyalty Towards Duty
• Punctuality
• Dutifulness
• Respect for the profession
• Respect for the institution
• Respect and admiration for Co-Staff
• Strictness and straight forwardness
• Truthfulness
• Honesty
• Good Behavior Towards Students
• Use of Rights
• Motivational Attitude
• Studious / Good Learner
• Dressing Sense
• Positive Attitude
• Innovative
• Proper Use of Authority

Ethics Involving Students

A teacher has a duty to encourage students to learn to the best of their abilities, and also to teach social values such as respect for self and others, integrity, responsibility, cooperation, loyalty and honesty. Teachers must follow school rules and enforce all rules equally. Teachers must not intentionally disparage students, and must not reveal confidential information about students.

Personal Integrity and Accountability

Teachers must he honest, law-abiding citizens with great personal integrity who strive for the best possible performance as a teacher. A teacher must have all necessary qualifications before accepting a job, and continue professional growth through additional training, certifications or advanced degrees as required by their employers. A teacher must not accept gifts that might appear to influence any professional decisions. A teacher must not violate official school policies at public events, and must make sure to clearly distinguish personal statements from any comments made in a professional capacity representing the school.

Ethics Involving Colleagues

Ethical behavior also applies to colleagues, and teachers do not intentionally make false statements about colleagues or the schools where they work. A teacher must also take care to not reveal any confidential information about colleagues, nor disparage or interfere with a colleague’s choice in educational methods.

Responsibilities to Parents and the Community at Large:

A teacher must strive to maintain an open, accepting classroom environment where students from all cultural backgrounds will feel comfortable. Teachers also have a responsibility to communicate honestly and openly with the parents of students regardless of the circumstances. A teacher also has a responsibility to be an active participant in extracurricular school activities as well as in the community at large.

Commitment to the Profession

The education profession is vested by the public with a trust and responsibility requiring the highest ideals of professional service.

In the belief that the quality of the services of the education profession directly influences the nation and its citizens, the educator shall exert every effort to raise professional standards, to promote a climate that encourages the exercise of professional judgment, to achieve conditions that attract persons worthy of the trust to careers in education, and to assist in preventing the practice of the profession by unqualified persons.

Professional Values and Relationships

Teachers should:

• be caring, fair and committed to the best interests of the pupils/students entrusted to their care, and seek to motivate, inspire and celebrate effort and success

1. acknowledge and respect the uniqueness, individuality and specific needs of pupils/ students and promote their holistic development
2. be committed to equality and inclusion and to respecting and accommodating diversity including those differences arising from gender, civil status, family status, sexual orientation, religion, age, disability, race, ethnicity, membership of the Traveller community and socio-economic status, and any further grounds as may be referenced in equality legislation in the future.

• seek to develop positive relationships with pupils/students, colleagues, parents, school management and others in the school community, that are characterised by professional integrity and judgement
• work to establish and maintain a culture of mutual trust and respect in their schools.

Professional Integrity:

Teachers should:

1. act with honesty and integrity in all aspects of their work
2. respect the privacy of others and the confidentiality of information gained in the course of professional practice, unless a legal imperative requires disclosure or there is a legitimate concern for the wellbeing of an individual
3. represent themselves, their professional status, qualifications and experience honestly
4. use their name/names as set out in the Register of Teachers, in the course of their professional duties
5. avoid conflict between their professional work and private interests which could reasonably be deemed to impact negatively on pupils/students.

Professional Conduct

Teachers should:

1. uphold the reputation and standing of the profession
2. take all reasonable steps in relation to the care of pupils/students under their supervision, so as to ensure their safety and welfare
3. work within the framework of relevant legislation and regulations
4. comply with agreed national and school policies, procedures and guidelines which aim to promote pupil/student education and welfare and child protection
5. report, where appropriate, incidents or matters which impact on pupil/student welfare
6. communicate effectively with pupils/students, colleagues, parents, school management and others in the school community in a manner that is professional, collaborative and supportive, and based on trust and respect
7. ensure that any communication with pupils/ students, colleagues, parents, school management and others is appropriate, including communication via electronic media, such as e-mail, texting and social networking sites
8. ensure that they do not knowingly access, download or otherwise have in their possession while engaged in school activities, inappropriate materials/images in electronic or other format
9. ensure that they do not knowingly access, download or otherwise have in their possession, illicit materials/images in electronic or other format

Why do we need to understand ethics in finance？

The ethical issues in the financial industry affect almost everyone. People’s lives are inseparable from the financial industry, so the moral issues of the financial industry are also the focus of attention. Many people even think that the financial services industry has more ethical issues than other industries.

