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The four core concepts of nursing, commonly known as the fundamental metaparadig
The four core concepts of nursing, commonly known as the fundamental metaparadigms of the nursing profession, are the patient, nurse, health, and environment. All nursing theories share these ideas, which create a basis for the creation of theories and conceptual models (Gore & Finfgeld-Connelly, 2020). The patient metaparadigm encompasses the physical, psychological, spiritual, and social aspects of a person and focuses on the individual’s experience of illness and health. It looks at the overall well-being of the patient, including physical, mental, spiritual, and social components (Cox, 2020). The nurse metaparadigm involves the role of the nurse in providing health care and includes aspects such as knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The nurse must also have the capacity to assess, plan, carry out, and assess the effectiveness of interventions. The health metaparadigm involves the concept of health and well-being and includes physical, psychological, spiritual, and social aspects. It focuses on the individual’s experience of health and illness and includes aspects such as prevention, promotion, and maintenance of health. The environment metaparadigm involves the concept of the environment and its influence on health and well-being. It encompasses the physical, social, and psychological aspects of the environment and the impact it has on health. It also includes the concept of the nurse’s ability to promote health in the environment (Gore & Finfgeld-Connelly, 2020).
To conclude, the four metaparadigms of nursing create the basis for the evolution of theories and conceptual models in nursing. These include the patient metaparadigm, which focuses on the individual’s holistic experience of health and illness; the nurse metaparadigm, which addresses the nurse’s role in providing health care; the health metaparadigm, which emphasizes the individual’s experience of health and illness and prevention, promotion, and maintenance of health; and the environment metaparadigm, which looks at the impact of the environment on health. All these metaparadigms are essential in understanding the theory and practice of nursing (Cox, 2020).
I would select the Health Belief Model as an applicable middle-range theory for my current nursing practice. The Health Belief Model was developed by Becker in 1974 and is a cognitive-perceptual model of health behavior. It focuses on how people perceive threats to their health and how this perception influences their health-related behavior. According to the model, people are more likely to engage in preventive health behaviors if they perceive the threat of a health problem as serious, believe that they can do something to prevent it, and have the motivation to do so (Gomez & Aspinwall, 2020).
I consider this theory to be suitable for my clinical field because it emphasizes the importance of understanding patient’s beliefs and attitudes about their health. In my area of practice, I often encounter patients who are reluctant to engage in preventive health behaviors, such as taking medication, following a healthy lifestyle, or getting regular health screenings. By understanding their beliefs and attitudes about their health, I can work with my patients to adjust their perceptions of the risk of the health problem and increase their motivation to engage in preventive health behaviors.
References
Butts, J. B., & Rick, K.L. (2017) Philosophies and theories for advance nursing practice (3rd
ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN: 9781284112245
Cox, A. B. (2020). The Four Metaparadigms of Nursing: Person, Health, Environment, and
Nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly, 33(2), 122–126.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318420915959
Gomez, A. E., & Aspinwall, L. G. (2020). Health belief model: A middle-range theory for health
promotion and disease prevention. The Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52(3), 302-309. https://doi:10.1111/jnu.12584
Gore, M. S., & Finfgeld-Connelly, T. (2020). Four Metaparadigms of Nursing: Person,
Environment, Health, and Nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly, 33(1), 6-10.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318419897638
Peterson, S. J., & Bredow, T. S. (2019). Middle range theories: Application to nursing research
and practice (5th ed.). LWW. ISBN: 978197510811
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