Category: Carbon Dioxide

The modern world faced the problem of global warming which is considered to be the growth of Earth’s average temperature within oceans and air. It is necessary to underline the fact that this climate change has started to develop since the 20th century and is still in a progressive state of continuation. The true causes of the greenhouse effect are still open to discussion; it should be stressed that there are some debates among the scientists arguing whether human activities or natural processes are the reasons for the global warming threat. By Climate Change Intergovernmental Panel, human activities are the central causes for the increase of greenhouse gas through the burning of fossil fuel, and deforestation. Nevertheless, according to some sources, the real effects of the natural changes are produced by the nature itself through some gases releases. So, the paper will investigate the key supporting argument as to the causes for global warming spreading based on natural and human processes analysis.

Following contemporary scientific analysis, the true causes for global warming are considered to be contradictory enough; it is necessary to underline the fact that human activities produce the most vivid effects on the changes in natural processes. The ecosystem, consisting of several living organisms, is under the threat of harmful influence produced through numerous human activities in a modern industrialized era. Climatologists state, that the beginning of global warming can be referred to as the nineteenth century, though in that period the problem was not considerably stressed in the society. They managed to investigate that human activities contributed to the enhancement of the greenhouse effect. It is necessary to underline the fact that the greenhouse effect impacts the Earth’s surface warming through several complex processes, such as gases, sunlight, and atmosphere practices (Horner, 2007).

The analysis of global warming effects should be based on the fossil fuels burning covering oil, coal, and natural gas; this human activity involves the land clearing introducing and causing some changes in the natural processes. The burning is the result of automobiles’ effects, as well as electric power plants and factories providing energy for office buildings and houses. Carbon dioxide, created as a result of fossil fuel burning, has the chemical formula of a greenhouse effect CO2, slowing the heat escape into space. The plants sponge CO2 from the air in the process of photosynthesis, as it is necessary for their food production. Speaking about land clearing, it is necessary to underline the fact it influences the CO2 buildup through reduction of the gas rate at which it is completely removed from the atmosphere, or through dead vegetation decomposition (Langdon, 2003).

It should be noted that scientists argued as to greenhouse gases increase providing no clear differences in the temperature fluctuations; according to their theory, global warming may be the result of natural processes. To explain this fact they highlighted the impact of the sun’s emitted energy (Global Warming Causes. 2005).

Nevertheless, pollution is recognized as one of the principal causes of global warming; it is necessary to underline the fact that environmental pollution, as well as air one, produces negative effects on nature’s health. The concentration of greenhouse gases in the air appeared to be the result of modern industrialization and technological progress. According to the report by Schweiger, being the president of the National Wildlife Federation, the problem of global warming is a sharp threat to the modern environment, ‘It is our future that is now uncertain. It is past time to act and solve global warming with the urgency and determination with which Americans have successfully confronted other threats to our security and wildlife.’ (Schweiger, 2007) the problem of land use as the basic human threat to nature can be expressed through the following reasons:

Nowadays a lot of agricultural practices have been introduced for animals’ breeding, cereals growing, as well as vegetables and fruits for human consumption; these practices develop the basic greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide and methane;

Land clearance for human activities expansion;

Tropical deforestation covering the firing of forests leading to the release of pollutants, for example, carbon dioxide (Houghton, 2004).

Speaking about natural causes of global warming in more detail, it is necessary to underline the idea that solar output changes lead to climate transformations and instability; according to scientific researches, the change in output even by 1% can become the cause for rapid alterations in the average temperature. Besides, it should be stressed that the changes in the Earth’s orbit characteristics around the sun and also, Earth’s axis tilt, can lead to the alteration of solar energy total amount received by the planet. As a result, the temperature changes as well. To understand the causes for the problem spreading it is necessary to underline the most important and influential anthropogenic greenhouse gases developed in nature and harming the environment; they are the following: methane (CO4), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and fluorocarbons (HFC). One of the most central gases is considered to be carbon dioxide; methane and nitrous oxide are referred to as the less harmful gases. Taking into account the calculations demonstrated by the scientists, the potential threat of the gases influence on the global warming development will be increased within the next one hundred years, disclosing the following figures:

Methane – about 20%;

Carbon Dioxide – 73%;

Nitrous Oxide – 9%.