The ethics in the financial industry are different from the ethics in our daily lives. What you think is ethical behavior in life may be unethical in the financial industry. For example, we have good friends who talk about everything in our daily lives. You will share everything with him. This is out of trust in him. But those engaged in the financial industry must abide by ethics. But when he shares the work information with his friends, if he knows the information but does not tell his friends, it means that he does not trust his friends, which is our deep-rooted idea. But out of the ethical standards of the industry, if he tells his friends relevant information and exerts a bad influence, this is also a violation of the ethical standards. This puts employees in an ethical dilemma.

Today, global transaction volume is gradually expanding. Although unethical situations are limited, the impact of unethical behavior is more complex and severe in the Internet age. If the company’s senior management attempts to obtain benefits, modify the financial statements and fraud, it may even cause the company to fail. And we can also find that this kind of ethical behavior is more personally controlled than the environment, so it is important to understand the ethical standards of the financial industry and establish correct regulations for employees to follow

From a philosophical point of view, ethics is equivalent to a standard that regulates people’s code of conduct. If a person follows the good side of everyone’s common understanding, then this person will be said to be ethical. But if a person does not comply with ethical standards, he may not receive serious punishment. Therefore, in this angle, ethics needs to be maintained by human self-consciousness. But the ethics of financial markets are different. The ethics of financial markets are more like a bottom line. Anyone who touches the bottom line will be punished.

Financial markets affect a large number of people. Even if you do not work in the financial field, you are still a consumer in this field. Therefore, it is very important to maintain the ethics of the financial market. The basic requirement of financial market ethics is fairness. Not everyone can abide by the financial market ethics One of the characteristics of human beings is greed. Some people’s desire for money trumps their sense of financial market ethics. This kind of person will make ethical violation behavior that destroys financial market ethics. And the most common violation of financial market ethics is insider trading.

Cases on insider trading

Sometimes insiders sell or buy stocks based on their own secret information. Next, let me share a related typical case. In December 2001, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that it would stop the production of a drug. This drug is an important part of the company’s production line. So after the news spread, the company’s stock fell sharply. Many investors have been affected. But the company’s CEO Samuel Waksal has not been affected. Martha Stewart is one of those who has not been affected. Because Martha Stewart’s broker Peter Bacanovic told her that Samuel Waksal sold her own company’s stock. The reason the broker knew the news was that Samuel Waksal was another of his clients. After knowing this news, Martha Stewart sold 4000 shares before the news came out. The total price of the stock sold is about 250,000 dollars. After this incident, many investors began to boycott Samuel Waksal. Samuel Waksal was also forced to resign as CEO. And she was eventually arrested in 2003, sentenced to more than seven years in prison, and fined 4.3 million dollars. In 2004, Martha Stewart was also convicted of insider trading. She was sentenced to five months in prison and fined 30,000 dollars. This is a good illustration of the truth that the risks of violating financial market ethics are much higher than the benefits. Obeying the financial market ethics can make the market fairer, and your investment can also get the return you deserve.

When a person is in a different position, the information that can be obtained is different. The higher the status of a person, the easier it is to obtain internal information. But the more likely he is to violate financial ethics. The most serious event in 2020 may be the outbreak of COVID-19. This global disaster had a serious impact on the economic development of the entire world. The US stock market has experienced four unprecedented blows due to the full-scale outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States. It had negatively affected almost everyone in the financial market. But some people are not affected by the stock market crash. When the epidemic in the United States was not as serious, US Senator Richard Burr knew the severity of the epidemic in advance. He learned that the epidemic in the United States may have a serious impact on the economy. But he spread the news to the people that the US epidemic can be controlled. At the same time, he sold 33 different stocks on February 13 with a total value of between 630,000 dollars and 1.7 million dollars. He is not the only one doing this kind of behavior. After investigation, at least four senators and about twenty members of the House of Representatives sold some financial assets at the same time. Although they have been found to be selling shares, they deny that they are using information unknown to the public for profit.

Related laws and regulations

Therefore, maintaining financial market ethics requires specific means. If the relevant legal provisions are not stipulated to maintain the ethics of the financial market, there will always be such a person to disturb the fairness of the financial market. Once the financial market is no longer fair, the vitality and participation of the financial market will be greatly reduced. In fact, the law has relevant provisions. The company must report the transaction content to the company’s important internal management personnel and the board of directors and disclose the situation to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The definition of a company’s key internal personnel is a person who holds 10% or more of the company’s shares. If the Securities and Exchange Commission investigates the insider’s insider trading problem, it will be punished by law. Participants in insider trading will be fined three times their illegally obtained profits and will judge the length of jail time based on serious circumstances. This is stipulated in the ‘Internal Trading Sanctions Law’ promulgated in 1984 and the ‘Inside Trading and Securities Trading Law’ promulgated in 1988. But the law can only play a role of supervision and punishment. The most important thing is that each of us consciously abides by financial market ethics. If we do not touch this bottom line, then we will have a better financial market environment.

