Category: Amelia Earhart

The definition of perseverance persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. Perseverance. For most, it means the ability for an individual to persevere, or to do something despite the hardships, struggles, and sacrifices. For me, it’s something a little more.

Let me go back to August 20th, 2016, a date that I soon won’t forget. I was in middle school playing my first-ever varsity football game under the lights. It has been my dream for practically as long as I can remember. I remember a distinct feeling in the air, something that often can’t be described. It’s the combined feeling of anxiousness, excitement, rage, and dare I say apprehensiveness. This game is what I’ve been working toward since the first day I stepped on the field for the first time. It’s why I went through all the trials and tribulations leading up to the season. It was for this very game that I sacrificed my precious remaining summer days. This was the big leagues.

The game starts and all my preconceived misconceptions about what it’s like to play melt away. It was like I expected, only better. By the third play, I strike the wide receiver with all my might and he falls to the ground. I’m ecstatic, but something felt strange. I’ve gotten injured before but somehow this felt different. I reluctantly march off the field with the pride of my recent tackle, adrenaline pumping and all. I see the trainer, manage to take off my shoulder pads and the worst pain of my life hits me. I look down and my collar bone is broken, part of it trying to escape from my skin. Reality sets in, my head is spinning. Through of series of several doctors, hospitals and pharmacies I get word that my collar bone is indeed broken. I legitimately thought I’d never see the field again.

This was one of the lowest points in my life. To me, this injury set me apart from who I once was, a football player, to some kid with a broken leg.

For instance, the movie brave the charter Merida faces a lot of obstacles and challenges to get rid of a curse. Her mom wanted Merida to be a princess but she doesn’t want to be a princess. Merida gets so fed up that she runs into a witch hut and she creates a spell pastry to give to Elinor. After she eats it, she becomes a hideous beast and Merida must save her mother from staying like this beast forever. All Merida wanted was to be free and have her Mother stop being so controlling

Her defiance of an age-old tradition angers the Highland lords and leads to chaos in the kingdom. Merida seeks help from an eccentric witch, who grants her an ill-fated wish. Now, Merida must discover the true meaning of courage and undo a beastly curse before it’s too late.so after she finds a way to change her mother back with a few challenges and using her good archery skills she finds away and she and her mother life go back to normal and happy life so she had the courage and it gave her perseverance, her goal was to change her mother back to normal.

For another fact, Their selflessness and bravery are what make them a hero but their leadership and valor are what makes them an ideal hero. Amelia Earhart is the most famous female pilot. Her goal was to be the first to fly around the world but with about 17,000 miles left, she disappeared and was never found again. Amelia Earhart’s courage, perseverance, and strength define her as a hero. Some people know her name but many don’t know who Earhart is or where she is from. Earhart was born in Atchison, Kansas on July 24, 1897. Weighing a fat 9 lbs., she came into this world screaming around midnight. Edwin and Amy Earhart were the new proud parents to an Amelia Mary Earhart. Named after both of her grandmothers, she was not the only child to be born to Edwin and Amy. Amelia’s sister, Muriel, was born two and a half years later. While growing up, Amelia Earhart had many hardships. Amelia Earhart demonstrated heroism time and time again. A trait that defines Amelia Earhart as a hero is her perseverance. When deciding that she wants to learn how to fly or when trying to get her pilot’s license, she never gave up. She was only the 16th woman to get her pilot’s license since it was not common for women to become pilots … The death of Amelia Earhart is a mystery. The only thing that lives on is her legacy. Amelia Earhart taught the world many things but the overarching idea is the inspiration that no matter what gender, people can do anything if they set their mind to it. Some of the many traits of Amelia Earhart that show and prove her heroism are courage, perseverance, and strength.

The world changed forever by the booming entertainment in the 1920s. The radio was invented, large, Art Deco motion-picture houses were constructed, and women in aviation played a very big part in the freedom women have today (‘Science and Technology in the 1920s). It broke the barrier in women’s freedom and shaped today’s women. In the 1920s there were many inventions and those inventions changed the world forever introducing new ways to do things in the areas of entertainment, aviation, and ways of life.

Entertainment in the 1920s was booming for example the radio was invented. The first commercial radio station was started by Dr. Frank Conrad, an engineer in Pennsylvania, who was working on voice-transmitting equipment for the U.S. Navy (‘Radio Technology Booms in 1920s’). He started the radio operation in his garage and tested the navy’s equipment by communicating to the Westinghouse.To save his voice and his time he began playing phonograph records over the air. A department store heard about the broadcast music and placed an advertisement in the Pittsburgh Sun wanting to sell radio receivers to those who couldn’t make their own.Also with the radio FM was introduced. By 1929 Armstrong had successfully tested frequency modulation (FM), a new form of broadcasting that is still used today (‘Radio Technology Booms in 1920s’). That was the rise of the radio.

Entertainment in the twenties also involved tv/movies. Though it has roots in the first two decades of the twentieth century (‘Science and Technology in the 1920s). The modern motion picture is for the most is apart of the 1920s. During the 1920s large, Art Deco motion-picture houses were constructed (‘Science and Technology in the 1920s). By the mid 1920s movies had started coming out in color, and sound was added in the late 1920s.For 25 cent americans could escape their problems for a few hours. Before the sound was introduced they had to really pay close attention to what was happening in the movie.When sound was introduced this was something amazing.They didn’t really have to look into it as close as they had to.

