Category: Biology

Instructions: Microsoft Paper
1. You are to find a plant product that we use eve

Instructions: Microsoft Paper
1. You are to find a plant product that we use every day.
Do some research and address the following:
A. From what plant does your product come? Include the common and scientific name (properly formatted).
B. What is the product? What does it do? How do we extract it from the plant? Describe in detail.
C. What is the primary use: medicinal, ceremonial, etc.?
D. Are there commercial fields for the plant? Where?
E. Are there any substitutes for your product? If there is no information, feel free to take an educated guess, and support it.
F. What is the most fascinating thing you learned about your product?

– Word limit – 2000 words
– For 2000 word essay, 30-60 citations are needed (the

– Word limit – 2000 words
– For 2000 word essay, 30-60 citations are needed (therefore, 15-20 sources (primary data sources that were published within the last 7 years) I assume?)
– include illustrations/figures/images/tables from referenced sources or design new figures/tables (each should have a legend)
DETAILED ESSAY INSTRUCTIONS ARE IN THE ATTACHED DOCUMENT (incl. suggested references as a starting point)
Suggested structure:
1. Abstract (very brief) – 50-100 words
2. Introduction (brief)
– Define the topic and say what you understand
– What are the main issues
– Outline the way/order in which you are going to discuss
3. Main text
– Divide into subjects to discuss: this is the part where you are addressing the essay questions
– Divide into sub-headings/sections
4. Conclusion (brief)
5. Bibliography (please do not forget this!) – not included in the word count
– Cite primary rather than review manuscriipts
– Focus on recent papers (published within last 7 years)
6. Illustrations
– Figures, figure legends and tables should be selected to enhance eand reinfornce the main topics and messages
– Cite the source of each illustration
– If you design and draw original figures/tables, please state this in the legend
Guidance on bibliography:
– Conduct a comprehensive literature review
– Read recent reviews
– Search for original articles
– Keep track of publications to include in your essay
– Cite primary/original studies that were published in the last 7 years
– For a 2000 word article, please consider including 30-60 citations (note: I’m not sure about how many references are needed, but I think that 15-20 should be enough)
Suggested topics to include in your essay:
1. Introduction: The clinical challenge of melanoma
– Melanoma epidemiology, available treatments/approaches
– Immune responses in melanoma
– Introduce the central theme of the essay, what target molecules are used therapy
– Why are targets expressed on the cancer cell surface may be good for the development of therapies?
– Introduce CSPG4.
2. CSPG4 in health: Structure, normal expression in tissues/cells, functions
3. CSPG4 in melanoma
– Reported pro-tumour functions, especially in melanoma
– Immunogenicity, may trigger immune responses in melanoma
4. Therapeutic approaches
– Mimotope vaccines/anti-idiotypic antibodies
– CAR T-cell (400 words)
– Antibody-drug conjugate
– Monoclonal IgG antibodies
5. Discussion/Conclusion:
– What does the future hold for these therapies?
– How could these therapies help patients and how will they fit with existing drugs in the clinic?
– What are the areas requiring further understanding/research, clinical testing?
– Summarise the take home messages
Suggested references as starting point:
1. Combining CSPG4-CAR and CD20-CCR for treatment of metastatic melanoma. Teppert K, Winter N, Herbel V, Brandes C, Lennartz S, Engert F, Kaiser A, Schaser T, Lock D. Front Immunol. 2023 Oct 11;14:1178060. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1178060.
2. Targeting the melanoma-associated antigen CSPG4 with HLA-C*07:01-restricted T-cell receptors. Kropp KN, Fatho M, Huduti E, Faust M, Lübcke S, Lennerz V, Paschen A, Theobald M, Wölfel T, Wölfel C. Front Immunol. 2023 Oct 2;14:1245559. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1245559.
3. Bispecific antibodies redirect synthetic agonistic receptor modified T cells against melanoma. Märkl F, Benmebarek MR, Keyl J, Cadilha BL, Geiger M, Karches C, Obeck H, Schwerdtfeger M, Michaelides S, Briukhovetska D, Stock S, Jobst J, Müller PJ, Majed L, Seifert M, Klüver AK, Lorenzini T, Grünmeier R, Thomas M, Gottschlich A, Klaus R, Marr C, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Rothenfusser S, Levesque MP, Heppt MV, Endres S, Klein C, Kobold S. J Immunother Cancer. 2023 May;11(5):e006436.