Conflicts of interests

Conflicts of interest is a condition in which a person has an interest that restricts that person’s ability to act in the interest of another when that person is responsible to act in that other person’s interest . In other words, financial managers should act in the interest of their clients instead of themselves.

Conflict of interest is a moral hazard. A company or its employee providing financial services realizes the interests of one party at the expense of the interests of the other party. Conflicts of interest can significantly reduce the quality of information in financial markets and make the problem of information asymmetry more serious. It will also block financial markets from transferring funds to the most productive investment opportunities and resulting in lower efficiency of financial markets and economic operations.

Conflict of interest is a moral issue for financial managers. Financial services companies or their employees hide information or provide false information, thereby harming the interests of their customers. The investment bank may allocates some popular, undervalued initial public offerings (IPOs) to company executives who have potential business with the investment banks. This behavior is called spinning. Conflicts of interest may also happen in accounting institutions. Customers will put pressure on auditors and ask them to change their comments and opinions, otherwise their accounting and management business will be delivered to other companies. Auditors provide biased audit reports in order to expand or maintain audit business. Credit rating agencies evaluate the results that satisfy the securities issuing company. In the 2007-2008 subprime mortgage crisis, institutions that should provide reliable information to investors were motivated to deceive investors, and thus profited from investors and their customers. Conflicts of interest will also happen in universal bank. Banks make active promotions. However, customers need fair and rational suggestion.

Although the market can sometimes weaken the adverse effects of conflicts of interest, it is difficult to always effectively control the driving forces of those conflicts of interest. In 2002, Sarbanes-Oxley Act was introduced. It sets new requirement for all us public company boards, management and accounting firms. It is used to monitor and prevent conflicts of interest. The Global Legal Settlement was also introduced in 2002. First, it directly reduces conflicts of interest and requires investment banks to cut off the link between research and securities underwriting. It prohibits spinning. Second, it encourages investment banks to contain conflicts of interest themselves. Accused investment bank is fined $ 1.4 billion. It proposes specific measures to improve the quality of information in financial markets. It requires investment banks to disclose the content of recommendations provided by their analysts. Investment banks are required to sign 5-year contracts with no less than 3 independent research institutions and provide research services to their brokerage clients.

Conflicts of interests can be managed by transparent regulatory measures and separation of business functions. By setting up a firewall, the business activities of different departments are separated. The agent will not be responsible for multiple principals at the same time. Conflicts of interest can also be controlled by developing a sense of professionalism so that financial agencies get to know the importance of objective independent judgement.

Conclusion

Our society is built on morality. In the financial industry, observance of ethics is very important.The consequences of unethical behavior are painful for the company and the market. Companies can implement their own ethical standards, etc. to avoid unethical events. Creating a fair and ethical financial market environment is beneficial to everyone in the market, but this requires more than company or legal constraints. It is more necessary for each of us to understand the moral standards, enhance moral awareness, and keep the moral bottom line in our hearts.

Reference

1. Boatright, J., 2011. Ethics In Finance. [online] ResearchGate. Available at: [Accessed 25 April 2020].
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Eclectic Alchemy Solution Pty Ltd expects every employee to follow this set of codes, based on legislation and the values we hold. We as a company have a right to set our codes in accordance with our company brand.

Who must follow the code?

We expect all our employees and Board members to know and follow the Code. If a member of our company fails to comply with the demands set forth in our code of ethics, consequences may be put into place based on the severity of the breach of conduct. The code of ethics also applies to any volunteers, contractors and other temporarily employed members of staff to follow to code as any other member of staff may.

Customer Service

The upmost amount of integrity is expected when dealing with our customers. They need to be treated with respect and should be leaving our service with a smile on their faces. A higher standard of care is expected and should always be maintained in order for growth as a business.

Integrity

Our company upholds a professional reputation that is expected to be upheld in all that you do as an employee. Our reputation is exceptionally important for our customer to hold us as their preferred operators. A certain level of integrity should be engrained in everything you do for our corporation.

Responsiveness

Ensure that each customer gets served and finalised as soon as possible. It is essential that customers are getting processed at a rate that is in accordance with our current reputation and is of a high standard.

Support other employees

We expect that in each working environment all employees are supportive and respectful of others in the environment. Supporting each is essential for us all to reach our full potentials. As an employee of Eclectic Alchemy Solution Pty Ltd you are called to provide your upmost standard of creativity, in a safe a secure environment.

Harassment, Discrimination and Bullying

Harassment, Discrimination and Bullying is entirely not tolerated at our institution in any form verbal, physical, or visual. If you believe you’ve been bullied or harassed by anyone at Eclectic Alchemy Solution Pty Ltd, or by an Eclectic Alchemy Solution Pty Ltd partner or vendor, we strongly encourage you to instantly report the incident to your supervisor, Human Resources or both. Similarly, supervisors and managers who learn of any such incident ought to instantly report it to Human Resources. HR will promptly and completely investigate any complaints and take applicable action.