Aviation was a very large part in women’s freedom and how it shaped today’s women. Back then women weren’t really expected to fly or really do work it was all on the men to do work while women sat at home and watched the children in conclusion a housewife is what women were but Some women just weren’t trying to live that lifestyle for example Amelia earheat was a dare devil when it came to flying June 18, 1928, Amelia Earhart, accompanying two male pilots.Amelia was the first woman ever to fly from solo across the atlantic ocean.Also she was the first person ever to fly solo from hawaii to the U.S mainland.Amelia earheart broke many barriers for women but it wasn’t just her many women like Endurance flier Evelyn ‘Bobbi’ Trout was known for flying by night–and living to tell the tale. Ruth Elder financed flying lessons with her beauty contest winnings (‘Women With Wings”). Vera Dawn Walker, banker’s daughter Neva Paris, test pilot’s wife Claire Mae Fahy, and more–took off from CloverField–now Santa Monica, California, Municipal Airport–on August 19, 1929, aiming to log the fewest air hours reaching Cleveland, Ohio. That nine-day journey killed one racer, made the survivors famous, and signaled American women’s full-fledged entry into aviation (‘Women With Wings”).Also the men had a big part in aviation Charles Lindbergh’s heroic 1927 trans-Atlantic solo flight legitimized flying as a skill, a source of celebrity, and a business proposition, attracting millions in investment and stoking public interest in flying as a means of travel and in fliers as a new category of star (‘Women With Wings”).This really set the bar charles lindinberg is most known for making his nonstop flight from New York to Paris.

Contributions to the 1920s were for example cars.During the 1920s the private car has become a fixture of everyday American life.By 1929 there were 23 million cars for about 122 million people(‘Science and Technology in the 1920s”) .Henry ford cars were booming back then and are still booming today.Cars set the bar for traveling and getting place to place cars back in the 1920s were a luxury.Also another contribution was washing machines no more having to handwash clothes which was a big help on women when it was time to start cleaning.the dryer was already invented so this was a big help no more having to do extra work.Another contribution was Vacuum tubes.During World War I, however, developments in vacuum tubes, devices similar to light bulbs and the ancestors of the modern transistors, allowed the sending and receiving of radio signals to become much more accurate and powerful (“Radio Technology Booms in 1920s’).

In summary, the 20s has made very important contributions to society today. The radio was invented, women’s aviation was a key factor in how women have freedom today, tv/movies made major improvements. Sound was introduced which was a big shift in the movie industry. What would have happened if sound was never introduced? What would have happened if women never would have stepped up to the plate to fly or stand out ?? Life would probably be dull and not as interesting and fun as it is today.These contributions to society back then have made a major impact on today’s time.

Works Cited

1. ‘Radio Technology Booms in 1920s.’ DISCovering U.S. History, Gale, 1997. Gale In Context: High School. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/BT2104240051/SUIC?u=ncowl&sid=SUIC&xid=811539f5. Accessed 19 Nov. 2019.
2. ‘Science and Technology in the 1920s.’ DISCovering U.S. History, Gale, 2003. Gale In Context: High School. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ2104240056/SUIC?u=ncowl&sid=SUIC&xid=7e1097cc. Accessed 19 Nov. 2019.
3. ‘Women With Wings: The 1929 Powder Puff Derby Showed Women Could Hold Their Own in the Air.’ American History, Dec. 2019, p. 44+. Gale General OneFile, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A600664507/ITOF?u=ncowl&sid=ITOF&xid=b68b7f09. Accessed 20 Nov. 2019.

Amelia Earhart was born in Atchison, KS on July 7th, 1897. She had always been into activities for both genders more than the usual, just for girls’ hobbies growing up. After her graduation, she was a nurse’s aid in Toronto during World War I. In 1920 she took her first plane ride with her dad; he was a pilot and navigator himself but also an alcoholic. After this ride, Amelia knew right away that she wanted to become a pilot herself.

Amelia took her first flying lesson in 1921, during her lessons she had some trouble learning. It took her about a year to become an independent pilot. 1928, she crossed the Atlantic Ocean via air. This was suggested by Frederick Noonan, whom she later got married to. Although this was not a solo event for her, she did receive an award, “Heroism or extraordinary achievement while participating in an aerial flight,” and fame when she returned. The following year, Amelia was a participant in the 1st Women’s Air Derby where she placed 3rd. Among setting many records in her pilot career like the first female to fly above 14,000 feet, she was also the first to fly from Hawaii to the US mainland and first to go on her own without stopping, across the US.

Amelia had told herself that she was going to be the first ever to cross the Pacific Ocean through air. Her husband, Fred volunteered to be a navigator for her trip. Also attending, Captain Harry Manning as a navigator and Co-pilot Paul Mantz. Harry was only going to stay on until they reached Australia and Mantz would leave when they got to Honolulu. On June 1, 1937 they headed out on their long, around the world journey. The first stop would be Honolulu, Hawaii for fueling. Amelia wrecked when trying to leave Honolulu and that left the aircraft needing repairs. They had the plane shipped back to California to have the repairs needed made. After this incident, Harry and Mantz made the decision not to tag along anymore, it would just be Amelia and Noonan now. The two headed out and stopped where needed for gas. They departed from Lae on July 2nd to head to the Howland Island. At the Island, there was a US coast guard cutter Itasca set up to help with landing. After leaving Lae, they lost connection with the Itasca. The last messages were that Amelia was lost, couldn’t see the ship while circling and she was low on gas. There are many myths or theories about what happened to the couple. No one knows what exactly happened or where Amelia even ended up at. President Roosevelt sent a search team out for two weeks but on July 19th, 1937, Amelia was known to be lost at sea.

