Category: Accident

INTRODUCTION

It is estimated that urban populations in developing countries are currently growing at around 4 % per annum. Many developing world cities are increasing the capacity of their road networks, but often at the expense of the safety of the vulnerable road users. As a result, many people die and are injured unnecessarily in road crashes with the consequential social economic and health burdens imposing heavy constraints on sustainable development.“In developing countries, the situation (road safety) is made worse by rapid and unplanned urbanisation. The absence of adequate infrastructure in our cities, together with the lack of a legal regulatory framework, makes the exponential rise in the number of road accidents all the more worrying.The numbers of road accidents are increasing at an alarming rate in India. Thus, there is an urgent need for a systematic approach to improve road safety. The road accidents deaths and injuries are global phenomena but more sever situation in mixed traffic condition as prevailing on India multilane roads.According to WHO, an estimated 632 people are killed on Indian roads every day.In case of India, road injuries are one of the top four leading causes of death and health loss among persons of age group 15-49 years.Thus, there is an urgent need to improve safety of the road way and its features. Considering this importance of the road safety, the statistical analysis of accident is carried out atcritical locations or road stretches which will help to arrive at suitable measures to effectively decrease accidents rates.

SURVEY OF ACCDENT OCCUR IN SURAT PER ANNUM

When the accident occur sometimes for the rescue ambulance can’t get the message soon because of the lesw technology or sometimes there may be network problem.

If the accident occur at the place where less vehicals are moving then tere may be more chances of death.By these rescue system the message of occured accident can get soon to the defined number.And the ambulance can reach as soon as possible at the accident place.By these there may less chances of death.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Our lives became easier with the Quick accretion of technology and infrastructure. The advent of technology has also rise the traffic hazards and the road accident take place repeatedly which causes massive loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities. Recently, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have emerged as an efficient way of improving interpretation of transportation systems and enhancing travel safety. Accident detection systems are one of the most effective (ITS) tools. The accident detected system which based on Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) can be accomplish though one or several sensors, the system can gathers the information and coordinates of accident spot then send this data to the rescues services center over a network link in shortest time, It represented as an instance helping system. In this review paper, we proposed an intelligent system that composed of a GPS receiver, Vibration sensor, GSM Modem and integrated with Vehicular AD-Hoc Network (VANET). The employ of (VANET) by enhanced Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector protocol (AODV) helps these services in finding the optimum route to the emergency message. The use of GSM, GPS, and VANET technologies allows the system to track vehicle and provides the most instant and accurate information about the vehicle accident spot.

A large number of precious lives are lost due to road traffic accidents every day. The common reasons are driver’s mistake and late response from emergency services. There is a need to have an effective road accident detection and information communication system in place to save injured persons. A system that sends information messages to nearby emergency services about the accident location for timely response is absolutely in need. In research literature, a number of automatic accident detection systems are proposed by numerous researchers. These include accident detection using smartphones, GSM and GPS technologies, vehicular ad-hoc networks and mobile applications. The implementation of an automatic road accident detection and information communication system in every vehicle is very crucial. This paper presents a brief review on automatic road accident detection techniques used to save affected persons. An automatic road accident detection technique based on low cost ultrasonic sensors is also proposed.

The rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has madeour lives easier. The advent of technology has also increasedthe traffic hazards and the road accidents take place frequently, which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities. Even with so many modern devices present in the field of vehicle design, road lane design and heavy traffic control accidents do occur at a large scale. Accident threatens human lives more and mainly road accident is common today. During accident many people lose their life because medical services and family membernot getting accidental information on time. Any kind of accident detected is automatically sent as an alert to the required destination. Accident detection device installed in a vehicles when meet with an accident will send SMS/messages to the pre-install numbers of the drivers family members, police station, ambulance and nearest hospital. This embedded system is useful for tracking and retrieving the exact position of any vehicle, which has met with an accident by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and sensors.

