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World’s largest rain forest, Amazon has been burning for over 16 days now and holds the risk of burning out completely. Contributing almost 20 percent of the earth’s oxygen, the rainforest is in a major loss of trees and biodiversity. It will get completely burned out if it is not put out soon. The impact of the fire can already be seen in different regions in South America including the Atlantic coast and Sao Paulo. Located about thousands of kilometers away from the burning fire, Sao Paulo plunged into sudden darkness around 3 pm on August, the 19th. A dark, smoky cover seemed to envelop the city and the rain that poured down smelled like smoke.
As it is a dry season in the southern Amazon, forest fires are quite common in there during this period, but 2019 has seen an unrivalled rise in the number of the fires and their intensity. The most troublesome point is that the burning has increased at a time when there is a huge fall in the rates of deforestation in Brazilian Amazon. Environmentalists believe that about 99% of the forest fires are the result of human actions, either on purpose or by accident. Farmers and ranchers use fire generally to clear the land for further utilisation. Again, the fires fit perfectly into the established seasonal agricultural pattern. This is the most suitable time to burn as the vegetation is dry now. Farmers generally wait for the dry season to start burning and clearing areas so that their cattle can graze. And peak of the dry season is yet to come in September. The environmentalists hugely of the opinion Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro is at blame for the forest fires. When Bolsonaro was running for president, he promised to restore Brazil’s economy by exploring the economic potential of the Amazon rainforest. According to environmentalists, Bolsonaro encouraged the farmers and ranchers to exploit the rainforest, leading to its burning.
The fire has been burning at the highest rate. There have been around 72,843 fires in Brazil in 2019 itself, with more than half in the Amazon rainforest. This shows an 80% increase in fires during the same period in 2018. Scientists say that the Amazon rainforest fire could deliver a huge blow to the global fight against climate change. The fire will also release excess CO2 into the atmosphere other than the major loss of trees and biodiversity. The fires release pollutants including particulate matter and toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and non-methane organic compounds into the atmosphere
Amazon rainforest, considered to be as Earth’s lungs is very important to slow down global warming. The rainforest is currently home to uncountable species of fauna and flora. While the immediate impact of the fire would be changes in the heating of the regional atmosphere, in the long term it is expected to lead to a potential decline in natural carbon. Thus, the planet cannot survive without Amazon.
For now, Bolivia is extending its help by contracting its Boeing 747 ‘Supertanker’ to help put out the fire. The supertanker is expected to be put in operations from August 23rd. The announcement was made by Bolivia’s President Evo Morales on August 21st, 2019. ‘Supertanker’ has the capacity to carry more water than any other aircraft in the world.
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