One theory is that the plane ran out of fuel leaving Amelia crashing into the middle of the ocean. A Gardner Island Hypothesis is that Amelia go off course and landed 350 miles Southwest on Gardner Island. A week later, the Navy seen signs of someone recently living out here but no apparent evidence of an aircraft having landed. Since then, several trips have been made to this Island and they have found some evidence, plexiglass that looked like it could have been part of a window. A woman’s shoe that looked like it was from the 1930’s, improvised tools, a make up jar of some sort, and bones that appeared to be from a finger. Another theory is that the two could have become Spies for President Roosevelt and took on new identities before coming back to the US. The most talked myth is that Amelia was captured from the Japanese and executed because she was claimed of being on a mission to spy for the US.

I, Amelia Mary Earhart am an important person in history. I have broke boundaries between men and women and created equals between us. I believe “Women must try to do things as men have tried. When they fail, their failure must be but a challenge to others.” I also empowered women all around the world to do the same. I erased standards and was one of the first revolutionizers for women and the 19th Century. People, even in the 20th Century still know my name because of my accomplishments and hard work. Let me tell how I came to be and how I have grown.

I was born on July 24, 1897. I lived with my grandparents in Atcheson, Kansas, until I was 12. I spent my summers in Kansas City, Missouri, with my father who worked for the Rock Island Railroad. In 1909, my sister and I went to live with my parents in Des Moines, Iowa, where the railroad had moved my father. Meanwhile, my father was fighting a battle against alcoholism. His failure caused me a lifelong dislike of alcohol and want for financial security. My mom left Dad in Springfield in 1914, taking me and my sister with me to live with friends in Chicago, Illinois. During Christmas vacation, I went to Toronto to visit my sister where she was attending school. In Toronto, I saw my first amputee returning from World War. I refused to return to school but instead became a volunteer nurse. From Toronto, I went to live with my mother and sister in Northampton, Massachusetts, where my sister was attending Smith College. In the fall of 1919, I entered Columbia University but left after one year to join my parents, who had gotten back together and were living in Los Angeles, California.

In December 1920, I attended an air show in Long Beach, California. It was a brief plane ride, but that flight transformed my life. “By the time I had got two or three hundred feet off the ground, I knew I had to fly,” I said. Accomplishing a diversity of jobs including photographer and truck driver I managed to collect enough money for flying lessons. I had my first lesson on January 3, 1921, at Kinner Field near Long Beach. I was trained by pioneer female aviator Anita ‘Neta’ Snook. I engaged myself in mastering to fly. I read anything I could get on flying and spent most of my time at the airfield. Just six months after I started flying lessons, I bought I first plane. It was a brilliant yellow, a second-hand biplane that I named The Canary. “Flying may not be all plain sailing, but the fun of it is worth the price.”

Promoters sought a woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean, I was selected for the flight. On June 17, 1928, I departed Newfoundland Canada, as a passenger aboard a plane piloted by Wilmer Stultz and Louis Gordon. After landing at Wales, on June 18, I became a celebrity. I wrote about the flight in my book 20 Hrs. 40 Min. I and Palmer Putnam married in 1931. Determined to justify I could fly just as well by myself, I crossed the Atlantic alone on May 20–21, 1932. In addition to piloting, I was known for encouraging women to seek various opportunities, especially in the field of flying. In 1929 I helped found an organization of female pilots that later became known as the Ninety-Nines. I served as its first president. Also, I debuted a functional clothing line which was designed “for the woman who lives actively.” As I like to say “…now, and then, women should do for themselves what men have already done—occasionally what men have not done—thereby establishing themselves as persons, and perhaps

encouraging other women toward greater independence of thought and action. Some such consideration was a contributing reason for my wanting to do what I so much wanted to do.” In 1935, I made history with the first solo flight from Hawaii to California. I departed from Honolulu on January 11 and landed in Oakland the following day. I remember as I flew at night “The stars seemed near enough to touch and never before have I seen so many. I always believed the lure of flying is the lure of beauty, but I was sure of it that night.” Later that year I became the first person to fly solo from Los Angeles to Mexico City.

In 1937 I set out to fly around the world, with Fred Noonan as my navigator. June 1, we began our journey, departing from Miami. Over the following weeks, we made various refueling stops before reaching New Guinea on June 29. We departed on July 2, headed for Howland Island. The flight was expected to be arduous, especially since the tiny plane was difficult to locate. To help with navigation, two brightly lit U.S. ships were stationed to mark the route. I was also in radio contact with a U.S. Coast Guard near Howland. Late in the journey, I radioed that the plane was running out of fuel. About an hour later I announced, “We are running north and south.” That was the last transmission received from the coast guard. The plane was believed to have gone down some 100 miles from the island, and an extensive search was undertaken to find me and Noonan. However, on July 19, 1937, the operation was called off, and we were declared lost at sea. Throughout the trip, I had sent my husband various materials, including letter and diary entries. Where I and Noonan ended up no one knows.

I have traveled far more distances for women and activists then I have in miles. My hard work pushed me to great lengths to do something that’s I love and can excel at. My husband and family supported me through these times. And I also still puzzle researches to this day because of my mysterious disappearance. I grew from difficult home life to an exciting, adventures one. As I once said, “Adventure is worthwhile in itself.” I am an important person in history for inspiring many more people to revolutionize the world to what it is today.