Safe Workplace

Our workplace should be considered a violence – free one. Violence of any calibre will not be tolerated, nor will any threat of violence within the workplace.

Confidentiality

Our certain kinds of company information, if leaked prematurely into the press or to competitors, can hurt our product launches, eliminate our competitive advantage and prove costly in other ways.

Engaging in enterprises ethically is important to a company’s success in the market. Clients, providers and personnel will now not aid a corporation that is involved in fraudulent, dishonest or unethical practices. placing excessive requirements of integrity in business relations and promoting their adherence by using personnel will allow the corporation to advantage the self-belief and support of its customers and the general public at massive.

Ethics is the moral behavior that courses our movements; it motivates us in our private behavior and is relevant in a commercial enterprise placing as properly. Many corporations have set forth a hard and fast of suggestions called a ‘Code of Ethics’.

The Hippocratic Oath states and emphasizes from the “do no damage” in the direction of sufferers. The oath is a statement that all medical practitioners quote that they may offer, make contributions, and observe the protection systems in region to guard and decrease the danger posed by using adverse fitness situations. The oath also calls for the training medical doctor to protect the lives of most of the people, through sickness prevention. The Hippocratic Oath requires for a new specialist to swear by various Greek gods to maintain certain moral ethics. The oath is one of the earliest binding documents in history and is the original expression of scientific ethics in the Western world. In today’s world it is of principal significance because the oath has founded numerous notions of scientific ethics. A substantial amount of thoroughness and training is needed in order to provide the finest medical services for patients.

Engineering ethics is the field of system of moral values that applies to engineering. It studies and creates the duties required by engineers to society and their clients. The APETT strives to achieve a professional ethics system by addressing certain criteria such as responsibility, accountability, social mindedness, trustworthiness and incorruptibility.

The Code states that the engineer must be responsible. They need to always be conscious, that their first responsibility is to shield public safety, fitness and welfare. The engineer must be responsible and should present clearly to their client or employers the consequences to be expected if their professional judgment is over-ruled by non-technical authority in matters pertaining to work for which he/she is professional (APETT Code of Ethics).

The Code of Ethics states that he/she shall sign and/or seal only those plans specifications and reports actually prepared by them under their direct professional supervision. It also states that the engineer shall undertake only such work as he/she is competent to perform by virtue of his/her training and experience. This makes the engineer accountable for any calamities that may arise and encourages them to be vigilant and truthful towards their work.

The engineer should also be social-minded in their profession. They should conduct their selves towards other professional engineers with courtesy, fairness and good faith. The code also addresses the necessity of trustworthiness that the engineer must possess. This can be seen in numbers one, seven and eight of the code. The engineer owes certain duties to the public, to his/her employers, to other members of his/her profession and to himself/herself and shall act at all times with fidelity to public needs, fairness and loyalty to his/her associates, employers, clients, subordinates and employees, and devotion to high ideals of personal honor and professional integrity.

They shall act for his/her client or employer as a faithful agent or trustee and shall not disclose confidential information pertaining to the interests of his/her client or employers without their consent. The code also implies that engineers should not be liable to corruptibility, this can be seen in the code where it states, that they shall not be associated with enterprises conflicting with the public interest or backed by persons of questionable integrity, or who does not obey the basic principles of the Code. It also infers that they shall not accept payments for services rendered other than from his/her client or employer.

Both the Hippocratic Oath and the Engineering Code of Ethics have been used as the norm for professionals to ensure that their verdicts consider certain values and morals and that they conduct themselves ethically. Both the Hippocratic Oath and the Engineering Code of Ethics emphasize the importance of the skills and duties of personals with regards to the safety and health of people.

Preamble

As an Ophthalmologist, you are considered to be a medical practitioner. A medical practitioner is an individual who is of great significance to society due to their ability of aiding others to live a more healthier life. As an individual who is part of such a noble profession, there are areas of your practice that will require you to follow ethical principles.

Competency

“Competence involves technical ability, cognitive knowledge, and ethical concerns for the patient. (AAO)” An Ophthalmologist must;

• Not fabricate or tamper with their qualifications, as this may be lead to their discreditation and/or legal consequences.
• Acknowledge any impairment or disability that they possess and how that may affect their ability to practice.
• Practice in their area(s) of expertise, or atleast under a qualified assistant, if under any form of training (AAO).

Affiliations

It is important for an Ophthalmologist to understand and acknowledge the implications of any form of relationship in their practice. An Ophthalmologist should:

• Not practice with the intent of economic gain for an individual or institution of any sort. (AAO).
• Disclose any sort of ‘conflict of interest’ associated with their practice. An Ophthalmologist must acknowledge the manner in which their professional judgement of a patient’s health can be construed (AAO).
• Be accurate and truthful with any professional discourse done with fellow colleagues.