An accelerometer is a tool that measures proper acceleration. Proper acceleration is the acceleration (the rate of change of velocity) of a body in its own instantaneous rest frame. this is different from coordinate acceleration, which is acceleration in a fixed coordinate system. For example, an accelerometer at rest on the surface of the Earth will measure an acceleration due to Earth’s gravity, straight upwards (by definition) of g ≈ 9.81 m/s2. By contrast, accelerometers in free fall (falling toward the center of the Earth at a rate of about 9.81 m/s2) will measure zero.

Accelerometers have many uses in industry and science. Highly sensitive accelerometers are used in inertial navigation systems for aircraft and missiles. Vibration in rotating machines is monitored by accelerometers. They are used in tablet computers and digital cameras so that images on screens are always displayed upright. In unmanned aerial vehicles, accelerometers help to stabilise flight

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Uno differs from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter. ‘Uno’ means ‘One’ in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0. The Uno and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduino, moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the reference model for the Arduino platform; for a comparison with previous versions, see the index of Arduino boards.

GPS and GSM

The Global Positioning System GPS module is used to detect the location of vehicle. To find the location on the earth the whole is divided into some coordinates where the location can be easily captured by a module called GPS module. Here the GPS used isSIM28ML. This GPS module will find the location of the vehicle and the information fetched by the GPS receiver is received through the coordinates and the received data is first send to arduino and the information is transmitted to the saved contact through GSM module. The frequency is operated in the range of 1575.42 MHz and the output of GPS module is in NMEA format which includes data like location in real time.

SIMULATION

Using proteus software we make simulation of circuit interfacing of vibration sensor with Arduino.

After the simulatiom of vibration sensor with arduino the result shown in two values one is high and second is low. The above figure shows the result of high value means there may be accident occur.

After the simulatiom of vibration sensor with arduino the result shown above is of low value means there may be no accident

CONCLUSION

The proposed system deals with the accident alerting and detection. Arduino is the heart of the system which helps in transferring the message to different devices in the system. Accelerometer sensor And vibration sensor will be activated when the accident occurs and the information is transferred to the registered number through GSM module. Using GPS the location can be sent through tracking system to cover the geographical coordinates over the area. The accident can be detected by a accelerometer sensor and vibration senaor which is used as major module in the system.

REFFERENCE

There are several papers publications dealing with the issues like accident occur and the rescue system is little bit slow. Sometimes there may be too late to rescue and the result may be of death. Fast recue system techniques and important information was derived from the major references paper below.

1. Kiran Sawant, Imran Bhole, Prashant Kokane,PirajiDoiphode,Prof. Yogesh Thorat, “Accident Alert and Vehicle Tracking System”, International Journal of Innovative Analysis in laptop and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 5, May 2016.
2. MrsManasiPatil, AanchalRawat, Pratik Singh, Srishtie Dixit,“Accident Detection and Ambulance Control using Intelligent Traffic Control System”, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) ,Volume 34-Number 8,April 2016.
3. V.Sagar Reddy, Dr.L.PadmaSree, V. Naveen Kumar, “Design and Development of accelerometer based System for driver safety”, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 12, December 2014.
4. Sri Krishna Chaitanya Varma, Poornesh, Tarun Varma, Harsha,“Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection And Messaging System Using GPS and GSM Modems”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2013.
5. Apurva Mane, Jaideep Rana, “Vehicle Collision detection and Remote Alarm Device using Arduino”, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, Vol.4, No.3, June 2014.
6. Prof.Mrs.Bhagya Lakshmi V, Prof.SavithaHiremath, Prof.SanjeevMhamane, “FPGA Based Vehicle Tracking and Accident Warning using GPS”, International Journal of Scientific &Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 2, February-2014.
7. ‘A Brief History Of GPS Vehicle Tracking’, Trackyourtruck.com, 2017. [Online]. Available: http://www.trackyourtruck.com/blog/brief-history-gps-vehicletracking/. [Accessed: 16- Jul- 2017]
8. Asaad M. J. Al-Hindawi, IbraheemTalib,“Experimentally Evaluation of GPS/GSM Based System Design”, Journal of Electronic Systems Volume 2 Number 2 June 2012 KunalMaurya ,Mandeep Singh, Neelu Jain, “ Real Time Vehicle Tracking System using GSM and GPS Technology- An Antitheft Tracking System,” International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering. ISSN 2277-1956/V1N3-1103-1107.
9. V.Ramya, B. Palaniappan, K. Karthick, “Embedded Controller for Vehicle In-Front Obstacle Detection and Cabin Safety Alert System”, International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol.4, No 2, April 2012