Over time, stereotypes concerning women were re-defined thanks to several women holding positions of authority over men. However, it wasn’t always like this as women were disrespected, undervalued, and unappreciated. Throughout history, men dominated professional and most of personal roles in society. Women were expected to play their part as “housewives” and provide nourishment to the household. But, that had all changed over the last century. The century of the 1900s experienced a massive revolution and change for defining “sex-role stereotypes”. It witnessed a huge transformation of roles and expectations, specifically for women. This was all thanks to Amelia Earhart, Vera Atkins, and Mother Teresa just to name a few. Amelia Earhart, born 1897, broke the record for reaching 14,000 feet above ground in 1921. Mother Teresa, born 1910, initiated the Missionaries of Charities which caught the attention of several nuns for the right reasons. The institution provided service for free for the less fortunate in over 130 countries. These services were concerned with the management of residential homes of the deceased, constructing homes for children without parents, and developing of educational buildings. Vera Atkins, born 1908, was presented with the Croix de Guerre (War Cross), French military decoration awarded to those showing heroism, in 1948. The award was first presented in 1915 during World War I, then again in the second World War. Atkins was presented with this great honour for her dedication to locate the 118 Special Operation Executives (SOE) who hadn’t returned home after World War II had ended. These women etched their names in history as some of the influential women of the century. Not only that, they were recognized and appreciated for their accomplishments as well as holding positions of power over men. It was in this decade in which expectations were exceeded and glass ceilings were “destroyed”. Women obtained the right to vote as individuals, the right to work and fend for themselves, and to hold an authoritative position in either their personal or professional lives. By the year 1970, a third of the women with children 3-5 years of age were incorporated into the labour force. Fundamentally speaking, women were placed in positions to stand equally with their male counterparts. Despite the progress, women confronted countless obstacles to how they were presented to the world. As a result, several public service announcements (PSA) were produced to battle the challenges women faced. One specific PSA involved the all too familiar organization built to preserve peace amongst nations, the United Nations. More specifically, the UN Women, created by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in July of 2010. UN Women was created as a result of UN confronted with obstacles in the effort of the organization to positively endorse equality between men and women across the globe. As such, a public service advertisement was produced for the sole purpose of assisting UN Women in their outlined objective. Using this idea, UN Women successfully promoted their intended message and empowered women as the ad utilized real opinions concerning women searched on Google to reinforce the message of “gender equality” to produce the “Most Shared Ad of 2013” as referred to by AdWeek (McGourty, 2017).

As previously mentioned, UN Women utilized the theme of “gender equality” and produced a public service advertisement referred to as, “The Autocomplete Truth”. When initiating a public service announcement in any form, it’s required to study the problems which arose in the countries intended to promote the message. Interestingly, the study conducted for the development of the public service announcement wasn’t so difficult. To gather data and research, a straightforward search was performed on Google by employees around the globe working for Memac Ogily & Mather. It was determined this method was quick, straightforward, and efficient in terms of finances. This allowed for separating a larger budget for various other features of the advertisement. The purpose of the ad was to advertise the message “women need to be seen as equal”. The advertisement featured a woman of colour, appearing to be in her thirties, wearing a hijab. A google search bar was placed over the woman’s mouth which simply had entered the search, “women need to”. However, what occurred as a result of the search was what had the public was concerned. After keying in “women need to” in the search bar, many negative sentiments regarding women were revealed. This was searched globally across 10 countries, which included America. These sentiments ranged from stereotypes to a sentiment that blatantly denied the fundamental rights of women. Specifically speaking, the results revealed that “women need to be put in their place”, “women need to know their place”, “women need to be controlled”, and “women need to be disciplined”. The answers presented were real-life “autocomplete” results, and they were displayed in countries from the west. Results from the Google search which appeared to be upsetting the most, for instance “women need to be put in their place”, were selected by UN Women to positively promote the fundamental message of the public service advertisement across. The strategy proved to be quite effective as the hashtag “#womenshould” went viral and was expressed by UN Women more than 50 countries tweeted using the hashtag. Not only that, but 755 million people also witnessed the message across the globe (McGourty, 2017).

Another theme that needed to be addressed that assisted with the success of the public service announcement was control. As briefly expressed, women had not been recognized or respected for their accomplishments or beliefs prior to the 1920s. They were not even considered “persons” and were disrespected to the extent that, “No one considered the way women experienced the world” (Tuchman, 42). Women’s opinions and values were disregarded by men and as a result were viewed as, “men’s silent or unopinionated consort” (Tuchman, 42). Essentially, it was presumed women followed the lead of “strong” and “dominant” males without a free will of their own. This idea of silencing women from expressing themselves and their beliefs was explicitly represented in the UN Women PSA. The ad was developed in such a manner as to plaster the Google search bar across the woman’s mouth. The search bar represented the metaphorical “chain” that bound the women and provided the power and influence the male counterparts held over women to “control” them. This technique was utilized as if to indicate that women did in fact needed to be silenced. The way the advertisement was creatively designed was a factor that majorly contributed to the popularity it received. UN Women determined this to be a major concern regarding the fundamental rights of women. As such, it was expressed that the ad be developed in such a way that isn’t focused on any other matter. The advertisement hadn’t mentioned the term “men” which as a result had not “blamed” nor “bashed” them. It’s argued, many problems of feminism are caused as a result of men being provoked either explicitly or implicitly. However, the public service announcement was designed and developed in a manner to target the fundamental rights of women which contained no implication to the views of “anti-male”. The ad was designed with the preconceived assumption to be frank without the direct expression of “in your face” (McGourty, 2017). The woman in the ad represents a group of people that currently exist in the world. As a result, individuals who felt connected to the women visualized themselves in her shoes. This technique, along with the mouth-covered bar, as well as the searches conducted on Google instilled hostility and misunderstanding amongst the mass. This was the precise response UN Women wanted to achieve which resulted in the ad being talked about across various newscast channels including CNN, Time, Al Jazeera more than 600 times (McGourty, 2017).

