Category: Belgium

Belgium is a country found in the North Western Europe, where It borders with France, Germany, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. It has a surface area of 11,849 square miles. The estimated population is 11.54 million in 2019. Belgium is ranked as one of the safest and peaceful country. However, like all the other countries facing environmental crisis, Belgium is facing serious air pollution issue. The country’s role as a European traffic crossroads has left vehicular traffic at a high level, exacerbating carbon emissions. Environmental quality is below the OECD average and the country’s two main cities, Antwerp and Brussels, are among cities in the OECD suffering most from air pollution. As in other Belgian urban areas, there are multiple sources of pollution, but the largest contributors are heavy industry, activities around the harbor in Antwerp and extremely dense road congestion in urban areas. Belgium is also among the 50 nations that emit the highest levels of carbon dioxide from industrial sources. Belgium’s problems with air pollution have also affected neighboring countries by contributing to the conditions which cause acid rain.

Although there are many environmental problems faced by Belgium, Belgium is also taking stance for the issues. Belgium has signed the Paris Agreement on 22nd April 2016. The purpose of the agreement is to fight back against climate change and to stop temperature from rising to 3.6-degree Fahrenheit above the pre industrial level. Belgium signed the agreement and made a pact to reduce greenhouse emissions and uses to green energy sources by 2020 the goal is to keep temperature under 2.7-degree Fahrenheit. Along with this, Belgium is preparing a National Energy and Climate plan for the period 2021-2030 and would be submitting it at the end of 2019 to the European Commission. Belgium is also a member of European Environment Bureau supporting sustainable development and environmental justice, dealing with issues like climate change, biodiversity, pollution and renewable energy. Along with this, Belgium has a full membership in AIRCLIM, Carbon Market Watch, CEEweb for Biodiversity, J&E etc.

The Kyoto Protocol was signed and ratified by Belgium respectively in April 1998 and in May 2002. Belgium is committed to a specific greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. Belgium has met the commitments under the Kyoto Protocol’s first commitment period (2008-2012), reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 7.5% compared to 1990 levels. Belgium is implying the Aarhus Convention as a role of better governance, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters was adopted on 25 June 1998. It entered into force on 30 October 2001. The Aarhus Convention is created to empower the role of citizens and civil society organizations in environmental matters and is founded on the principles of participative democracy. Hence, Belgium is working its way through to find, imply and adapt to possible solutions against climate change and is for environmental justice.

References

1. http://www.egmontinstitute.be/content/uploads/2013/09/ep18.pdf?type=pdf
2. https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Belgium-ENVIRONMENT.html#ixzz63uFSyNCJ
3. https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Belgium-ENVIRONMENT.html#ixzz63uFBje8u
4. https://www.sgi-network.org/2017/Belgium/Environmental_Policies
5. https://aarhus.osce.org/about/aarhus-convention
6. https://www.belgium.be/en/environment/the_aarhus_conventionfbclid=IwAR16_KCx5t5TA_0aBcfb9VfMxywpLofm1qetV1yw0DJayX_BI255DN3DZjE

This essay is dedicated to Brexit’s theme, namely the exit of Belgium from the European Union. In my opinion, Belgium should not leave the European Union, because this will greatly affect people. In my work, I am going to present several arguments in favor of my position.

The first thing we have to think about is that Belgium owes a debt to the European Union. We are talking about 103.1% of the public debt as a percentage of the gross domestic product. If Belgium wants to go through Brexit, they first need to return this amount of money. After that, we will have to pay a kind of ‘bill’ for leaving the EU, which will be the amount of money that the EU has invested in Belgium, for example: industry, agriculture, etc. If we add all this amount together, we will have to pay a bill for more than billions of euros. This money, of course, will come from the taxes that people pay, and they will be higher than before.

In Europe workers from one country can go and work in another country for a long period or just temporary. There is a law in the EU that states: “The right to live and work in another member state of the EU is one of the EU’s fundamental freedoms, but there are some rules regarding to the terms and conditions of employment for citizens from a number of more recent EU member states”. However, after Brexit people won’t be able to find jobs that easily outside of Belgium. They will also pay a lot of money while traveling due to documents, visas, security checks, etc. It will be a big fee for trucks that deliver goods from one country to another.

Some people are for Brexit, they will use an independent Belgium as an argument. But most people forget that our economy, food, etc. depend on other countries. Our imports are 67% dependent on EU countries, for example, the Netherlands – 16%, Germany 12- %, France – 9%. Our output is almost 75% dependent of the EU counties. If not for the EU, we would be a completely different country.

