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e-Medicine Description
E-medicine / telemedicine
- Use electronic means for medical data transfer;
- Performing clinical practices;
- Medical record keeping, data processing, and information sharing;
- Teleconsultation (Isabalija, Mbarika, & Kituyi, 2013).
e-medicine or telemedicine is an innovative solution enhancing health service deliver. It is based on electronic platforms to transfer medical data from different locations. At advanced stages, e-medicine is deployed to support or provide clinical services through telecommunication methods, such as teleconferencing (Isabalija, Mbarika, & Kituyi, 2013). Simple usages include keeping of medical records, data capture, data processing, and information sharing. Further, e-medicine is effective for teleconsultation, which involves consultancy services to patients and/or physicians.
Factor responsible
- The Internet;
- Smartphones / technologies;
- Savvy healthcare consumerism / educated patients;
- Information revolution;
- Innovation and Quality Improvement efforts (Om, 2015).
The Internet is largely responsible for driving e-Medicine. In addition, increased usages of communication mobile devices and networks across the world have increased the applications of such devices in healthcare delivery. Educated patients continue to use technologies and demand flexibility while information revolution supports knowledge acquisition (Om, 2015). Constant innovation and the need for Quality Improvement in the healthcare industry are also responsible for e-Medicine growth.
e-Medicine Benefits
- Overcome geographical limitations;
- Enhanced access to healthcare;
- Cost-cutting;
- Speed up referral processes;
- Eliminate unnecessary referrals;
- Improve care quality and reduce readmission (Isabalija et al., 2013).
e-medicine offers some benefits in situations where access to healthcare is constrained with various factors. Geographical location limits accessibility to healthcare services and resources. It reduces cost while improving access (Isabalija et al., 2013). e-medicine enhances communication and speed of referrals, eliminates unnecessary referrals, readmissions while advancing Quality Improvement.
Telehealth Description
Telehealth
- Means of providing healthcare services and public health via information and communication technologies;
- Facilitates:
-
- Diagnosis;
- Consultation;
- Treatment;
- Education;
- Care management;
- Patient self-management (American Hospital Association, 2015).
Telehealth is a method of providing healthcare services and public health through information and communication technologies. It facilitates diagnosis, consultation, treatment, education, care management, and patient self-management when the patient and the physician are in different locations. It enhances patient self-management and caregiver support for patients and includes synchronous relations and asynchronous store and forward transfers (American Hospital Association, 2015).
Telehealth Traditional Modalities
Real-Time:
- Live video-conferencing.
Store-and-Forward:
- Videos, digital images, audio, and clinical data captured and transferred to physician.
Remote Patient Monitoring:
- Patient data captured to monitor patient remotely (American Hospital Association, 2015).
Traditional, telehealth has operated on three modalities. Real-time involves live communication between the patient and provider. It involves the use of video conferencing to support telepsychiatry, telehomecare, telecardiology and remote consults (teleconsults) with specialists, primary care physicians, counselors, social workers and other health care professionals (American Hospital Association, 2015).
Store and forward is a mode that allows images, videos, audios, and clinical data to be captured, stored and forwarded to physicians for analysis. It is common in teledermatology and telepathology.
Finally, remote Monitoring collects data from sensors and monitoring devices for remote monitoring of chronic conditions, such as diabetes, heart diseases, and asthma among others.