UN Women released yet another public service advertisement which contributed to the successful promotion of the intended message. This public service announcement was presented in the form of a video that expressed the message, “women should be seen equal by now”. The video ad shared examples throughout history when women made significant contributions to be viewed and recognized on equal grounds as men. The advertisement commenced from the year 1869 when women protested for equal rights. Next, the video presented the year 1893, when women were finally permitted to cast their votes and ballots. After that, it presented a small clip of the first female pilot, Amelia Earhart, who made groundbreaking strides for women’s revolution in the flight industry, as previously described. The video continued and presented great females who made significant contributions throughout history and ended with Sarah Attar, one of the first Saudi-American female athletes who competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics. Sarah had become an inspiration for many women across the world who shared her beliefs. The conclusion of the video presented a clip of the Google search, “women should” along with the negative results for which the PSA ad was popularized. After the clip, the video closed with it’s intended message to promote, “women should be seen equal by now”. The audience intended for the advertisement is comprised of women. Specifically speaking, women active on social media channels as the ‘#womenshould’ hashtag went viral on Twitter. The intended target audience for the public service advertisement consisted of women of 17-25 years. This range was the average age of women who utilized Twitter in the year 2013. To market to a greater audience of women, UN Women decided to advertise on Facebook. On this platform, the average age of female users was 35 years in 2013. Later, it was decided the video be aired during the Super Bowl and World Cup, the two televised events watched most by viewers. Along with this marketing strategy was the widespread coverage by media the advertisement obtained which allowed UN Women to reach a greater audience of women globally than what was initially planned. UN Women received extensive support from the media coverage which resulted for an effective public service announcement. The success received allowed the for the ad to be recognized as the “Social Campaign of the Year” for Ad Council.

Many individuals were confronted with stereotypes and barriers that restricted any chance for progress over the past few years. However, this certain case concerned women and their significant potential to produce great contributions to society. The year 1900s witnessed an incredible women’s revolution that provided women with rights equal to men. However, women continuously faced challenges on a regular basis. An exclusive component for “The Autocomplete Truth” was it held ethical influence over the general mass rather than an organization or firm. It held moral power over those who performed the google searches detailed on the advertisement as well as several individuals from cultures of the West. The common phrase “women should be slaves” is searched to this day, despite people being aware of its immoral implications. An individual’s reputation would be damaged if the saying was expressed openly to the public. The advertisement fundamentally revealed the sexist remarks supressed across the globe and confronted the general public to transform their ideologies. The public service announcement was quite effective to say that least. It surpassed the initial anticipated expectations made by the team which produced the content. The advertisement had not only established new records for future social ads but was recognized as one the best ads produced. It’s a well-known fact amongst the general population that gender inequality existed throughout history and is present to this day. Women had been disrespected, unappreciated, and more importantly viewed as inferior to men. In other words, their only significant function in society was to perform the duties of a “housewife” as media had perfectly presented “contradictory representations of female gender identity” (Crymble, 64). However, the advertisement outlined the common gender-role stereotype in subtle yet impactful manner. As previously stated, individuals had searched those precise phrases into Google. Not only that, it was determined the searches were performed in countries recognized as “socially progressive” in modern times. The fact is, “women should” be respected in society and presented in a manner that allows them to break ceilings and overcome stereotypes. Advertising the women are to be “slaves” will only become detrimental for the next generation of women. The Google searches presented in the face of society are nothing more than “wake up calls” (Shuhaibar, 2013) and a major representation of “how far we still have to go to achieve gender equality (Shuhaibar, 2013).

Bibliography

1. Crymble, Sarah B. “Contradiction Sells Feminine Complexity and Gender Identity Dissonance in Magazine Advertising.” Journal of Communication Inquiry, vol. 36, no. 1, 2011, pp. 62–84., doi:10.1177/0196859911429195.
2. McGourty, C. “UN Women and the #WomenShould Campaign.” 4 Nov. 2017.
3. Tuchman, Gaye, et al. “The Symbolic Annihilation of Women by the Mass Media.” Hearth and Home: Images of Women in the Mass Media, Oxford University Press, 1978, pp. 41–58.
4. “About UN Women.” UN Women, www.unwomen.org/en/about-us/about-un-women.
5. “UN Women Ad Series Reveals Widespread Sexism.” UN Women, 21 Oct. 2013, www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2013/10/women-should-ads.
6. “UN Women – The Autocomplete Truth.” YouTube, 18 Nov. 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkNlGuW-0g8.
7. “100 Women Who Changed the World: the Results.” History Extra, 9 Aug. 2018, www.historyextra.com/100-women/100-women-results/.

Role and Status of women since 1865 and how it has changed What would this world be like if not for the strong women who helped make the path of women’s rights in the nation? Would women like the same freedoms as men or would they prefer to be prisoners at home? Thank goodness women don’t spend too much time thinking this as there were strong, powerful women who fought for women’s rights for many years. Women supported other women to fight for freedom, equality, freedom, and the opportunity to be a powerful independent woman in a nation of strong independent men. This essay will discuss many meaningful events that transformed the American women of the future. Situations driven by women that wanted their voices heard through a multitude of men, women that wanted men to understand that women has a lot to offer to this world we live in.

