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Censer is a freestanding device with a handle ending in side head. Its bearing consists of three paw-like feet; it also has a plain cylindrical platform. The top of the censer is shaped in the form of dome with slots serving for vine evaporation. The style of openwork can be identified with the censer from catalogue 111 submitted by the Dumbarton Oaks collection so that both artifacts are referred to the 6th century.
Bronze censer served for burning incense and they were used in orthodox churches as in the course of Divine Liturgy. This object helped to create the divine atmosphere for communication with God and pure praying. Hence, bronze censer was the part of numerous rituals practiced by the churches and constituted an inherent condition for performing those worships. In the 5th and 6th century’s Byzantine, those objects were considered as sacred ones and therefore there were carefully designed and made of precious materials.
At the present moment, censer is exhibiting at University of Toronto Art Centre donated by Dr. Lillian. According to the book “Malcove collection” the censer was purchased by Dr. Lillian Malcove from Blumka Gallery, New York in January 1967. Dr. Lillian is art collector who entrust her captivating collection of more than 500 objects to the University of Toronto in 1981.
The bronze censer closely resembles the Chinese censors that had different sizes and application. Still, the similarity is viewed in a three paw-shaped feet construction and refined open work on the top of the head. Censers for divine rituals can also be found in many outstanding museums all the censers of 6th century had the same dome-shape cover for the fire. In particular, the openwork, perhaps, dates from 4th or 5th AD in Byzantine and was made for specific rituals.
Bibliography
Mibrun, Robert. Early Christian art and architecture. US: University of California Press, 1988.
Sutton, Denys. “Dumbarton Oaks”. Apollo Magazine Ltd. 1984, 119, no. 266.
Terrance, Callan. “Year for Priests” The Athenaeum of Ohio. 2009.
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