Despite the danger of gases impact outlined by the scientists, it is necessary to stress that not all greenhouse air pollutants provide a negative effect on global warming directly. It was proved that in the air they are transformed into other actual gases; thus, CO, carbon monoxide, can be changed into CO2, carbon dioxide, and produce an indirect contribution to climate warming. Besides, there are several precursor gases, being referred to as non-greenhouse gases; they are the following: nitrogen oxides, NOx, carbon monoxide, CO, and VOC, that is volatile organic compounds (Major Findings of climate change. 2006).

The neutralization of the global warming causes and consequences have been analyzed through the analysis of possible ways and methods aimed at global warming emissions reduction. So, the examination of the problem causes demonstrated the most profound impact of carbon dioxide on the development and spreading of the greenhouse effect. It is necessary to stress that the ways of the problem solution are closely connected with the lifestyle of the modern generation. By governmental considerations, the average footprint of carbon reaches about 42000 pounds annually. This figure is predominantly based on the setting and way of life; the first step in the problem solution is connected with switching to green power. It should be stressed that the production of conventional energy leads to air pollution. Per US Energy Department, green power kilowatt requires less than one pound of CO2. It is necessary to underline the fact that green electricity generated from solar energy, wind, and water is much better for the environment (Maslin, 2007).

The second step in the problem solution is based on insulation and sealing of duct system; the scientists explain that this measure influences the reduction of CO2, as well as costs spent for cooling and heating (Global Warming Solutions. 2008).

Then, fuel-efficient car driving can influence the reduction of hazardous gas in the air; this step will reduce the costs by 8000 pounds annually. Besides, it is necessary to replace the old water heater with the new efficient one. It is necessary to stress that heating water uses about 13% of typical energy, and the replacement can lead to CO2 reduction and more than 3000 pounds every year (Schneider, 1990).

People are to be concentrated on the heating temperature controlling; it was found out that the thermostat lowering will result in the energy cutting by 3%, which is very important for environmental protection. Scientists managed to identify the impact of air conditioners on the irrational usage of energy. Thus, they underlined the necessity to change it with the energy-efficient one, which will help to reduce CO2 emissions. It should be stressed that central air conditioning used in every house influences the affection of the released energy on greenhouse effect development. The usage of the new rational technology will help to save about 2000 pounds annually (Pringle, 2001).

The amount of CO2 is closely connected with fuel consumption without taking into account the vehicle; certainly, fuel economy is reached through the usage of sport-utility vehicles or compact family sedans. The fuel waste can be reduced by 33%; a 6% reduction can be reached through the appropriate usage of recommended motor oil.

It is necessary to underline the idea that technological development is an integral part of C2 release as well; so, Consumer Reports found out that letting the computer system sleep will economize the energy released and reduced more than 576 pounds of CO2 every year.

The final step of the global warming solution is connected with refrigerator and washing machine efficient energy release. To benefit the environment one is to use Energy Star qualified technologies reducing the emissions of CO2 by 25%. The purchase of the most efficient model can contribute to the growth of annual savings in energy release.

The paper managed to investigate the seriousness of the global warming problem, as well as its causes and possible solutions. One is to outline the principle idea of the research lies in the disclosure not only of human activities harm, but natural processes’ impact on greenhouse effect through the release of hazardous things in the atmosphere.

The paper managed to outline the key methods of neutralizing the problem based on human lifestyle change. People are to concentrate on the problem’s seriousness and its effects; the basic goal of humanity is to protect the environment we live in through policies and investments into economizing and rationality. The modern generation living in the period of industrialization is to be aware of global warming consequences and take measures to tackle the problem.

General Electric Company is a mega-company that seeks to expand its business and gain a larger share of the market. The issues of global warming due to the emission of carbon dioxide threaten the company’s lucrative business of selling steam engines that use coals and petroleum products because environmentalists advised the United States government to limit carbon dioxide emission (Kennedy, 2007, p. 9). The General Electric Company is at crossroads on whether to satisfy its economic growth and customers’ needs or comply with the environmentalists in the production of environmentally friendly products. Since the priority of the company is to make economic sense in all its investments, the company leaders can design both environmentally friendly and unfriendly products to satisfy their customers and attain huge profits for the company to grow. The customers will have a range of products to choose from to satisfy their needs. It will be upon the customers to decide on the kind of products they need depending on sanctions imposed by their respective governments.

What is your opinion of the ethics of GE leadership, which is engaging in environmentally friendly activities while at the same time selling environmentally unfriendly products?