Patient Care

As a professional health care practitioner, an Ophthalmologist must understand that their first obligation is to the best interests of a patient’s health. An Ophthalmologist:

• Must not discriminate against a patient due to their identity
• Must make sure to obtain the written consent of a patient before any course of action is taken when regarding the treatment of the patient (ICO).
• Ensure that the privacy and confidentiality of a patient is maintained (ICO).
• Must be prompt in their response when addressing the needs of a patient that has been critically injured (ICO).
• Be faithful and accurate when disclosing information about a patient’s health to the patient or their company.
• Should not unnecessarily recommend procedures that will be of no benefit to the patient’s wellbeing. An Ophthalmologist should in fact attempt to minimize the cost of a patient’s care while considering the best interest of the patient (ICO).

Social Standards

An Ophthalmologist caters to the eye health needs of a patient and is thus an important aspect to society as a health care practitioner. In order to be socially responsible, an Ophthalmologist Should:

• Not portray themselves as a unique provider of healthcare who distinguishes themselves from other Ophthalmologists.
• Not provide a patient with any misleading information through omission when addressing their health (ICO).
• Exploiting a patient’s anxieties in order to unfairly benefit themselves (ICO).

Works Cited

1. AAO. “Code of Ethics.” American Academy of Ophthalmology, 17 May 2016, https://www.aao.org/ethics-detail/code-of-ethics#ethicsA3.
2. ICO. “Ethical Guidelines for Ophthalmologists: Ethical Principles and Professional Standards.” International Council of Opthalmologists, 9 July 2014. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=5&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjRpau5v77lAhWbKDQIHRymDAQQFjAEegQIARAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icoph.org%2Fdownloads%2Ficoethicalcode.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2ldJyreHp8M6bCrHhxh5WE

As an engineer, there are a variety of products you could be designing or manufacturing. Above all, though, an engineer’s job is focused around safety- safety of those making the product, as well as those using it. Depending on the type of engineering you are doing, the work can and will look different from say, a design engineer for a medical device vs. a civil engineer making a bridge. However, engineering ethics will be executed in both of these hypothetical roles to ensure everyone involveds’ safety. A good code of ethics is important within a company, and in a person because it displays they care about their work and the effects that their actions have on others. Defining a person or company’s set values is a way to show transparency and set a foundation for expectations that people can hold you accountable for.

In this class, we went over the ASME Code of Ethics, who’s 2nd criteria specified the importance of engineers only performing services “in their area of expertise”. I believe this is an important topic of engineering ethics because it is critical that a person be self-aware of their own abilities and weaknesses and have the ability to turn down a task or ask for assistance when they are not capable of providing high quality work in that area. If, for example, I was given a task that proved to be way out of the realm of my qualifications, I would be expected to react accordingly to prevent risking the safety of others.

In one’s career, I’m sure that everyone has made some sort of mistake at work. In engineering, workers are held to a high standard to deliver results in a safe manner, which can be especially intimidating to fess up when you’re responsible for a design flaw or inaccuracy in calculations. The basis of ethics is to be honest and with integrity, so it is expected that no matter the cost, engineers acknowledge their mistakes and provide solutions that don’t jeopardize the safety or integrity of the profession. Most companies have some sort of a quality department, or something similar, to ensure and enforce the standard of the engineers’ work and make sure that everything is up to a certain code. When issues and problems do arise, though, it is better that you catch and acknowledge your own mistake, rather than wait for someone else to identify the problem down the road.

Another main point of ethics in engineering is the ability to identify when someone else is making inappropriate choices. The first step is being able to recognize those situations when they come across them and having the ability to fulfill their ethical duty to report unprofessional behavior. The hardest part about this, though, is to know when to “draw the line” and know at what point, action needs to be taken. Usually, when the problem is related to the safety of a product, or those using it, the answer should be immediately.

Apart from solely engineering, ethics is important in every workplace and everyone’s’ day-to-day lives. Displaying poor judgement is especially off-putting to an employer or fellow colleagues who rely on you, as people tend to remember a person’s inability to make appropriate decisions. ME 300 taught that the best way to avoid making unethical decisions is to make a list of things they will never do, as a way to recognize when you’re heading towards making poor choices. In the workplace, it is essential to be open and honest with stakeholders and employees about the advancement of the company because people respect leaders who display transparency. A manager has a large influence on the culture that they set forth; For example, management that shows actions of poor judgement and malpractice is much more likely to be disrespected and stood up against. This completely defeats the purpose of those in authority because employees generally refuse to be directed by people they can’t trust.

