Information Systems: Critical Issues and Innovative Approaches

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Table of Contents

Abstract
Introduction
Thesis statement
Approach
Implications
Conclusion
References

Abstract

Technological changes are happening at so fast a rate that organizations have to constantly remodel their strategies in order to beat competition. One of the major changes that institutions have had to undergo is the installation of reliable information systems such as office automation regimens. This paper seeks to evaluate the various reviews that have been carried out to report on changes in information technology and more-so in the planning and implementation of information systems.

In order to attain the proposed goal of this project, extensive reading of available literature on information systems was carried out. Books, journals, periodicals and web sources were used as research material to provide data on information systems design and planning. Subsystems such the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and managerial aspects like enterprise resource planning were also included in the analysis. Findings that were made were then taken through a rigorous critical study process and changes were recommended in certain key areas of information systems implementation that were not seen to operate at optimum levels.

Introduction

With technological changes modulating virtually every aspect of life, organizations and businesses have not been left behind. Office automation via networking systems has come to be a key determinant in the reduction of operation costs. The gradual mutation of information systems calls for organizations to invest in infrastructure for the integration of these systems. The key objective of this project is to analyze the planning, designing and implementation of information systems.

Thesis statement

An analysis of different organizations and businesses reveals that success lies in how the available information technology products are applied; in particular information systems linking the various ranks of administration have been found to improve on managerial efficiency.

Approach

The prime source of information that has guided this paper has exclusively been literature on the research topic available in books, journals, periodicals and online publications. This report as well shall serve to draw parallels between information systems that were used in yesteryears and the ones being used today.

Preliminary research has shown that critical analyses are very important in the planning process. Strategies and visions of administration should be adhered to. These groundwork-findings have also demonstrated that critical systems thinking (CST) which encourages the education of stakeholders on the new changes serves to make the implementation as effective as possible. Theories like autopoiesis which fosters mutual respect have been found to be very instrumental in the planning process and will be studied in depth in this paper.

Implications

This thesis aims at analyzing relevant and documented background data on information systems and their application. The strength of this research lies in the illustration of how these systems have been used in real-life situations and their major shortcomings. The major goal of this paper is to establish the major changes that can be made in the usage of information technology products by enterprises both private and government owned in order to increase efficiency levels in service provision. To this end, this paper will dedicate a few pages to enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.

Conclusion

This project has been informative as much as it has fulfilled its intended purpose of analyzing written academic material on the implementation of information systems. Comparisons of various institutions successes and failures when it comes to the usage of information technology have been made and recommendations made on the best systems to use. However, it is worth noting that changes are constantly happening in the technological arena and as such in a few years time this thesis will have to be re-evaluated and updated in order to include the positive changes that will have been made.

References

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Brooke, C. (2002). Critical Perspectives on Information Systems: An Impression of the Research Landscape, Journal of Information Technology 17(4): 27183.

Bueno, S. and Salmeron, J. L. (2008). TAM-based success modeling in ERP. Interacting with Computers, 20 515-523.

Ciborra, C. (1994) The Grassroots of IT Strategy, in C. Ciborra and T. Jelassi (eds) Strategic Information Systems: A European Perspective, pp. 324. Chichester: John Wiley.

Córdoba, J. (2007). Developing inclusion and critical reflection in information systems planning. Organization 2007, 14(6), 909-927.

Gable, G., Chan, T., and Tan, W. (2003). Offsetting ERP risk through maintaining standardized application software. In Shanks, G., P. Seddon, and L. Willcocks, Second-wave enterprise resource planning systems: implementing for effectiveness. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 221.

Grabski, S., Leech, S., and Lu, B. (2003). Enterprise system implementation risks and controls. In Shanks, G., P. Seddon, and L. Willcocks, Second-wave enterprise resource planning systems: implementing for effectiveness. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 135.

Harmon, J. & Anderson, S. (2003). The design and implementation of geographic information systems. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Holland, C. P. and Light, B. (2003). A framework for understanding success and failure in enterprise resource planning system implementation. In Shanks, G., P. Seddon, and L. Willcocks, Second-wave enterprise resource planning systems: implementing for effectiveness. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 180.

Holsapple, C. W., Wang, Y., and Wu, J. (2005). Empirically testing user characteristics and fitness factors in enterprise resource planning success. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 19 (3), 323-342.

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Jenson, R. L. and Johnson, I. R., (2000). Chapter 3: Enterprise Resource Planning System as a strategic solution. In J. M. Myerson, Enterprise Systems Integration (Second Edition). Florida: CRC Press LLC. pp. 29-34.

Lyytinen, K. and Hirschheim, R. (1987). Information Systems Failures A Survey and Classifi cation of the Empirical Literature, Oxford Surveys in Information Technology 4: 257309.

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