The leadership of the General Electric Company does not perceive the issue of global warming as a moral issue since it has political and economic aspects in it. The chairperson of the company, Jeffrey Immelt argues that solution to the climate change needs political intervention and environmental conservation projects must have an economic sense for effective implementation. According to Thomas, “business is and will be driven by revenues and profits … if Green did not hit the bottom line; it would not be easily embraced by business today or tomorrow” (2007, p.11). Since the company aims at making profits and the issue of global warming needs political and economic solutions, then the company does not believe in ethical solutions regarding climate change. Ethically, the company has no definite principles since it engages in the selling of environmentally unfriendly products and ironically advocates for the production and use of environmentally friendly products.

How should Immelt deal with GE managers who do not agree with his concern about reducing CO2 emissions?

Some managers in the General Electric Company are opposing the efforts of Jeffrey Immelt to reduce carbon dioxide emissions because they do not believe that the emissions cause global warming. Since Jeffrey Immelt believes that carbon dioxide emissions cause global warming, he has vowed to transform the company into a corporate leader in addressing the issue of global warming. As a chairperson, Jeffrey Immelt should call for a general meeting to make resolutions that are binding to all managers and allay fears that limiting carbon dioxide emissions would severely hurt the company. The issue of opposition should be amicably addressed, as Jeffrey Immelt does not differ significantly with the opposing managers because they all believe that environmental conservation efforts should make economic sense, global warming is not a moral issue, and that the economic flow of the company should be constant. Since his beliefs relate to those of other managers who are objecting to his bid to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, he does not need to penalize them for they all advocate for the common interests of the company.

Although the company seems to show high levels of social responsibility by seeking to become a corporate leader in addressing the issue of global warming and developing and certifying environmentally friendly products, it does all these contributions for the sake of the company’s benefits. Therefore, the level of social responsibility depicted by the company is ironically very low since it does not understand global warming as a moral issue that calls for a moral solution. The executive team holds that the issue of global warming needs political and economic solutions that make economic sense. Therefore, environmental solutions that favor the growth of the company rather than social responsibility drive the decisions and policies of the company.

Fermentation refers to a metabolic process which consist of glycolysis plus reactions that regenerate NAD+ by transferring electrons from NADH to pyruvate. Organic molecules are converted into acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen or any electron chain (Biology Dictionary, 2019). Fermentation occurs among specific types of bacteria and fungi that are obligate anaerobes, which are organisms that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, and to some can be toxic if it does not have a protective system in the cell. There are many types of fermentation, the type of fermentation used in this experiment was alcohol fermentation or also known as ethanol fermentation which is a type of anaerobic respiration that includes glycolysis followed by conversion. Of pyruvic acid (CK-12 Foundation, 2019). In this process, NADH donates its electrons to a derivative of pyruvate, producing ethanol. To break it down, there is a two-step process. The very first step a carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released in as carbon dioxide, making two-carbon molecule called acetaldehyde. The following step is NADH passed its electrons to acetaldehyde that regenerate to NAD+ and forming ethanol. (Khan academy).

In this experiment, alcohol fermentation was used to determine the following question, which energy drink (Monster, Monster Rehab Tea, Sugar Free Monster, Red Bull, and Rockstar.) would produce 5 ml of CO2 in under 45 minutes. In the original hypothesis the energy drink that would produce 5 ml of carbon dioxide the fastest would be Monster being that it contains a significant amount of sugar (54 grams).

The experiment was conducted by ** FIX WORDING*** by mixing together yeast solution along with a total of 200ml of warm water and 10 grams of yeast to a total of 14 tet tubes, after each test tube had the mixture by using a pipette, 15 ml of the energy drinks were placed twice into each test tube. The different types of energy drinks were Monster, Rockstar, Monster Rehab Tea, Red Bull, Sugar Free Red Bull, Sugar Free Monster. As the 15 ml of test tubes containing the energy drinks along with 5 ml of yeast were mixed. As for a control group, 20 ml of Red Bull was added to a test tube. As 45 minutes have proceeded for the chance of each energy drink to reach 5ml of co2 we recorded the results and then repeated the experiment for all drinks.

As illustrated on the graph, almost all of the energy drinks did not seem to ferment any carbon dioxide, the only drink that fermented carbon dioxide was Red Bull, although it did not reach the original 5 ml mark, it did reach 4ml which is a significant amount in comparison the other energy drinks.

The purpose of this experiment was to determine which energy drink would ferment the quickest because of the amount of sucrose that each drink contains of. Initially, the original hypothesis was that the energy drink Monster would ferment the quickest because of the drink containing more sucrose (54 grams). As the results illustrated, the hypothesis was falsified because Monster did not produce any carbon dioxide in fact, the only one energy drink that produced any carbon dioxide was Red Bull and it reached below the expected level of 5ml, the amount of carbon dioxide produced was 4ml.