I plan to adhere to the ASME Code of Ethics throughout my career, as it is an important basis for showing integrity to my profession. As an engineer, I will carefully think over my decisions and constantly question if my actions are affecting the safety of others. I recognize that an engineer’s judgement has to be very well-trusted to do the work expected of us. My ‘list’ of things I will never do contains actions like disclosing confidential information, discriminating against people in the workplace and disrespecting intellectual property of others. Avoiding unethical mistakes like these will overall help me to be an honorable profession and hopefully communicate to others that I can be seen as a role model.

Engineering ethic is the set of rules and guidelines that engineers adhere as a moral obligation to their profession and to the world. It is closely related to subjects such as the philosophy of science, the philosophy of engineering, and the ethics of technology as a scholarly discipline. In definition, professional ethics are the accepted code of conducts or rules and regulations that govern a professional body. Engineering ethics are vital to the profession as they define what engineers should and should not do according to the moral of the society. Engineering ethics are rules and regulations that refers to the morals or the notion of wrong and right according to humanity. These ethics are mainly meant to protect the integrity of engineering work and therefore consider the interests of investors, public or stakeholders.

There are several issues involved with the misconduct of engineers and mostly are related to public. The usage of substandard material and equipment compromises people’s safety. Even though most engineering fields are closely related, some differences determine the competence of resultant professions. Engineering ethics must always be upheld since failure to comply to them can greatly compromise the quality of the service. For example, if we are a biomedical engineer that is working with an artificial kidney. We need to decide whether to test the artificial kidney on human or not when there is clinical trial phase. The consequences will be fatal, if the device fail but we could save thousands of people life if it is succeeding. We can use the steps of problem solving in engineering ethics to help us to make the best decision. The steps are state the problem, get the facts, identify and defend competing moral viewpoint, come up with a course of action and qualify the course of action.

I will have my own obligations and responsibilities to deal with such circumstances as based on the question that I am asked if we are under Abdul Rahman’s situation. Note that typically declarations of obligations define what actions are necessary or forbidden in reference to the consequences of the statute. But, sometimes phrases such as “engineers have a duty to ensure public safety in their work”, implying that engineers are legally obliged to ensure public safety but in defining what activities they will or cannot not. A legal duty is a constitutional provision that defines what kinds of acts are allowed, forbidden or necessary for legal purposes. If we think about a duty without defining its existence, we mean a moral obligation. The rational and forward-looking sense of obligation is the context in which it is one’s duty in any matter to produce or maintain a positive outcome. The theory is that one is tasked with achieving or sustaining this result, and required to have appropriate expertise and skills, as well as make a diligent effort.

Abdul Rahman is as engineer working in the quality control department at a computer chip plant. Abdul Rahman’s subordinate generally to identifies defective production rate in manufactured chips at a rate of 1 in 150, David who is Abdul Rahman’s superior, recently announced that defective chips are to be destroyed because it is more expensive to repair a defective chip than it is to make a new chip. Abdul Rahman proceeds based on David’s instructions. A few months later, David informs Abdul Rahman that his quality control staff is rejecting too many chips, which is influencing overall plant output and ultimately company profitability. David advises Abdul Rahman’s staff to allow a higher percentage of chips to pass through quality control. David notes that in the end, these issues can be best handled under the company’s warranty policy under which the company agrees to replace defective chips based upon customer complaints. Based on the situations, it seems like David was not trying to comply to the specifications of quality control. He was satisfying the work that did not fulfill the requirements of the engineering design and specifications as he mentioned that he wanted to allow a higher percentage of chips to pass through quality regardless of some defective chips.

According to Board of Engineers of Malaysia, Circular No.001, Code of Conduct of Registered Person, Section 2.2.1, it states that a registered professional engineer shall certify satisfactory completion of a piece of work only if he has control over the supervision of the construction or installation of that work, and only if he is satisfied that the construction or installation has fulfilled the requirements of the engineering design and specifications. Other than that, David was also trying to avoid taking liability and responsibility as he said that at the end, these issues will be best handled under company’s warranty policy under which the company agrees to replace defective chips base upon customer complaints. In Section 2.2.2, a registered professional engineer who takes over a piece of work shall assume all liability and responsibility for the works done prior to his taking over. So, David has violated the Code of conduct because he did not want to take responsibility on his incompliance. Abdul Rahman objected to David’s practice and refused to go along, and as a result he was transferred to another department and was replaced with incompetence new staff, Halid. Halid is a person that follow all David’s instruction without considering rules, regulations and specification. At Section 3.2.3, a registered graduate engineer shall bring to the attention of the engineer or employer at the earliest possible opportunity of any instance where the work or materials used are not in compliance with the specifications, drawings or conditions of contract. Halid violates the Code because he is incompetence and did not do anything regarding his superior David’s incompliance. He should have reported or bring to the attention of employer at the earliest possible opportunity of any instance where the work used are not in compliance with the specifications. The BEM code can at best distinguish between what is legal and what is not and may be regarded as the baseline or minimum level of ethics that ought to be maintained all the rules in the Code except two consist of clear cut ‘Dos and Don’ts’.

