WMD in Modern Warfare: The Issue of the World`s Peace

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The history of the United States and such Eastern countries as Iraq and Afghanistan are indissoluble parts of the contemporary world in the aspect of politics, economics, and culture. Still, the conflict with Iraq and Afghanistan has a historical background. After the Gulf War, the question of nuclear weapon and their liquidation and termination of the programs on chemical and bacteriological weapons became highly important in the aspect of world peace. The special commission of the UNO was created to supervise the process of liquidation (Davis 62). Still, in 1998 Iraq refused to follow the policy of collaboration in the question of the destructive weapon. The political situation caused the introduction of Iraqi no-fly zones. As a result, since the 1990s there were constant conflicts between the UNO commission and Iraq. After the resolution of the United Nations Security Council in 2002, Saddam Hussein agreed to the commission return. Compared with the mission in Afghanistan, which was the war against terrorism, the mission in Iraq was meant to control and provide citizens of Iraq with safety. Moreover, the threat of nuclear, chemical, and bacteriological weapons impended not only the American community, but over the rest representatives of the world community (Weiss, Crahan, and Goering 3).

Although there is an idea that the main participants of the second war in Iraq were the United States and Iraq itself, many other countries were involved in it. Of course, it is nonsense to admit that Moldavia was a highly important member of the coalition in the war. Still, its membership was a step that demonstrated the wish to provide world peace. Even though such countries as Russia, France, Germany, China, and India refused to become members of the coalition against Iraq, more than thirty other countries became supported the USA during the mission. The most influential members of the coalition were the USA itself, and Great Britain. Both countries spent huge amounts of money not only on military activities but also on help for citizens during the war (Pelletiere 24).

Speaking about Iraq’s nuclear programs one should take into account a report for the CIA chief written on 30.9.2004. It says, that Iraq had completely hidden its program of nuclear weapon development from the U.N.O., though, according to the cease-fire conditions the country had not only destroyed all existing reserves of WMD and programs of its production and development but also gave proves of the fulfillment of claimed clauses. Still, Iraq rejected these demands, and four years after 1991 the country continued to develop WMD, and this fact is provable. (Nuclear)

During the period of war in Iraq and after it mass media reported, that there were several reasons for the necessity of USA intervention. Firstly, America put forth an accusation of keeping weapons of mass destruction against Iraq. The fact contradicted U.N.O. resolutions. At the same time, there were some rumors, that President Bush was inclined to attack Iraq by American oil industry workers. Still, it does not imply that this factor was the first guiding reason for American army forces’ intervention. The fact that Iraq did not agree to admit U.N.O. regulators and did not follow resolution 1441 meant that the government indeed had what to hide. Unwillingness to pass the weapon of mass destruction inspection was very suspicious.

At the same time, the USA got into a very difficult situation, when inspection teams did not find the weapon of mass destruction. Though, besides other factors, these teams were small enough so they faced difficulties with investigating such a big country as Iraq. Besides, the fact was conditioned by a scandalous case in the CIA. Still, there were numerous mentions that thanks to a slackening of CIA tension weapons were secretly taken away. Still, inspection teams found in Iraq remain of WMD and programs of its producing and development. Terms, required for restoration of these problems, might have required from three months to two years. (WMD Profiles: Biological, WMD Profiles: Chemical)

Speaking about solutions and sources for a just peace one should think over the policy of the coalition. There is not a defined strategy of suggesting ways how to end the war and establish peace. The thing is that the policy of the United States, as well as its allies, is not clarified yet (Lansford and Pauly 134). During the history of the war, the aim and strategies changed constantly. There were several approaches to the establishment of peace. For example, one of the solutions was the disarmament of Iraq, which was not successful and caused reinforcement of the confrontation. Unconvincing ideas of the United States and Great Britain caused suspicious attitudes towards the whole mission from other world communities. Still, non-demonstrative inference does not mean the absence of the phenomenon which should be proved. Nevertheless, it is obvious that the process of proving the fact that Iraq develops weapons of mass destruction should be more circumspect (Shimko 210). As a result of an unsuccessful search for pieces of evidence, the United States set influential countries against itself. Another unsuccessful step of the fight with Iraq was the decision to change the regime in Baghdad, and the most striking was the wide-ranging project on the transformation of the whole Middle East. In other words, the main reason for the unsuccessful tactic of establishing peace in the aspect of the war with Iraq is the absence of a clarified and defined strategy. In other words, the main task the American and British governments should do is to reconsider their policy on establishing democracy in the territory of Iraq (Samāddāra 124).

This year the United States officially left the territory of Iraq. Still, the question of peace duration is highly topical. Major General Anthony Cucolo admits that even though many soldiers are still on the territory of Iraq, the strategy of peace maintenance is defined at least for the 2011 years (Webel and Galtung 68). It is difficult to think over the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the USA policy would be clear only in several years. Many people compare the US mission in Iraq with the war in Afghanistan. However, the two conflicts had different origins. The conflict with Iraq was an aftereffect to maintain peace in the world and prevent Iraq from using the weapon of mass destruction. The war in Afghanistan was a reply to terroristic acts of the Taliban. That is why one cannot judge these two political situations equally. In other words, the changed strategy of the government gives hope that peace in Iraq is established for the long term.

Works Cited

Davis, Eric. Strategies for Promoting Democracy in Iraq. Philadelphia: DIANE Publishing, 2008. Print.

Lansford, Tom, and Pauly, Robert. Strategic Preemption: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Second Iraq War. London: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2005. Print.

Nuclear. Iraq’s WMD. n.p. 2004. Web.

Pelletiere, Stephen C. The Iran-Iraq War: Chaos in a Vacuum. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1992. Print.

Samāddāra, Raṇabīra. Peace Studies: an Introduction to the Concept, Scope, and Themes. Thousand Oaks: SAGE, 2004. Print.

Shimko, Keith. The Iraq Wars and America’s Military Revolution. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Webel, Charles, and Galtung, Johan. Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies. Taylor & Francis, 2007. Print.

Weiss, Thomas G., Margaret E. Crahan, and John Goering, eds. Wars on Terrorism and Iraq: Human Rights, Unilateralism, and U.S. Foreign Policy. New York: Routledge, 2004.Print

WMD Profiles: Biological. Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control. n.d. Web.

WMD Profiles: Chemical. Wisconsin Project on Nuclear Arms Control. n.d. Web.

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WMD in Modern Warfare: The Issue of the World`s Peace

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