The first occurrence that this essay will talk about is the American Equal Rights Association beginning in 1866 by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. This association would cast light on women’s suffrage in the nation and later result in a more radical group called the National Woman Suffrage Association. World War I was yet, another occurrence that shaped the future women of America and all over the world. Women have left their homes to become nurses that cared for wounded soldiers around the world. Another event is the passage of the 19th amendment in 1920. The amendment gave women a voice in elections around the country. The votes would count next to the men’s to transform the nation. As years went on, issues women previously faced did not stop. Women still battled for many rights and notoriety, like Amelia Earhart. Amelia would be the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic and later would accomplish many other firsts as a woman, in and out of an airplane. America would not run from another war. In 1942 a matter occurred that would diffuses the weak image of women. World War II started with the attack on Pearl Harbor. Women would again be summoned in a time of need. This time, women would not only be nurses, but also be members of the military, taking their place next to men overseas. Lastly, in 1963, Betty Friedan wrote a book called “The Feminine Mystique” that would encourage woman to step out of their comfort zones again and fight more a more important role in society.

The role of women has been changed by the women themselves, the women who fought endlessly for equality and proved their significance in American society and the world. The suffrage movement is how it all started. In 1776, the Declaration of Independence was written declaring equality for all men. Looking back maybe it should have said; for all mankind. In the 19th century many women has aspirations to be just as equal as men in society. Women were given the same privileges and rights of men. The fight for suffrage was the desire communicated by women for a different role in society rather than the customary one. Women’s suffrage showed to the nation a message of women’s longing for independence(Dubois, 1987). The American Equal Rights Association (AERA) was made in an attempt to give equality to all mankind, with an aspiration of combining woman suffrage and black suffrage into the all-encompassing demand for united suffrage. Many women though that equality for everyone could be fought for together, giving a voice to the citizen rather than the sex or color. After many years it became known that fighting the two together was not working. The subject matter had shifted from “women” to “black women” and women were rejected from the 15th amendment; thus a conflict developed between the women involved. The AERA and universal suffrage was not in working order.

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were women with an imagination of equality in their hearts. These women would become the face of the “new” suffrage movement (Harper, 1906). After failed attempts of the AERA the women changed their focus to a more radical group giving attention to women’s suffrage, the National Woman Suffrage Association or NWSA, thus giving a new identity to their cause (Dubois, 1987). The NWSA made a claim that women should have the right to vote based on their sex and not simply as individuals. The two ladies believed that the feminine component should be liberated in government. They declared that the feminine element would “elevate national life and “exalt purity, virtue, morality, and religion,” giving the nation some heart. According to Dubois, “the NWSA distinguished itself among suffrage organizations by its emphasis on national, as opposed to state, action to enfranchise women” (1987). The women still battled for education; their right to divorce, to own property, to have careers, and their right to vote. Women now obtained a voice in the nation; this voice would be carried into a global war in 1914. In 1914 the nation was thrown into World War I. Women were a significant role of the voluntary support of the war. Women were used as icons to represent the nation and its war aims (Dumenil, 2002).

Propaganda of the female image was used, at times draped with an American flag as a way to represent America’s honor. However, these efforts did not do enough to encourage or support women as the mobilization eventually did. National women’s organizations started to influence their involvement through the NWSA. The National Women’s Party (NWP) also participated, surrounding the White House and demanding that the same democracy that was being battled for by war, also be given to the women on the home front also. The NWP and the NWSA obtained notoriety and demonstrated an important component in creating sympathy for suffrage. Other important steps to equality also came about during the First World War. The Women’s Land Army and the Young Women’s Christian Association offered job opportunities that challenged traditional patterns of sex-segregated work. Women started to farm the land, work as street car conductors, and postal carriers. Women now were given the opportunities that were only previously given to men (Dumenil, 2002). According to Blanch “Groups of women from colleges and seasonal trades have ploughed and harrowed, sowed and planted, weeded and cultivated, mowed and harvested, milked and churned, at Vassar, Bryn Mawr and Mount Holyoke, at Newburg and Milton, at Bedford Hills and Mahwah. It has been demonstrated that our girls from college and city trade can do farm work, and do it with a will. Better still, at the end of the season, their health wins high approval from the doctors and their work golden opinions from the farmers” (Blatch, 1918).

Before the war there were 403 women appointed to the Army Nurse Corps, by the end of the war 21, 480. Women came to Europe even prior to the American troops. Nurses served in many countries, served in field hospitals, evacuation, mobile units, camps, and convalescent hospitals also as troop trains and transport ships. The women serving in the war were exposed to treacherous conditions and saddening losses. By uniting forces in war and serving for thousands of fathers, brothers, and sons of America, women were able to fight for their equality. World War I was a significant example for increasing roles of women on the military and for evolving the military acknowledgment of women’s service in the Armed Forces and throughout the nation (Ghajar). Social reform was a significant phase of the Progressive movement. A crucial occurrence during this time was the passage of the 19th amendment, which afforded women the right to vote. Women thought that their rights, in politics, were key to their rights in society. Attaining the right to vote was a constant struggle that took decades to achieve. Generations of suffragists wrote, lobbied, marched, and lectured in an effort to ratify the Constitution.

The amendment was originally given to Congress in 1878 and was not ratified until August 18, 1920. At the beginning women suffrage advocates pursued passing the suffrage acts in each individual state, others approached the male-only vote through court, while other, more radical suffragists used vigils, spectacles, and hunger strikes to make a name for their cause. The majority of major suffrage organizations vouched for the ratification of the Constitution. Nevertheless, it was believed by the National Committee of Chairmen that the women would vote against that party whose legislatures rejected to ratify; the “mythical sex-vote idea” (Brown, 1922). It wasn’t until New York adopted the women suffrage that President Wilson started to support the amendment. The House of Representatives declared the amendment followed to weeks later by Senate. The amendment achieved its acquired three-fourths of the states allowing for ratification on August 26, 1920 (The constitution: The 19th amendment). The 19th amendment completely changed the face of American politics and was a major accomplishment for the women of the nation transforming powerful women of the future.