There can be various reasonings as to why the experiment turned out the way it did and possible reasonings could be temperament in the drinks, such as if one was previously opened or if any step within the experiments could have gone wrong.

Energy drinks can be sweetened with a significant amount of sugar, sucrose is commonly found in many energy drinks like Monster, Red Bull, Rockstar, etc. Sucrose being a disaccharide, which is made up of two sugars, glucose and fructose are likely to produce more CO2 wad to determine the amount which of the energy drinks would ferment quickest, the initial hypothesis was that the energy drink Monster would be an initial candidate for the fastest fermentation being that it contains a significant amount of sugar.

Similar experiments done to relate and support the findings of this experiment was done by, Stephanie Lamot that found sucrose produced more CO2 at a faster rate.

Global warming is experienced when the earth’s surface heats up and this causes the average temperature of the earth to rise, the temperature of the atmosphere and the oceans also rise. The sea level also rises with the increase in temperature of the globe and this affects the weather patterns and can cause unusual weather events such as drought, heavy rainfall events, etc. Man is responsible for globalization and in return globalization causes very severe harm to humans, plants, and also animals. Dr. Trisha Macnair states, “Car emissions contain various substances that are toxic that have caused a severe effect on human health such as bronchitis, asthma, blood pressure, heart attack and such kinds of diseases that are lacking effective treatments in the world today.

How are car emissions affecting global warming?

This paper examines the concept of global warming with a focal point on the emissions of gases by cars and other automobiles. Cars burn fossil fuel and emit CO2. In America for example smaller cars and pickups count for half of the greenhouse gases emitted in the globe. In the United States, cars use fuel that has a higher content of carbon and they also face lower fuel economy standards than those in other countries. Numerous studies have also linked carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline to global warming.

Reducing car emissions, which include new cars, new communities, and new fuels. There are several terms associated with global warming like air pollution costs, tailpipe emissions, and lifecycle emissions. Air pollution cost implies to the automobile atmospheric noxious wastes injuries such as human health, ecological, and esthetic degradation. Tailpipe emissions are chemicals emitted directly from vehicle exhaust pipes and lifecycle emissions include both tailpipe emissions and indirect emissions during the process of fuel extraction and in the refineries, as well as vehicle production facilities, and building of facilities for the logistical purpose.

Mobile emissions are believed to be more difficult to control than other emission sources like power generation plants and industries, because there are many of them, and can cause more harm or destruction costs because cars are used closely by the people. Hence, health effects are likely to be felt by climate change. Motor vehicles emit a range of dangerous discharges in the air. Car emissions pollute the air by producing dangerous gases which include: “sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, benzene, formaldehyde, polycyclic hydrocarbons, lead, and tiny suspended particles,” which are very harmful to human health (Macnair). Some of the effects of these pollutants are felt locally, therefore, when these gases are released into the atmosphere, it affects the locals, as well as the people populating neighboring regions. “According to a report by Environmental Defense, U.S. automobile industry and light vehicles are responsible for almost half of all the greenhouse gases emitted by automobiles worldwide” (Wilson). Surprisingly, small cars emit more carbon dioxide compared with other types of vehicles such as buses and trucks in the US according to the Environmental Defense report, in 2004; small cars emitted the highest percentage of carbon dioxide. The amount is larger because more small cars are on the road which has lower fuel standards. The study concludes that the big three manufacturers, “General Motors, Ford and DaimlerChrysler, Toyota ranked the fourth produce the most emissions” (Wilson). It’s hard to believe but it’s true that “nearly-one third of the emissions come from vehicles made by the GM” (Wilson).

“Respiratory disease is known to be aggravated by car fumes” (Macnair). A Dutch study conducted on children aged seven to eleven years concluded that as the air pollution increased so did the respiratory disorders. Lung disorders increased in older Dutch residents due to the exposure to exhaust emissions. Air pollutants like “benzene, nitrogen dioxide, and small particles affect the immune systems and can cause changes ranging from overactive immune response to immune suppression” (Macnair). Despite the widely publicized impacts of gas emissions on the climate, some institutions still believe that the available facts are not conclusive. For example, the center for the study of carbon dioxide and Global changes argues that there is a weak short-term correlation between carbon dioxide and temperatures which proves nothing about the cause of global warming. They speak mostly for factories that reap from the increased production of CO2. The group also believes that Carbon Dioxide is useful as a powerful aerial fertilizer this directly enhances the growth of almost all terrestrial plants and many aquatic plants). The biosphere is also boomed by the elevated levels of “atmospheric CO2 and since CO2 enhances plant growth, increases plant water use efficiency, and greater food production for both people and animal” (www.co2science.org).