4. Anti-cancer pro-inflammatory effects of an IgE antibody targeting the melanoma-associated antigen chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4. Chauhan J, Grandits M, Palhares LCGF, Mele S, Nakamura M, López-Abente J, Crescioli S, Laddach R, Romero-Clavijo P, Cheung A, Stavraka C, Chenoweth AM, Sow HS, Chiaruttini G, Gilbert AE, Dodev T, Koers A, Pellizzari G, Ilieva KM, Man F, Ali N, Hobbs C, Lombardi S, Lionarons DA, Gould HJ, Beavil AJ, Geh JLC, MacKenzie Ross AD, Healy C, Calonje E, Downward J, Nestle FO, Tsoka S, Josephs DH, Blower PJ, Karagiannis P, Lacy KE, Spicer J, Karagiannis SN, Bax HJ. Nat Commun. 2023 Apr 25;14(1):2192. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37811-3.
5. Proteomic profile of melanoma cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in patients’ plasma: a potential correlate of melanoma progression. Pietrowska M, Zebrowska A, Gawin M, Marczak L, Sharma P, Mondal S, Mika J, Polańska J, Ferrone S, Kirkwood JM, Widlak P, Whiteside TL. J Extracell Vesicles. 2021 Feb;10(4):e12063. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12063.
6. A Novel Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) Delivering a DNA Mono-Alkylating Payload to Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan (CSPG4)- Expressing Melanoma. Hoffmann RM, Crescioli S, Mele S, Sachouli E, Cheung A, Chui CK, Andriollo P, Jackson PJM, Lacy KE, Spicer JF, Thurston DE, Karagiannis SN. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Apr 22;12(4):1029. doi: 10.3390/cancers12041029.
7. Clinical-Scale Production of CAR-T Cells for the Treatment of Melanoma Patients by mRNA Transfection of a CSPG4-Specific CAR under Full GMP Compliance. Wiesinger M, März J, Kummer M, Schuler G, Dörrie J, Schuler-Thurner B, Schaft N. Cancers (Basel). 2019 Aug 16;11(8):1198. doi: 10.3390/cancers11081198.
8. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 enhanced melanoma motility and growth requires a cysteine in the core protein transmembrane domain. Yang J, Price MA, Wanshura LEC, He J, Yi M, Welch DR, Li G, Conner S, Sachs J, Turley EA, McCarthy JB. Melanoma Res. 2019 Aug;29(4):365-375. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000574.
The essay is designed to:
– Reinforce and extend the topics we cover in class
– Strengthen your understanding of the subject
– Extend your knowledge outside the class lecture boundaries
– Provide up-to-date data and developments on a topic that is receiving attention in the literature
– Get you to critically read and critically think about what you read in the literature
– Put forward a complete evidence-based narrative within the constrains of word limits and time (what to include or not include)
The essay must:
– Address the questions
– Describe: identify the main features of some thing or some process
– Discuss: present a logical argument about …
– Be focused: what disease? Which cells/drugs? What does this mean for patient outcomes/treatment?
– Be proportional: what will be the main subject of the essay? This is where the emphasis should be
Gather your material/evidence from literature
– Start by conductig a literature search
– Read 3-4 review articles on the subject
– Read recent studies
– Gather primary research evidence and categorise the part of the essay each would be discussed
– Keep a record of the sources you used so that you can find them again, and also to include in your bibliography
– Benchmarking: read similar articles; see how authors compose manuscriipts
How do I do it?
– Form an outline of your essay with relevant sub-sections
– Always include a short summary/abstract
– Compartmentalize your essay (introduction, main text subject sections, conclusion)
– Keep track of publications you read
– Provide a thoughtful conclusion
– Don’t forget the bibliography in the end
– Include illustrations – figures and tables
How to get a good mark? Content, diligence, depth
1. Story: narrative that tells a story
– Provide good structure, arguments based on paragraphs
– Flowing narrative, each paragraph leads to the next
2. Depth:
– Independent reading/appraising literature
– Don’t just state facts; quality statements, provide evidence-based thoughts, state implications
– Discuss future work and directions (e.g. where is this research going next?)
– It’s important to indicate independent/critical thinking
3. Be concise:
– Work to the set word limit (2000 words)
4. Proportion:
– Keep sections in proportion
– Address all aspects of the question
– The main text should contain the majority of the word count
5. Presentation:
– Please take meticulous care on presentation: e.g. spelling, grammar, consistency, formatting, presentation
– Consistent citation and bibliography
6. Extra appeal:
– Include illustrations: figures, images, tables
– Design new figures/tables