One of these powerful women is Amelia Earhart. Amelia was one of the most courageous women of the 20th century. She changed the way women were viewed not just in America but around the world also. Women before this point have paved the way for women like Amelia Earhart. In prior years she may not have been able to pursue flying and would have become the independent woman she was. As a result of her parents rough marriage Earhart vowed to be a strong independent woman. She worked as a nurse’s aide in a military hospital in Canada in World War I and worked as a social worker in Boston, she gained her financial independence. While working she gained finances to use for flying lessons and bought a small plane. This plane would make a name for herself in our history books as the most well known female pilot of all times. Earhart would break many flying records, also the first woman to fly across the Atlantic. Earhart was a very important inspiration for women. Edwins wrote, “She believed her solo flight proved that men and women were equals in all “jobs requiring intelligence, coordination, speed, coolness, and willpower” (2012). She wanted to inspire women to challenge themselves and their limits. Earhart said “Now and then women should do for themselves what men have already done—occasionally what men have not done–thereby establishing themselves as persons, and perhaps encouraging other women toward greater independence of thought and action” (Edwins, 2012). Because of Earhart’s fame she could gain support for female pilot’s discrimination. Women like Earhart kept feminism noteworthy during a slow time of women’s activism. Many organizations used her icon to promote safety of aviation, although the image seemed to represent that any woman could fly is she could do it. Women ran into criticism and resistance during this time however they were still able to travel, race, set records, and promote aviation. During Amelia’s tours she would address women’s group campaigning independence. During this time Earhart was able to represent to the nation that women pilots could combine job and adventure with more feminine duties of marriage and motherhood, showing the liberated yet feminine woman (Corn, 1979). It was because of her courageous drive, independence, and passion that she became a heroic image in history.

Like the times of WWI, men off in droves in WWII. More than 16 million men left to serve in the military, this resulted in more than 6.5 women stepping up to fill their open positions in factories. The percentage of women in agricultural roles also increased to about 15 percent, with more than three million women joining the federal Women’s Land Army to save the nation’s crops. Women also used their military uniforms for jobs like metal smiths, aircraft mechanics, and flight orderlies. All the three branches of the military let women join their ranks, although their service would not be equal to the men. Women joined the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC), the Navy Women’s Reserve (WAVES), the Marine Corps Women’s Reserve, the Coast Guard Women’s Reserve (SPARS), the Women’s Airforce Service Pilots (WASPS), the Army Nurse Corps, and the Navy Nurse Corps. The Women’s Airforce Service Pilots were made as a military organization next to the Army Air Forces and functioned to ferry aircraft around the world. The Women’s Army Corps put the women into uniform and they began to take action. During this time, women were not able to serve in combat roles, next to the men, however, they did serve as combat nurses.

Litoff and Smith introduced the way the war affected women by saying “The lives of American women were dramatically changed by the experience of war. The war transformed the way women thought about themselves and the world in which they lived, expanding their horizons and affording them a clearer sense of their capabilities” (2002). After the war the women felt more confident and powerful in society. They had proven their courage, strength, and purpose outside of the house. Because of their passion and commitment to the war women were given many more opportunities going forward in aworld more suited for men. This was not a feeling of the nation as a whole however; when the men returned the women were pushed out of jobs again and were forced to stay at home. This did not go well and more feminism began, as women battled to stay and their jobs and found independence. World War II is a clear example of an important spark in the fight of women’s rights, not only because of the new jobs women had but because of the passion that the women of the war held to not go back to their old lives. As women kept on fighting their new found independence a woman named Betty Friedan wrote a book called The Feminine Mystique. Friedan wanted the women to have questions about their role in society. They now were questioning their domestication and wanted to reconsider their role in society. In the post war era men of the nation again took over the important role and had begun, once again, to repress women, saying that women could only be happy in “sexual passivity, male domination, and nurturing maternal love” (Meyerowitz, 1993). Friedan pointed out that “full-time domesticity stunted women and denied their “basic human need to grow” (1993). She perceived that both men and women found enjoyment in their achievement in society. Friedan was also the first president of the National Organization. She found the National Women’s Political Caucus. Betty Friedan became a very powerful role model in the women’s movement by pursuing women to be more than wives and housemaids (Meyerowitz, 1993). Betty knew women had many advances in the war and wanted them to prove themselves again in society. Her book and encouraging words changed women forever.

Reference Page

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2. Litoff, J.B., & Smith, D. C. (2002). American women in a world at war. OAH Magazine of History, 16(3), 7, 9-12. Retrieved April 3, 2019, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25163519
3. Harper, I. H. (1906). Susan B. Anthony: The woman and her work. The North American Review, 182(593), 604-616. Retrieved April 3, 2019, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/25105555
4. Ghajar, L. A. (n.d.). Military nurses in world war.
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6. Edwins, L. (2012, Jul 24). Amelia Earhart: Pilot and feminist. The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1027616848?accountid=32521
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The definition of charismatic leadership is the method of encouraging behaviors in others by communication, persuasion and force of personality. The disappearance of the motivating and successful aviation leader Amelia Earhart shook the lives of everyone living in the 1930’s. As the first female aviator to fly across the Atlantic Ocean and bestselling author, she was loved by everyone. She developed a passion for aviation at a young age and inspired the lives of many others. During a time where women were discriminated against, she never lost faith. She had charisma. The kind Amelia Earhart was a strong and encouraging leader. She had a positive and determined personality that didn’t stop her from doing anything, no matter the circumstances. She made sure she accomplished as much as she could and did this by demonstrating charismatic leadership.