The singer also visualizes carbon dioxide as a benefit that helps in the growth of agricultural crops and other plants. S. Fred Singer a professor at Virginia States University and president of science and Environmental Project Policy states that “America should not reduce its use of Fossil Fuels.” He argues that Kyoto Protocol, the international treaty to reduce carbon emissions, “would be economically costly to the United States.” The treaty would not significantly impact the global temperature because “it would reduce the calculated temperature rise by 0.05 degree Celsius at the most, which can hardly be measured” (Singer). Although Americans believe that the air is deteriorating, Balaker and stately believe that “the air is getting much cleaner.” Air quality has been getting better over time because of the “more stringent regulations and better technology as a result of driving more and getting cleaner air” (Balaker & Stately). The study has shown that “since 1970 the total vehicle miles have increased up to 155 percent, yet the EPA reports a dramatic decrease in every major pollutant it measures” (Balaker and Stately). However, he claims that mild global warming would be good for the economy as plants tend to thrive better in warmer weather conditions, and also animals also have a higher like hood of surviving in warmer conditions than in cold environments.

It would be important we look at the measures to reduce global warming caused by these cars emissions. First, there needs to be a reduction in driving, there needs to be less driving which means fewer emissions. Walking and bicycle riding are ways of exercising. Individuals’ identification and knowing their community mass transit systems, and selecting alternatives such as carpooling to work. Citizens need to ensure that the tires are well inflated to ensure the car is operating on optimal. Cars users also need to purchase energy-efficient cars and car products. This means inculcating the behavior of buying cars and home appliances that use energy effectively is very important. Awareness creation must be made to ensure citizens shun away from materials that have been packaged using excess materials and avoid the use of plastics that cannot be recycled.

Lately, hybrid cars have been gaining popularity. “Hybrid car is not only fuel-efficient but its emissions are much lower than conventional cars” (Haber). Hybrid cars when stopped “automatically uses electrical power and once the car begins to accelerate, it reverts to using the fuel engine” (Haber). “Hybrid emissions can be reduced from 25% to 90% compared to conventional cars” (Haber). Hybrid cars are introduced with a green-designed which has many other features other than fuel efficiency which include “improved aerodynamic, lower body weight, and smaller, lighter, and less powerful gas engines” (Haber). Hybrid cars are specially designed for city traffic in order to reduce gas emissions which affect global warming. “What a great way to help save the environment and improve our overall quality of life” (Haber).

In conclusion, to minimize some of the lasting impacts of global warming due to car emissions, countries, societies, and citizens should work together. It is definite that car emissions are hazardous to the health of both man, animals, and plants, however, there is a solution to this problem. Singer states that “the Kyoto Protocol would be economically costly for the United States and would not significantly reduce global warming.”But still, the overall impact on human health is very terrifying as the studies have shown. Taming global warming or greenhouse gases on the road is a collective responsibility. Each and every citizen all over the globe can aid to lessen the need for fossil fuels, eventually curbing global warming, by using alternative sources of energy that are less hazardous to the environment.

Now a days the major issue of the world is the enhanced greenhouse effect . The greenhouse effect is increased due to increased concentration of GHG’s emissions . In GHG the most powerful gas the co2 is released from the burning of fossil fuel like coal . The coal is burned and at a very high level the concentartion of co2 is added to atmosphere which is producing severe disorders in human like respiratory diseases and increased heart rate leading to cardiac issues . Morever disturbing climate system which is disturbing human health .