The hypothesis is different levels of soil porosity will impact the abundance of

The hypothesis is different levels of soil porosity will impact the abundance of dandelion in a lawn. Prediction: Compact soil (less porosity) will exhibit a higher abundance of dandelions than the control group with typical to high.
I will send you primary literature to use to finish this paper. The chosen location to study is one of the gardens within the University of Manitoba, Located along the University college lecture building. This specific garden has the GPS coordinates 49.813° (latitude) and -97.1311°. The approximate size is 0.247105 acres or 1000m² . About a distance of 125m from the Red River. It has a flat topography with slightly elevated area (gentle slopes) . The vegetation is a lawn/grassland with some deciduous and coniferous trees. Notices animals such as groundhogs, squirrels, and insects.
I visited and made my first observation 15:20, 08/08/2023; Summer. I have field data that I collect from the location I choose.

Final Paper
• One paper based on a seminar topic of your choice. It should incl

Final Paper
• One paper based on a seminar topic of your choice. It should include a summary of the high points of the seminar, integrated into a broader discussion of the significance of the work based on your literature search. The discussion should contain additional information on the same topic written by other researchers.
• you must use quotations.
•At least five pertinent literature references (primary sources) are required; they must be properly listed in a “List of Literature” (bibliography) and must be cited in your paper. Appropriate references are from refereed journals or sites. Items such as Wikipedia or magazine articles are not acceptable.
• Grammatical and/or spelling errors will be taken into consideration during grading, so carefully proof read your paper.

Please write a paper regarding the notes for this lecture.

The first attachment is the interactive assignment you need to do and answer the

The first attachment is the interactive assignment you need to do and answer the questions in the end. The second attachment is an article you need to read and you have to write 500 words about it. 250 of the words should be a summary and 250 of the words should be your evaluation of the work.

Create a thread with your responses to the prompts above. Your post must be at l

Create a thread with your responses to the prompts above. Your post must be at least 600 words long, not counting any references. Use as many references as appropriate to indicate what sources you are drawing upon in order to substantiate your answers. I am expecting you to use a minimum of 2 references for this post. Cite your references professionally. You can use a citation machine to help you do this. Here’s a link to one: https://www.scribbr.com/apa-citation-generator/ In addition, comment on at least 2 threads posted by your classmates. Your comments should be substantial (at least 50 words long) and must include the following: a compliment, an observation on the substance of the post you are commenting on, and a question.

You must look carefully at the 8 PowerPoints I’m sending you, they will be very

You must look carefully at the 8 PowerPoints I’m sending you, they will be very helpful for you to be able to do this PRACTICE better!

