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Executive Summary
The outlook for Australian tourism in 2009. In late December 2008 and early January, 2009, the Tourism Forecasting Committee gave out its latest anticipated for both domestic and inbound tourism as well as outbound tourism. For 2009, the committee estimated a decline in inbound onsets of about 4.1%, domestic tourist nights of about 0.9%, while outbound going away was estimated at 2.9%.
This paper identifies five key current issues that are related to tourism and grade them in order of their significance on tourism industry. The positioning is based on what impact a particular issue has on tourism and how long it can last.
However, there is anticipation of increased tourism because of marketing competition systems that have been strategizing in main market places, like in airlines and National Tourism Offices that hunt for to defending market share besides planning on how to counter the economic downturn that is affecting the world. Likewise, it is anticipated that a number of Governments will be sought to persuade their nationals to holiday at home (Australia).
Introduction
Tourism is among the largest key industries around the world and is of fastidious significance towards the economies of several developing as well as developed countries along with rising markets. As an important basis of foreign exchange earnings and employment, the tourism sector may offer a great perspective meant for growth and development. On the other hand, there have been great anxieties concerning the social in addition to environmental problems which can be caused by uncontrolled tourism.
On the other hand, the indigenous peoples need to be perceived as main contributors toward ecotourism. As customary custodians of their lands, indigenous peoples must contribute to ecotourism industry because of their close acquaintance with the eco-systems they extensively safeguarded.
Modern development in tourist Hotpoint
On April 25, 2009, the article titled ‘‘rather than compete with Dubai’s glitz, Doha is building its reputation as a five-star cultural capital”, by Leisa Tyler appeared in The Age. This article represented a vital tourism-related issue, that of modern development in tourist Hotpoint. Two decades ago, one could experience the sands shifting in Doha, the languid capital of Qatar, since the area was not well ventured. In the current times, the noise has turned to originate from the city’s changing skyline. The oil-rich Arab-Emirate is nowadays alive with modern buildings, as shiny skyscrapers rise from the scorching sands as well as from geometric artificial islands which appear in the sea.
The modern structures tend to attract tourists from different destinations because of the good shelters and social amenities that are tied to them. Many tourists will wish to tour the cities that have current facilities with services offered under one roof.
Impact on tourism
Modern development in tourist Hotpoint in major cities around the world like Dubai is key attraction in the tourism industry. Most tourists come from developed countries and will admire to go to countries or cities with close matching housing facilities should grantee the good comfort.
Ranking and justification
Since tourism is a service industry, it means that the product is consumed at the same time as it is being generated. The issue of modern development has necessitated the application of modern technology in the industry. The incorporation of good communication media and transport services has even simplified the provision of services within the tourism industry. Moreover, the customer services have been made easy because of good communication, which offers good services to the tourists, through quick response to their needs. Since the aim of customer service is to keep the customers happy, if the service results in customer backlash and makes them unhappy, the whole purpose of customer service is defeated. Since customer is the king in tourism, and customer service related issue has to be ranked at number one.
Economic downturn
Financial services are intended to offer travelers right to use spendable cash (accepted currency in all destinations) or else toward credit. This incorporates things like, money exchange facilities available in places of interest, credit cards, and travelers’ cheques, disposable cash cards as well as travel Insurance. On April 27, 2009, the article named, ”Region’s tourism reels as business traveling cut back” is as a result of the current recession being experienced around the world. These have impacted negatively to majority of financial services. For instance, it has called off the opera premier and a ballet tour of Mexico. Around the whole world countries have been threatened by the experience of economic downturn. Countries like
Ireland, Spain and South Africa have experienced their foreign earnings on tourism and real estate prices going down. In addition, the collapse of U.S. automakers has brought a tremendous effect to travel and tour industry in Canada, Mexico, Australia and Germany. The international monetary fund has predicted that this is the first time that the whole worldwide economy will contract.
Impact on tourism
In periods of an economic downturn, tourism is one of the primary industries to be affected. Spending on tourism is a supplementary expenditure, hence; when discretionary income is low, people are like to cut back on such unnecessary expenditure. An economic downturn affects the push factors of tourism, with people putting off tourism for the more prosperous times. The citizens are faced with more responsibilities when it comes to the distribution of the available money in meeting their needs. The main cause that is believed to have caused economic downturn in the whole world is the increase in oil prices. Tourism managers have the responsibility to help tourists in dealing with various problems during economic downturn.
There is fear in the whole world that there will be no more new productions. Budget constraints in Russia have forced a failure in tour to Mexico. This is highly influenced by the increase in oil and gas prices that have risen and affected the economies of the whole world. The country had canceled productions before because we were not satisfied with the artistic value. Productions in the theatre have been canceled due to financial crisis in Russia. There is uncertainty at the Bolshoi and this is a good representative of the problems that Russia is facing. This is a result of swift economic disorder that is hitting hard to the national standards. It is difficult for Russia to cope with the prices of oil that are going up everyday and the popular Book berry bookstores are going insolvent.
Ranking and justification
In view of the fact that an economic downturn in tourism generating areas could have such a profound impact on a tourism target areas, for this reason economic issues are particularly imperative. Nevertheless, even for the duration of a recession, modern development within the Hotpoint is more significant compared to whatever thing.
Safety and security
The current happenings around the world like terrorist activities and the current outbreak of swine flu in part of Latin America are safety and security issues that affect the tourism industry adversely. The recently published article on The Age, by Robinson, signifies the outbreak of the swine flu has negatively affected the movement of people to various places.