A Father’s prized possession will always be his little girl. Car accidents don’t just happen to cars, they also happen to us. The image is a component of a vigilance campaign done by a security routine. It was used as an advertisement to promote and bring to light the consequences of speeding. The main purpose of this picture is to bring awareness to what speeding and driving recklessly can not only do to an individual but others as well. The little girl in the advertisement is a great example. Something like what happened to her can happen to anyone who is not driving with precaution. The intended audience is those who drive unsafely, use no precautions, and don’t think about the overall consequences of their actions.

If you pay attention to the young girl in the advertisement, she has a huge dent in her head, I also had that same exact dent in my head. That’s the primary reason why this image grabbed my attention. In addition, you can notice the scratches and scars on her face, they are linked to the aftermath of a car collision. Some of the cuts and scars on her face show that it was obvious she was involved in a car accident.

The advertisement provokes a lot of pathos emotions in its intended audience, and anyone who comes across the advertisement. The Pathos that is seen in the image makes one feel empathetic, compassionate, and sad for the girl because of the amount of damage to her head. I believe this visual image was picked by the advertisers because most people are inclined to associate children with ecstasy and jubilance, but with the girl’s expression exhibiting absolutely no sign of either or, people become unconsciously aware of the consequences their actions could possibly have on themselves and innocent others. Therefore, this advertisement tries to convince, influence, and persuade people to be safer and more cautious when they drive.

Kids are meant to have fun and play freely with no worries of getting into an accident or getting hit by a car, but at the end of the day it’s not up to the kids to be safe, it’s up to the driver. Her sense of innocence increases the audience’s sympathy toward her. I know it increased my sympathy towards her because I too got into a severe car accident last year in Hollister. I was towing a boat late at night that I had just picked up from service and was taking to our storage. My stomach began growling, so I decided to take a spin into town and get something to eat. Afterward, I left town and made my way to deliver the boat, and from this day on I don’t remember anything else besides that and what others have told me.

If you look at the box located in the lower-left corner of the advertisement, Logos can be visually perceived. It reads, “at 60 km/h it takes 8 meters more to stop than at 50.” Since there are 26 feet in 8 meters it makes the audience celebrate, and think deeply, if the person who had hit the child had only been going 50 km/h instead of 60 km/h, 26 feet was all that was needed to stop before hitting the child. This tragedy could have been prevented if the driver would have only been more cautious. The logos used in this advertisement is intended to resonate with people who make more of a connection through logical reasoning.

I myself was able to make a connection with this advertisement both through the logos and pathos approach. Just as I made this compassionate connection, I’m sure many other individuals throughout the world did too when they saw this visual representation. Not only was I able to connect with this advertisement through logos and pathos, but through personal experience too.

Ethos is also shown in this visual by the engenderers of this ad a prominent company in France that fixate on apprising the public of the perils of irresponsible driving. Irresponsible driving led to both me and the person inside of the tractor being flown to an intensive care unit with him breaking both of his legs and his wrist. Now that I am physically and emotionally better, I’m in school and living my life to the fullest like nothing ever happened to me. My mentality before my accident changed quite a bit. I do not believe this photo will affect anybody else as much as it affected me because my life’s history is different than anyone else’s. I entered the ICU unconscious and my brain swelled. The surgeons had no other choice but to remove half of my skull because I was in a life-or-death situation. Having been in a vegetable state for one month, and a total of three months in the hospital, seven months ago I can say my life is important and there was a reason why I was given a second chance. Driving a couple of miles faster can ruin your and another person’s life. All in all, I do believe this visual was successful because it truly resonated with me and I’m sure it resonated with many more people. Remember, car accidents don’t just happen to cars, they also happen to us.