he YouTube video “Plastids | Chloroplast, Chromoplast & Leucoplast | Video 12,”

he YouTube video “Plastids | Chloroplast, Chromoplast & Leucoplast | Video 12,” the speaker discusses the significance of different plastids, with a focus on chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and their roles in plants. Chloroplasts are responsible for producing chlorophyll for photosynthesis, which is essential for plant growth. Inside chloroplasts, there’s a double-membrane-bound protein called ATP synthase, generating ATP and powering various plant functions. Carotenoids are also mentioned as they give color to some fruits and aid in animal nutrition. This section serves as a useful reminder of the importance of photosynthesis and its key players like pigments, while encouraging subscriber engagement and relationship-building
00:00:00 In this section of the video, the topic is about the different types of plastids in plants, specifically focusing on chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and leucoplasts. The speaker explains that subscribers are prepared to learn about how these plastids are ready and why they are essential for plants. While discussing chloroplasts, the speaker mentions that their primary function is to produce chlorophyll for photosynthesis, which is why they are called chloroplasts. Inside these chloroplasts, a pigment called chlorophyll is present, which gives the plants their green color. This color is noticeable as the plants travel toward the stalk. The speaker then goes on to describe a round green pool called the intermembrane space, which is home to a double-membrane-bound protein called ATP synthase. This protein is responsible for generating ATP, which is crucial for various plant functions. Additionally, the video explains that carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose during photosynthesis with the help of this process. Furthermore, the speaker mentions that understanding the function of chloroplasts can help us grasp the concept of photosynthesis. Another important point to note is that every plant cell contains about 210 chloroplasts. The speaker then discusses other types of plastids like chromoplasts, which give plants their color and are responsible for pigment synthesis. In summary, the speaker provides an overview of the role and significance of different plastids, particularly chloroplasts, in plants. They discuss the presence of chlorophyll and ATP synthase, the roles of these components in photosynthesis, and the importance of understanding these processes for plant growth and development
00:05:00 In this section of the video titled “Plastids | Chloroplast, Chromoplast & Leucoplast | Video 12,” the topic of carotenoids in plants, specifically their role in fruits and subscribers’ subscriptions, is discussed. Carotenoids are responsible for the vibrant colors in some fruits, and therefore, animals consume these fruits along with their seeds, enabling digestion but not turning those seeds into digestible forms. President Meganad and Yuvaraj described that different types of makers are using their own maliks, and those who are subscribing are encouraged to ask questions. If protein starts, it’s crucial to remember the process of photosynthesis in plants, where pigments like chlorophyll and carotenoids play a role. A question from a subscriber regarding the presence of gran and grand seeds in a photo is addressed towards the end, with the channel encouraging viewers to subscribe to their channel

Please answer all questions attached. The unit study guide has one word answer f

Please answer all questions attached. The unit study guide has one word answer fill in the blank, matching, and multiple choice. Unit 9 is fill in the blank, multiple choir, or matching. Answers should be less than 850 worlds.

Create a 12-14 slides PowerPoint characterizing an endangered species of your ch

Create a 12-14 slides PowerPoint characterizing an endangered species of your choice (please, talk to the rest of the team, so no species get repeated). Use visuals, and don’t overwhelm the slides with too much text; just the minimum needed to show the information. Paraphrase your sources; don’t copy-paste from the internet. Use proper English and correct scientific terms: be neat. Upload your project in the Dropbox assigned; there will be no presentation in class.
Required Content: 1. Which is the species’ binomial scientific name?
2. Chosen specie’s main taxonomic classification including genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain
3. Geographic distribution of chosen species: Is the selected species endemic to a specific region? Which? Submit Assignment
4. What is the trophic classification of the chosen species? (Whether autotroph or heterotroph)
5. How does the chosen species reproduce?
6. Describe the chosen species’ habitat, niche, and main diet.
7. Describe the types of inter-specie relations in which the chosen species participates (commensalism, mutualism, parasitism, predation, competition, etc.)
8. Which factors affected this species, leading to being classified as “endangered”?
9. Show a graph or data showing the trend in the number of individuals that may exist today compared to the past 10-50 years (or any past reference available)
10. Are there specific efforts done to preserve or restore this species? Explain. Are there any results so far?
To select your topic, you may use the following online resources: Catalog of life https://www.catalogueoflife.org/ The Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/ The World Wildlife Species Directory https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/director y?direction=desc&sort=extinction status