At present, there is continuous discussion on climate change and the emission of green house gases specially co2 that have high power of ultra violet radiations that are leading to extreme effects on humans and their environment.This takes all the attentions of many global studies,publications and articles.Green house gases seems to be the main effecting force of climate change. Carbon dioxide is very lethal if its concentration increases to very high amount said by the united states environmental protection agency (USEPA 2016).The green house gas carbon dioxide is mostly emitted by power plants accounting 380billion tons of total GHG emissions (Thind et al.2013).If the amount of carbon dioxide increases in such rate,it will displace oxygen from atmosphere, it will contribute to toxicity (Rice et al.2004). The increase in concentration of carbon dioxide will lead to allergies and for every 1degree rise in temperature that is caused by carbon dioxide.As the temperature rises the chances of cancer majorily skin cancer increases by 20-30 percent (Kalaugher et al.2008).Moreover the exposure of the body to the very high concentration (short term or long term) may leads to the symptoms of axphyxication ,forstible,coma and kidney damage may occur (Thind et al.2013).. According to geological studies not only the anthropogenic activities, natural forces also contribute to the carbon dioxide but this contribution is less as compared to the anthropogenic activities. At present due to increased human activities the amount of the carbon dioxide in fresh air or ambient air is about 400 ppm (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center 2015).The bearable concentration of carbon dioxide or the surrounding area depends upon the exposure duration is 0.5to 3 percent (Shusterman et.al.1997). The atmosphere have naturally presnt carbon dioxide 0.3 to 0.006 percent. It is ver stable and non flammable compound ( Keeling et.al.1995).

A number of deaths reported due to high concentration of carbon dioxide based on occupational exposure (Scott et al.2009). Carbon dioxide is mostly considered as a waste product of blood which help to regulate the rate of breathing. If the concentration of carbon dioxide increases in blood or tissue PH which causes the effect on cardiovascular or respiratory disorder (Echenhoff et al.1995). High exposure to carbon dioxide disturbs the PH which in return causes Hyperventilation or Headache (OSHA 2012). If a person is exposed to 1-5 percent carbon dioxide for a short period of time it will lead to the symptoms of Dyspnea (shortness of breath), lung damage, alterations to urine systems, headache and visual impairment ( Guais et al.2011).

The long term effects of carbon dioxide includes the sign of breathing sustainted elevated compensation mechanism in the body of humans. Not only the metabolism mechanism but also the blood compensatory mechanism which include PH buffering system also affected by increased concentration of carbon dioxide (Jurnado et al.2014). The concentration of carbon dioxide at 1000 ppm for longer period of time causes the carbon dioxide associated diseases like Wheezing, Asthma, Rales ,Sneezing (Ferreira et al.2014).

The earth atmosphere has reached carbon dioxide level that causes the humans difficult to breathe easily . In the earlier pre-primate epochs, the increased concentration of carbon dioxide has been found to be the cause of mass extinction events (Knoll et.al.1996). .

The increased concentration of carbon dioxide at working time in coal burning power plant predicated increased mortality and lack of efficiency in individuals respiratory regulatory systems ( Brillanate, 2012). In humans the carbon dioxide plays a significant role in oxidative species (ROS) ( Ezraty et al. 2011). The disturbance in ROS will lead to atherosclerosis, chronic inflammation and Alzheimer disease.

Description of study area sahiwal coal power plant is a coal burning power plant which is located in the province of punjab. It is the only coal burning power plant in punjabs region . The installed capacity of coal burning power plant station is 320MW . Daily 5 trains consisting of 8 compartments bring coal for the plant. They burn the coal and produce electricity . When the coal is burned , the carbon dioxide concentration increases to a very high amount along with other green house Gases . The technique named as AMBORE is CO2-100is used . This is a instrument which is used to detect the concentration of a gas at a area . Ambore is a instrument with a self calibration capability of +- 300ppm +- 5 % reading . The concentration of carbon dioxide is checked at working hour and non working hour . At working time ,when the coal is burning the exhaust is emitted into atmosphere through chimneys , the amount increased to 1000ppm . Moreover another device or instrument called as infrared sensor also used to check the concentration of carbon dioxide at coal power plant . As carbon dioxide increases at the area , temprature also increases because it has more absorbing power of radiations than any other green house gas .

An infrared sensor is an electronic device that is used to sense certain characteristics of its surroundigs. It does it either by emitting or detecting infrared radiations. Infrared Sensors are also capable of measuring the heat being emitted by an object and detecting motion . Instant feed back with co2 level with additional temprature and humidity measurement . Built in alarm warns against dangerous co2 levels .

By using two instruments ambore and infrared sensors , the amount of co2 that is released per day due to burning of coal in sahiwal coal power plant is 500ppm/day. This per day addition of co2 to surrounding area of sahiwal is causing severe impacts on workers of the plant or people surrounding the station .

Co2 is the major green house gas that is released due to combustion of the coal burning power plant .As carbon dioxide has the most absorbing power than other gases that is why the temprature of green house sahiwal power station and its surrounding area is much more as compared to other area . The carbon dioxide emitting from the chimneys of sahiwal power station is directly affecting the people causing in them the major disorders like suffocation , increased heart rate and respiratory disorders.

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