Amelia Earhart didn’t grow up living the average childhood life. Her role as a charismatic leader started July 24, 1887 when she was born in Atchison, Kansas. She was raised by her mother Amelia Otis and her father Edwin Earhart who was addicted to alcohol. He also struggled with providing financial stability for his family. When things became too much to handle, Amy would send Earhart and her sister to live with her grandparents. They were always moving around so that Otis could find employment, forcing Earhart and her sister to transfer from school to school. It was very hard for her to focus being as though they were always traveling however, she always found time to focus and excel in her academics. Her ability to disregard her family situations was a strength of her charismatic leadership. According to House, the personality characteristics of a charismatic leader include being dominant and having a strong sense of one’s moral values.

Charismatic leaders often demonstrate different types of behaviors. They are viewed as strong role models for their beliefs. After Amelia graduated high school, she spent a vacation visiting her sister in Toronto, Canada. After seeing many hurt soldiers returning from World War 1, she volunteered to be a nurse’s aide for the Red Cross. She met many wounded pilots and began to develop a strong love for aviation. She spent most of her free time watching the Royal Flying Corps practicing at a nearby airfield. She was beginning to develop her love for aviation. At an air show in the summer of 1920, Earhart took a plane ride that “transformed her life”. At this moment Earhart set a clear ideological goal stating that she was going to become a pilot and was determined to accomplish it. For a year straight she worked she worked a variety jobs starting photographer to truck driver so that she could earn enough money to take flight lessons. This was not an easy year for her but she did not lose faith, if she wasn’t working she spent her free time learning new things at the airfield.

The start of Earhart’s impeccable journey of leadership started when she purchased her first plane, a Kinner Airster biplane painted bright yellow. This immediately increased her confidence as she was one step closer to reaching her goal. October 22, 1922, Amelia made her first official accomplishment in aviation. She flew her plane to 14,000 feet setting the world record for highest altitude flown for female pilots. While maintaining several jobs she was finally issued her pilots license being the 16th woman to do so. She set a strong role model for women, and many others (followers) started looking up to her. It increased their sense of competence and self-efficiency and helped them believe that anything is possible. However, as soon as things seemed as they were going well, they collapsed. By 1924, the inheritance money from her mother that her family was living from was gone and she was forced to sell her plane. She then moved to Boston and studied at Columbia University but after a few moths in was forced to drop out due to limited finances. She found employment as a teacher and later as a social worker. Through all these complications, Amelia never gave up on her passion for aviation. Her desire t influence other was one of her strengths of leadership.

After working as a social worker for 3 years, Amelia became a member of the American Aeronautical Society in Boston. She became a sales representative for Kinner airplanes in the Boston area while writing articles promoting flying and influencing women to become more involved in aviation. People began to become familiar with her loving personality. April 1928, she received a call asking if she wanted to fly across the Atlantic. Without a doubt she flew to New York to be interviewed, where she found out that she would just be passenger. Around this time period a flight like this was “too dangerous” for women. She was disappointed but she did not let this stop her journey. Months later she took off on a flight from Trepassey Harbor accompanied by pilot Wilmur Stultz. It was 20 hours and 40 minutes later into the flight that’s they landed in United Kingdom. Due to the weather Stultz took all flight controls throughout the flight and Earhart said she felt as though she was “just a baggage like a sack of potatoes” she then added, “Maybe some day I’ll try it alone.” She had confidence in herself and did not let this deteriate her. Following this experience, she wrote a book entitled “20 hrs. and 40 Min” this book was about her aviation experience thus far and her translatic flight. The book that she wrote really allowed her followers to gain sense of self confidence and self-efficacy being able to fight through feminism. She gained publicity from fashion designers and gained many endorsements. This was such a remarkable flight that when they returned to the United States they were greeted by a parade and a reception at the White House. The press assigned Earhart as “Lady Lindy” a nickname after “Lucky Lind’ for Lindbergh. . The impact of this behavior increased her followers and made them want to meet these expectations. (Avolio and Gibbons, 1988).

May 20, 1932 Earhart became the first women to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. They took off in Harbour Grace, Newfoundland. Immediately after they took off, the flight ran into turbulence and encountered thick clouds and ice on the wings. After 12 hours the conditions got worse and the plane began to experience mechanical issues. She immediately landed the plane in fears of her safety. This could be a weakness to her followers, because it may be her “giving up”. However, she was still honored with a gold medal from the National Geographic Society, the Distinguished Flying Cross from the U.S. Congress; and the Cross of the Knight of the Legion. This was only the beginning of her accomplishments. She received several rewards for how successful she is in her journey this far.

Earhart attempted to be the first person to circumnavigate the earth around the equator but instead she disappeared and was never found. She was with pilot Fred Noonan, they had a plan to fly to Howland Island between Hawaii and Australia. Their flight plan was very well thought out, they had emergency precautions and communication strategies. July 2, 1937 Earhart reported her position that seemed to be going in the opposite direction of their flight plan, and that was the last any one has heard from them. President D. Roosevelt spent approximately 4 million on a 2-year rescue mission.

In conclusion, the events leading up to Amelia Earhart’s accomplishments made her into charismatic leader that she was. Amelia Earhart inspired many people throughout her time. She carried herself as a strong aviator and wanted equality for all women and wouldn’t give up until she got it. She trusted herself to do what no women in history has ever done, fly across the Atlantic Ocean. She inspired many people to follow their dreams no matter what and to not let anything stop them. Her focus was to become a pilot and she accomplished it. Charismatic leaders always stay true to themselves and make sure they accomplish their goals.