These rules concern what an engineer shall or shall not do in the course of his employment or private practice and are extremely clear cut. We can clearly see that codes of ethics state the moral responsibilities of engineers as seen by the profession and as represented by a professional society because they express the profession’s collective commitment to ethics. Codes are important in stressing engineer’s responsibilities and also the freedom to exercise them. The essential roles of codes of ethics are serving and protecting the public, providing guidance, offering inspiration, establishing shared standards, contributing to education, deterring wrongdoing and strengthening a profession’s image.

The Core Principles of Law Enforcement Ethics

Law Enforcement Oath of Honor: On my honor, I will never betray my badge, my integrity, my character, or the public trust. I will always have the courage to hold myself and others accountable for our actions I will always uphold the Constitution, my community, and the agency I serve. -International Association of Chiefs of Police. 2008 The IACP code or other codes of ethics for law enforcement have at least four major themes. The principle of justice or fairness is the single most dominant theme in the law enforcement code more recently, the IACP has endorsed the Oath of Honor, which is shortened version of the Code of Ethics. The law enforcement code of ethics has four major themes: (1) fairness, (2) service, (3) importance of the law, and (4) personal conduct.

Four Pillars of Law Enforcement Ethics: Fairness, Service, Law Importance, and Personal Conduct

Let’s start with fairness, this is the single most important theme in the law enforcement code. Police officers must uphold the law regardless of the offender’s identity. They must not use their authority and power to take advantage either for personal profit or professional goals. Second is service, police officers exist to serve the community, and their role appropriately and essentially concerns this idea. Public service involves checking on the elderly, helping victims, and in the community serve as a model. Taking a broad approach to serving the community by helping deal with problems such as broken street lights and dilapidated buildings. Thirdly they uphold the importance of the law. Police are not just concerned with lawbreakers, but also their own behavior must be totally within the bounds set for them by the law. In investigations, capture, and collecting evidence, their conduct must conform to dictate the law. Lastly is personal conduct.

Police at all times must uphold a standard of behavior consistent with their public position. This involves a higher standard of behavior in their professional and personal lives than that expected from the general public. “Conduct unbecoming” is one of the most often cited discipline infractions and can include everything from committing a crime to having an affair or being drunk in public. The idea, of our justice system, is that it is fair and unbiased and through the application of due process arrives at the truth before finding guilt and assuming punishment. The reality is that the law is made by humans with errors and misconduct resulting in innocent people being convicted, incarcerated, and sometimes executed. Reasons for misconduct could range from being greedy, lazy, and ignorant may be a start to understanding why they do what they do.

Confronting Corruption: Challenges within Law Enforcement

Let’s take a look at some examples of corruption within law enforcement departments. (Note: A police officer is corrupt when he or she is acting under his or her official capacity and receives a benefit or something of value (other than their paychecks) for doing something or for refraining from doing something.) Have you ever heard of the novel Serpico, written by Peter Maas, and the movie starring Al Pacino, which were great successes? Serpico tells the true tale of an honest NYPD plainclothes officer, Frank Serpico, who roams the police department and city government in an attempt to report corruption in his division in the Bronx. Serpico tells his supervisors, his commanders, the chief of personnel, an assistant to the mayor, and the city’s department of investigation his tale, and nothing is done; corruption remains rampant. Finally, frustrated in his efforts, Serpico and a friend, Sergeant David Durk report their allegations to a reporter for the New York Times. This leads to the formation of the Knapp Commission and widespread changes in the NYPD’s policies and procedures initiated by Commissioner Patrick V. Murphy, who was appointed soon after all the allegations were made. Don’t be fooled, corruption is everywhere. It’s even closer than one might think.

My last example of corruption happened in 2005. After Hurricane Katrina, there were allegations that New Orleans police officers participated in the large-scale looting spree that overtook the city. New reports indicated officers were at the scene of some of the heaviest looting in the city and some witnesses stated that officers were taking items from the shelves of a Walmart. Though this allegation reportedly involved fewer than 20 officers, more than 200 officers abandoned the city during the hurricane and were fired or suspended. Additionally in 2011, a federal jury convicted five New Orleans police officers of various roles in gunning down civilians during the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina and then covering it up.

Five others pleaded guilty in what came to be called the Danziger Bridges Case. Corruption is not limited to the rank of police officers. In 2001, a city manager in Miami was charged with taking almost $70,000.00 from a youth anti-crime group while serving as police chief during the 1990s. He was on the charity’s board of directors for many years. He served a year in prison, was ordered to repay the money, and lost his police pension. Why is there so much corruption within police departments? According to Walker and Katz, there are several explanations for corruption.