It was ten years ago, during my holiday trip to Singapore. Only seven years old and traveling to a country that I had never visited before, I was understandably nervous. Clenching my mom’s hands, I tried to keep up with her as she zipped through the crowd. After traveling around the country for two days, I got overconfident. I decided that it was time to stop being cautious and roam freely around the mall. As I strolled past the shops, I suddenly realized that my mom was missing. Panicked and frantic, I searched unsuccessfully for my mom in each store I went past. Not knowing where to go or what to do, I started wandering around, lost both physically and mentally. After ambling aimlessly for five minutes, I realized that I could ask other people for help to find my way back to my family. After trying to stop a dozen or so people and not getting any response, I decided to give up and try to find my way back to my cousin’s condo. Luckily, I was able to recall the way back to the condo, however, I still ran into a couple of problems. As I reached the MRT station, I realized that I did not have an MRT card with me. I sat on a nearby bench, looking at the ground, flustered, trying to brainstorm a loophole. After what must have been an hour, I glanced up and saw a sign that said that anyone under the age of six could ride for free. Being a stout boy, I realized that I could trick people into thinking I was under six if questioned. So I decided to sneak onto the MRT after a person with a card. After traveling through seven stations, I finally arrived at the station where my cousin’s condo was located: Paya Lebar. As I approached the gate of the condo, I then had to overcome my second and final hurdle: I was locked out. I lacked a key card since I was just a guest. Drawing on my MRT experience, I stood near the gate and waited for a resident to arrive or depart. After waiting more than fifteen minutes, a resident finally walked out of the condo, and I walked in casually, pretending nothing was wrong. Safely inside the gates of the condo, I rushed upstairs to my apartment to call my parents so they would not be worried. Sadly, they had not even realized I was gone. They had assumed I was with my brother, looking around the shopping mall.

Looking back now on my holiday trip to Sigangapur and the incident, what happened and how it could have gone wrong, I realize how dangerous it all was. A young boy in an enormous country, I could have been lost for days.

Each day people move from one place to another may it be to work school or to the grocery. Most people like it when this process is easy, fast and less tiring. Hence, they tend to choose to use a means of transport that will do this. It is for this reason that inventors work hard to make sure that people get what they desire. Use of motorcycles for transportation has been growing at a high rate, hence attracting many fans

Most people have grown to love motorcycles because they are relatively cheap to fuel fast and their ability to penetrate through any space. However, we cannot ignore the many numbers of accidents experienced through the use of it. These accidents are associated with various reasons such as overconfidence on the road high speed and less use of protection gears like masks. Hence, there is a great need for a motorcycle accident attorney to help one in the legal process. Some of the types of motorcycle accidents that require an attorney include the following.

Left Collision

These accidents happen at the roundabout as one turns to take a particular road. It occurs when one is at high speed and is not keen to look at both sides of the road. The driver who fails to use the correct lane could also lead to this form of accident. When riding at high speed on a road that one is unfamiliar with, he may not be able to see bumps ahead of them leading to an accident.

Rear Accidents

This kind of accident happens when one is hit from the back by another motorcycle or a car. It happens when they may slow down abruptly without the person behind them being aware. Stepping on emergency brakes is the leading cause of this kind of accident.

Drunken Driving Accidents

Though drunk driving is illegal most people find themselves on the road while drunk. Alcohol affects the normal functioning of a person. Hence, they are not able to coordinate their movement and in the worst cases, the driver may black out in the process leading to an accident.

Underage Driving

There is usually a specific age limit for one to start using a motorcycle on the road especially the highways. The age limit for most states often is sixteen but most parents are not keen in ensuring this. As a result, the lead to accidents due to their lack of experience. Also, their small sizes cause them not to see the road clearly.