Moreover, the threats of terrorist groups to bomb some cities around the world have also been another safety issue in the tourist industry. This has been so, because of the targets of citizens from certain nations that try to combat the terrorists’ acts. The issue of security has led to serious scrutiny of visitors entering the major cities around the world.
Impact on tourism
Governments of certain nations have warned their citizens not to tour or visit some cities or countries because of either social or political turmoil. For instance, the Australian foreign embassy on The Age, dated April 13, 2009, warned its citizens not to enter Bangkok for the reason that the country has political chaos. War, civil unrest, terrorist activities and outbreak of a contagious disease are some of these factors.
The outbreak of contagious diseases tend to adversely affect the tourism industry, though, the outbreak of swine flu has not been determined to which extent it can take, but if the trend remains constant as experienced from the past contagious diseases like Bird flu and SARS then the industry is geared towards shocks. Many tourists have postponed their tours to even countries that have not been affected, to first wait for the WHO reports on this disease before they resume traveling to various destinations.
Moreover, the current crusade to turn down on alcohol as well as binge drinking is thought to demonize the efficient operation of the tourism industry. Some company owners which produce alcohol have disputed this commentary as they claim that the liberties of their customers are under severe public analysis.
Ranking and justifications
Safety and security is a key consideration in the tourism industry. The parties involved have to be sure of their safety before moving to their destinations. The issue was ranked third because they tend to be temporary as compare to economic downturn and the modern development in Hotpoint.
Tourist destinations
Different destinations have different attractions. According to Dugald Jellie on 25th April, 2009 on The Age ‘‘stands in the desert at El Alamein, the last great killing field of Australian soldiers where the war was turned.’’ This was intended to commemorate an Australian soldier honors at El Alamein Military Museum in the desert which was a great killing field where Australian soldiers, the place is 100kilometers from Alexandria. This has been a great tourist center for many people who visit Australia who tours the country during the month of Memory of War. The writing on the grave reads ‘‘I WILL REMEMBER, JOHNNIE,’’, a grave of S.H. Johnson’s who was a volunteer infantryman of the Australian 2/43 Battalion, he was killed while attacking Germans in the morning within the Western Desert. On the other hand, there is a grave headstone that reads ‘‘JUST MEMORIES, MY PETO,’’ this grave for Peter Munyard, who was a sergeant in the Royal Australian Air Force.
Impact on terrorism
The field is very attractive as the federal government of Australia has beautified it as a commemoration site as a monument of the fallen heroes. The graves are arranged in neat rows on exposed ground on top of a gentle rise overlooking the last great killing field of Australian men. Many tourists tour this place to pay respects to the great Australian men and to comprehend the pilgrimage of sorts, in this Commonwealth War Cemetery. Many tourists tour this place to pay tribute to the departed souls and also have leisure in the site.
The place is taken care of by caretakers salaried by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission who tend ornamental succulents, oleander as well as olives, planted on bare earth between headstones, devastating in figure and arranged in patterns to bestow an order of wild death. Of the 7970 men buried, about 1234 are Australian.
Ranking and justifications
Since tourist destinations matter a lot in the tourism industry, it tends to affect where the tourist will tour. Those regions with attractive sceneries will tend to attract more people to come and see as they have leisure. However, the tourist destination is not very significant as the previously mentioned issues, thus why is rated the fourth issue.
Growing Global Concern for the Environment
The growing concern for in the surroundings has paid attention to the growth as well as development of the Travel and Tourism industry. On one hand, this industry might be seen to affect negatively with increasing numbers of visitors toward sensitive regions, thus need for the industry to make enormous potential in lifting up the environmental awareness.
Impact on tourism
In current years, policymakers within environmentally sensitive places have deemed the imposition of boundary taxes or exceptional tourist taxes on the way to counterbalance the negative effects of the industry as well as to curtail tourist flows. There has been a call on implementation of policies to cover environmentally well-matched development in achieving sound and rational fiscal goals.
Ranking and justification
The growing global concern for the environment has less adverse on the tourism industry. Because, the policymakers will always make positive resolutions on the industry, this is the reason, why the issue was rated the 5th.
Conclusion and recommendations
Several industrialized states are being faced with increasing fiscal deficits at a national level. For instance, Germany, Japan as well as US have lately taken on key tax reform plan as an attempt to decrease deficits. The consequences of these involvements have been dual (Waryzak 2000, p.322). To start with, in the hunt for impending revenue resources, governments seem to focus more on taxing Tourism industry. Secondly, in general, local governments receive less revenue and share the funds from the state-run level and for that reason, they have aimed at taxing Tourism industry en route for compensation of these losses.
For instance, the United Kingdom has projected a £5 leaving tax for all flights transporting the UK tourists to destinations in the EC, plus a £10 departure tax for destinations outside the European Community. About £330 million of projected revenue from the discriminatory tax will be incorporated in reducing a central government deficit of roughly £50 billion. Further discriminatory financial plan proposals in Scandinavia plus Australia were in recent times rejected.
Policymakers should formulate policies that are tourist-friendly, to encourage both the foreign and domestic tourism. On the other hand, the Tourism Forecasting Committee should project real trends in tourism to help the investors plan on how to develop their businesses.
References
Richardson, J., & Fluker, M. 2008. “Understanding and Managing Tourism, 2nd Edition” Pearson Education, Frenchs Forest, Australia.
Weaver, D & Opperman, M 2000. “Tourism Management,” John Wiley and Sons.
Waryzak, R. & King, B 2000. “Tourists and taxis: An examination of the tourism transport interface,” Journal of Vacation Marketing, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 318-328.
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