In conclusion, if we left the EU, our country would become poorer, our economy would fall, we would have difficulties with food imports, food prices would rise. That is why I am strongly against Brexit and our country’s exit from the European Union.

This essay is dedicated to Brexit’s theme, namely the exit of Belgium from the European Union. In my opinion, Belgium should not leave the European Union, because this will greatly affect people. In my work, I am going to present several arguments in favor of my position.

The first thing we have to think about is that Belgium owes a debt to the European Union. We are talking about 103.1% of the public debt as a percentage of the gross domestic product. If Belgium wants to go through Brexit, they first need to return this amount of money. After that, we will have to pay a kind of ‘bill’ for leaving the EU, which will be the amount of money that the EU has invested in Belgium, for example: industry, agriculture, etc. If we add all this amount together, we will have to pay a bill for more than billions of euros. This money, of course, will come from the taxes that people pay, and they will be higher than before.

In Europe workers from one country can go and work in another country for a long period or just temporary. There is a law in the EU that states: “The right to live and work in another member state of the EU is one of the EU’s fundamental freedoms, but there are some rules regarding to the terms and conditions of employment for citizens from a number of more recent EU member states”. However, after Brexit people won’t be able to find jobs that easily outside of Belgium. They will also pay a lot of money while traveling due to documents, visas, security checks, etc. It will be a big fee for trucks that deliver goods from one country to another.

Some people are for Brexit, they will use an independent Belgium as an argument. But most people forget that our economy, food, etc. depend on other countries. Our imports are 67% dependent on EU countries, for example, the Netherlands – 16%, Germany 12- %, France – 9%. Our output is almost 75% dependent of the EU counties. If not for the EU, we would be a completely different country.

In conclusion, if we left the EU, our country would become poorer, our economy would fall, we would have difficulties with food imports, food prices would rise. That is why I am strongly against Brexit and our country’s exit from the European Union.

According to Wikipedia, the arms trade is defined as “global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology”. Recorded to have happened since the 16th century, the global transfer of weapons undoubtedly has brought many profits for the mass arms-producing nations’ economic as well as strengthened the means of self-defense of a country. However, due to lux control over the arms market, making thousand types of firearms went missing or into wrong hands such as the extremist and terrorist, the trading of conventional weapons now partly results in armed conflicts, leading to many cases of human rights abuses and heavy casualties.

The Belgium government has come out with many approaches to tackle with the current situation. First of all, in spite of being an arms exporter, Belgium is considered as a pioneering role in the development of measure for strengthen and improve the control on firearms. When the Arms Trade Treaty is approved by the General Assembly of the UN and opened for signature on 2 April 2013, it was immediately signed by Belgium and ratified by our country in 3 June 2014. Moreover, awarding of the threat posed by landmines, Belgium, in March 1995, became the first country to have a complete ban on production, use and export of anti-personnel mines and is currently the only country to do so. Our country remains active in this fight and looks forwards to their disappearance by 2025. Also, Belgium was the first country to recognize the binding nature of the EU code of conduct on arms exports. According to the 2018 rapport of Small Arms Trade Transparency Barometer, “Belgium ranks among the top 10 most transparent exporters of small arms”. To battle against illicit trade on weapons, Belgian parliament has adopted lots of policies. One of this is the Weapons Act of 2006, which makes the acquisition of firearms become more stricter with several criteria and improves the registration and traceability of firearms. However, the combating of illicit arms trade in Belgium did not become a real nation policy priority until the announcement of the Weapons Action Plan of 2012 focusing on the fight against illicit firearms trafficking and possession, comprising respectively a legislative, operational and judicial approach.

Through the aforementioned information, it is undeniable that the world, in general, and Belgium, in particular, have tried the best to addressed this problem effectively, but it still seems not enough. Taking all the obvious factors leading to the crises, there are some possible suggestions that should include, but not limited to: more strict control should be made on black markets relating to munition, munitions and other types of weapons; states must carry out rigorous risk assessments against human rights criteria before authorizing any arms transfer or military assistance; supervision is carried out often to understand the purpose of anyone who legally possession of firearms; calling upon a efficiently management in arms trafficking; propagandizing to raise awareness of the adverse consequences of weapons; proving aids for military-affected areas; calling upon effective government to gain trust from people; supplying fund and expertise to combat social aftermath of the illegal arms trade; improving means of exchange information.