In conclusion motorcycle accidents are common due to the high number of motorcycles. Hence, the high need for a motorcycle accident attorney to make the process of being compensated simple and fast. Hiring an attorney is highly beneficial as it helps to avoid the use of so much money in the process. Therefore, anytime you get involved in a motorcycle accident, make sure you hire an attorney as soon as it takes place.

The Grenfell fire tower began in June 2017 and soon became one of the UK’s worst modern disasters (BBC News, 2019). The Tower stood as part of the Lancaster West Estate in the borough of Kensington and Chelsea, one of the wealthiest local authorities in the country, yet has become amongst London’s most unequal, with Grenfell Tower sitting in extreme poverty, side by side with excessive wealth (Barr, 2017). The social housing tower homed individuals from a multitude of socio-economic backgrounds, with more than half of the adult victims having arrived in the country after 1990. With 19 different nationalities the 72 who tragically lost their lives, and just seven white Britons losing their life, telling of how the Grenfell Tower disaster disproportionately impacted minority ethnic communities (Rice-Oxley, 2018).

With this, I will develop how the 2017 Grenfell Tower fire and its aftermath were ultimately tarnished with issues of racialization and marginalization. It is important to develop a deeper understanding here to distinguish what I mean by racialization and marginalization. Individuals become somewhat racialized when they belong to a particular race, ‘typically using the body as a signifier.’ (Fassin, 2011, p.420). It is the distinguishing factor between ‘us’ and ‘other’, a sense of differentiating between those who are inferior and superior in status, and those who are perceived to be deserving of a level of support and attainment. Further, Gans Herbet (2017, p.345) determined the causes of racialization to be the ‘arrival of newcomers, particularly poor ones.’ It is this dichotomy of newcomers and those in poverty that became particularly apparent in the Grenfell fire tragedy. marginalization is best coined by the work of Cathy Cohen (1999). She determines that a group has become marginalized when its members have ‘historically been and continue to be denied access-stigmatized by their identification; isolated or segregated; generally excluded’ (Cohen, 1999, p.24). Once this marginalization process has occurred, it typically becomes an individual’s primary identification, along with racialization, with the body being the biggest signal to individuals who are beyond the realm of acceptance.

It is clear when we refer to the demographic of people who lost their lives that the role of racialization and marginalization was significant in the fire. These people found themselves in one of the poorest parts of London, which just so happens to be in the wealthiest borough of the country’s capital. The issue lies with the foundations of social housing and the recent gentrification of surrounding areas. Shilliam (2018, p.170), provided his understanding of the issue of social housing in Britain, claiming such provision continues to be ‘racialized’, as ‘black and minority ethnic residents are still more likely than white counterparts to suffer from overcrowding and poor-quality housing.’. His stance on this issue can not be undone, the proof is here in the tragedy of Grenfell. Residents in the tower had been complaining about breaches in health and safety legislation and dangerous living conditions for years before the fire yet were refused any form of acknowledgment from governing bodies. These residents were not worthy of appropriate treatment, safety, or living conditions, so much so they were severely neglected by those authorities who were supposed to provide protection, 72 people lost their lives. Danewid (2020, p.290) highlights this issue of a marginalized society perfectly stating, ‘on the night of the fire, Grenfell was predominantly occupied by London’s racialized poor – by Nigerian cleaners, Somali carers, Moroccan drivers and so on.’ The building, under the management of the local council, was absent of basic health and safety provisions. It lacked smoke alarms, sprinkler systems, and multiple escape routes, making it near enough impossible for the residents to survive the inferno that occurred on June 14th, 2017. This racial segregation of those disproportionately in social housing is produced through structure and everyday practices, described as ‘drawing migrants in, dividing and housing them according to the financial interests of property speculators’ (Bulley and Brassett, 2021, p.555). The Grenfell fire simply placed this issue back in mainstream news, with the global political impact of the fire becoming apparent simply because the victims came from across the world.