1. Individual officers explain that the blame for corruption is placed on the “rotten apple” in the department. (This is the most convenient explanation for the agency, but not widely accepted because hiring has improved and because some departments seem to experience more corruption than others do.)
2. The nature of police work takes place with officers working alone or in pairs, and with or without supervision and the conditions of work often cause the officer to become cynical. Constant exposure to wrongdoing can lead the officer to believe that everyone is doing it.
3. The police organization flourishes in departments in which the organizational culture tolerates it and the departmental integrity and expectations of being disciplined for certain acts are low.
4. The police subculture’s emphasis on loyalty and group solidarity can lead to lying and cover-ups.

The effects of police corruption are evident within the community when citizens will not help the police if they do not trust the police. Citizens must feel that they will be treated fairly and with respect. Morale within the department will suffer from misconduct, as officers may feel they are “painted with the same wide brush”. Officers may find their work or personal lives made more difficult or complicated in an inappropriate manner due to an incident involving someone else. Just one or two incidents of corruption can ruin a department’s reputation and destroy the trust the community has in the department. It’s really easy to sit back and point out what’s wrong with our local enforcement. The problem comes in when we want to find a solution to the problem of corruption. Local police officers are just the bottom of the corruption ring. This ring runs all the way to judges and the juries. Really any and all things that deal with law enforcement.

Addressing Corruption and Ethical Dilemmas in Policing

To start with, I think it’s very easy for someone to cross the line when dealing with ethical issues. Policemen and other lower-level lawmen are paid very poorly, and as my grandparents used to say, you get what you pay for. Maybe instead of paying the judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and other high-ranking officials, they can pass some type of raise to our men and women in blue. If you really sit back and look at it, the lower-level law enforcement personnel are not paid much considering they are away from their families for birthdays, anniversaries, holidays, and all other important dates that may come up. I suppose what I am saying is give a man a break, you don’t want them to break the law by taking handouts or bribes, then pay them a little more.

Sweeten up the pot. See where I come from, everyone knows just about everyone. Living in such a small place allows everyone to see the effects of police corruption, and a lot of residents refuse to help the local police because about half of our force is corrupt or related to the accused. For example, the house across the street from mine is owned by an old man and his wife, whose child lives with them along with his girlfriend. Here a few weeks ago, I have seen the young man (Dakota) and his girlfriend who looked like they were used as a punching bag. (I suppose their back on drugs and got into some type of scuffle.) Now, understand both my husband and myself have reported the strange vehicles that go to the house across from ours.

Conclusion and Call for Community Engagement

The end ones like brand new Corvettes, Cadillacs, etc. We have advised our local enforcement (repeatedly) about how these vehicles pull up to the house, look around before exiting their still-running vehicles, walk up the front porch, ring the doorbell, the door opens, an arm comes out of the house, and then back in, then back out again handing the visitor something, then the visitor exits the porch, goes back to their vehicle and drives off. We have reported this suspicious activity, along with our neighbors, but nothing is ever done. Where does this information go? Is it falling on deaf ears? For the next week we will see a few extra patrols in our neighborhood, then poof they’re gone and the cycle starts over again. This pattern of ignorance has gone on far too long. Clearly, no one cares about this little town. Maybe our whole police department is corrupt or maybe the detectives are in on it. Who knows? I suppose it’s easy to turn the other cheek when it’s not your neighborhood (or town). I’ve also noticed some of our town’s officers, come from other surrounding towns. Maybe they’re corrupt, receiving payoffs and allowing drugs to run rapidly through that particular town, and when the Feds start looking into the town’s records, they run to the next town. What’s the remedy, going from town to town, sheriff’s department to sheriff’s department is not working for me. It’s time we as citizens stand up and voice our opinions. After all, our chief of police is voted in, let’s get him out. Then open an internal investigation, and dig deeper than what’s on the surface. The only solution to this problem is the public, after all, we vote them in and we can vote them out. Sometimes the solution is so clear but we just refuse to see it. You swore to protect and serve the community, where are you?

References

1. Dempsey, J. and Forst, L. (2014). An Introduction to Policing. Police Ethics and Police Deviance. Pages 226-258.
2. Peterson, F. (2019). Legal Consequences of Unethical Behavior. Retrieved from: www.mcrazlaw.com/legal-consequences-of-unethical-behavior
3. Roufa, T. (2019). Ethics in Law Enforcement and Policing. Retrieved from: https://www.honestpolice.org/editoral-2/ethics-in-law-enforcement-and-policing
4. US Department of Justice Civil Rights Division. (2019). Addressing Police Misconduct Laws Enforced By The Department of Justice. Retrieved from: www.justice.gov>Home>Civil Rights Division