The borough of Kensington and Chelsea had undergone increased gentrification of its poorest areas in the years preceding the fire, worsened by broken housing systems, privatization of local government services, and the desire to please the wealthy occupying the area, heightening the ‘racism that perpetuates inferior infrastructure and safety standards for people of color’ (Madden, 2017, p.3). Madden (2017, p.3) exemplifies this neglect towards Grenfell residents describing the tower as a ‘stronghold for groups that have been subjected to decades of stigmatised-fuelled neglect.’ Gentrification occurs predominantly in areas racialized as non-white to increase the perceived desirability of an area, as seen by the renovation of the tower to install highly flammable cladding to the exterior to increase the appeal of the tower surrounded by wealth and influence. This rapid gentrification and governmental prioritization of white wealthy residents created an intense vulnerability of the marginalized in Grenfell Tower. The unequal presence of minority ethnic individuals in unsafe social housing is a direct result of such individuals being marginalized from wider society. It is not a coincidence that the poorest people in the borough homed in Grenfell Tower were non-white, they were there because governmental and societal structures make it near impossible to break the mold. At the time of the fire, a large portion of victims and survivors who were in desperate need of aid and rehoming, were undocumented, with the hostility and lack of empathy from the government and Prime Minister Theresa May, causing many who were in need of help unable to feel accepted and like they would not be provided with the aid they required. This governmental hostility is exemplified by the Prime Minister’s refusal to meet the residents in the aftermath of the fire.

The installation of the cladding products on the outside of the tower was one of controversy and increased opposition. The material was simply fitted in the Grenfell Tower for cost-cutting purposes, but with the choice to fit highly flammable metal panels reportedly saving contractors just short of £300,000, on a £10 million refurbishment, what made these residents in this tower block worthy of inadequate fire safety and protection? The combustibility of the cladding is well known in the construction industry after the occurrence of 20 internationally serious cladding fires preceding the 2017 fire, for example, a blaze in the United Arab Emirates at a 63-storey hotel in Dubai (Booth, 2017). So, with the dangers known, to these individuals responsible for the architecture and contractors involved in the installment, cost-saving was a much more important practice than saving the lives of those who resided inside the tower block. I cannot comprehend how such failures and neglect would have been conceivable if renovating a wealthy, predominantly white-occupied private apartment block. In addition, the forced order for those to ‘stay put’ when the fire was engulfing the tower added to the loss of life, in conjunction with the inadequate fire safety, however Preston (2019, p.25) puts this issue perfectly when discussing the effectiveness of the ‘Stay put’ order. ‘It is a surprisingly effective method of classification that if a disaster impacts working-class or BAME people the advice is to ‘stay put’ if a disaster impacts upon middle class or white people the advice is to ‘get out’. In the instance of Grenfell Tower BAME people are much more likely to be in areas more susceptible to disasters and the resources to prevent such disasters are not provided, along with the necessary aid and relief efforts.

How individuals who lived in Grenfell and their reaction to how the tragedy was perceived highlights how such people feel marginalized by society and excluded. One resident reported to the New York Times that ‘because we weren’t white no one cared when our homes were dangerous-if someone in those (wealthy) houses complained about their rubbish bins, the council would sort it out immediately (Foster, 2017).’ The fire seemed to strike a particular chord within government in its aftermath, one of regret and a sense that a community could never fail in the way that residents of North Kensington had. A turning point both nationally and locally in the treatment of social housing tenants, with immediate help for families affected falling below standard. However, these are simply words, Theresa May, the former Prime Minister made promises that have not been enacted. There are 312 social and private housing blocks encased in cladding years after the disaster, yet the government has refused to allow more funding to councils to allow them to meet the costs of fire safety. Families and individuals who occupy these social housing blocks are refused help and ignored when reporting unsafe conditions and often treated as second-class citizens due to their housing situation, yet there is little in place to help these people advance themselves further. In addition, the government when opening an inquiry refused requests for a panel-led inquiry that includes a diversity of experience and background, which would signify the experiences of those who were in Grenfell Tower at the time of the fire. This strict lack of acknowledgment as to how these individuals were affected by the fire to be represented by similar interests and backgrounds shows how the government continues to remain out of touch with wider society, those marginalized and excluded from the inquiry and decision-making process.

In the aftermath of this, the government was lobbied to grant complete amnesty and permanent right to remain for undocumented residents of the tower block, a significant sign of compassion and understanding to such devastating circumstances. The government granted survivors a temporary 12-month immigration amnesty, but the uncertainty of their future forced survivors to go under the radar and created a reluctance to aid simply out of fear of immigration status. Labour Councillor Robert Thompson questioned the presence of passion towards these individuals stating, ‘These are people who have experienced what is likely to have been the most traumatic thing in their lives, whether they lost loved ones, or were affected in other ways, and they should be granted amnesty.’ The refusal from the government to grant residents full amnesty is furthered by their slow response towards rehoming victims. Theresa May announced that all residents who lost their homes would be rehomed in a maximum of three weeks, yet six months on, more than 150 households were still in temporary accommodation (Alibhai-Brown, 2017). This embodies all that is wrong with 21st-century Britain, hideously unfair, dreadfully divided by race, and class, and those marginalized from society prevented the humane resources they so desperately needed. The tragedy of Grenfell Tower allowed an insight into the lives of the country’s poorest and most marginalized individuals, the struggles they face daily, and how their livelihoods are almost entirely reliant upon state acceptance and governmental support. Labor politician David Lammy described such groups as relying ‘absolutely on the state for where they live, the conditions in which they live and the safety and security,’ in the case of Grenfell, all the stated conditions were breached out of pure greed. Local authorities placed the necessity to please the wealthy in surrounding areas over the health and safety of the residents in social housing. Seen when adding cladding to the building for aesthetics, and reports of inadequate safety and security were ignored purely due to the racialization process of the individuals involved.

racialization had a significant impact on the Grenfell Tower fire. I’ve already discussed how concerns for the safety of the building were increasingly ignored due to the ‘us’ versus ‘other’ divide identified within the racialization process, those who are deemed worthy of support and recognition compared to others. Here El-Enany (2017) makes a comparison of treatment to that of the colonial era. He claimed that the ‘faces now smiling back at us from missing persons posters could not escape their condition of coloniality-the hyper-segregation and differential quality of life in North Kensington residents mirror the practice of the colonial era.’ Most Grenfell victims were non-white, there is no conceivable way to dispute this fact, the pure reason that such a majority of non-white individuals occupied flats in Grenfell Tower was due to the constant subjugation and control of such racialized people. They find themselves in social housing, a deprivation that so many find near impossible to break, especially with such little government support and initiatives to embed non-white people into wider society, occupied by the majority white ‘deserving’ population. The cycle of deprivation regarding poverty and social housing referred to is perfectly exampled by the fact that most of the children who reside above the fourth floor of a tower block in England are black or Asian (Dorling, 2011). For these children, high-rise living is not a luxury, but a result of their marginalization in society which has prevented integration, success, and advancement for the minorities living in social housing, especially those who were undocumented at the time of the fire. The fire and those who were so disproportionately affected as victims of the ‘other’, showed a ‘stark reminder of whose voices get listened to in modern Britain, and whose don’t, and that dichotomy can have deadly consequences (Baker-Jordan, 2017). In this instance, a deadly consequence occurred. The biggest inequality in British society was exposed for all to see, the voices of those deemed to be not worthy of response were not loud enough to allow them access to adequate health and safety precautions.

To conclude, the role of racialization and marginalization in the Grenfell Tower fire and its aftermath is indisputable. The people who died in the tower block on June 14th, 2017 were there because they were both primarily people of color, and because they were poor. Requests for their safety to be improved were repeatedly ignored, and those who remained undocumented at the time of the fire were not provided with adequate support and reassurance in the aftermath, forcing many to go without much-needed aid. The makeup of Grenfell Tower was the combined effects of class and race, significant in how ethnic minorities are more prevalent to be working class, both in wage and occupation, but the discrimination they experience within this determines them worthy of inadequate safety and support in the aftermath of arguably the most traumatic experience they will ever face.