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The research work, that I would like to discuss, is aimed at exploring archeological sites, commonly found in the United Kingdom, which are usually known as Fulacht fiadh. The researcher presents a comprehensive study of these historical monuments; however, some statements, made by the author, can be disputed.
First, it is argued that in the overwhelming majority of cases, Fulacht fiadh can be found in Ireland, though archeological findings indicate that similar constructions exist not only in Ireland but also in other parts of the British Isles. Probably, it would be more prudent to widen the scope of research and take into consideration Fulacht fiadh, excavated in England, Wales, Scotland, and the Isle of Man.
Another controversial point of this research is the restrictions, made by the author. It is said, that there are many types of Fulacht fiadh sites, therefore, this study should focus only on “classical” types of this construction. However, it is not quite clear on which criterion classical types are singled out. Archeologists do not favor such division; because historical monuments, which are usually classified as Fulacht fiadh sites, are not always similar to each other and it is difficult to find any traditional pattern or certain deviations from this pattern. The description of a classical Fulacht fiadh presented in the paper is often disputed. The main reason for it is that there are very few obligatory elements, for instance, burnt mound, or fireplace. Such parts as potboiler or hearth are not always present. Thus, it is hardly possible to speak of the “classical” sites.
Additionally, analyzing different theories as to the functioning of Fulacht fiadh constructions, the author argues that they served many purposes. Naturally, the multi-functional approach seems to be the most convenient in this case. Supporters of this theory state that Fulacht fiadh were used for bathing, cooking, or even dying however, it should be borne in mind that such an approach was not quite typical of people living in the Bronze Age. In addition to that, archaeologists state that there is no evidence indicating that Fulacht fiadh were used for cooking because the remnants of animal bones or foodstuff are very rarely found. As it has already been mentioned that the researcher takes a multi-functional approach to this issue, but such interpretation disregards the fact, that multi-functionalism was alien to prehistoric people.
The author views Fulacht fiadh findings as various manifestations of the same phenomenon, but probably, these monuments are entirely different constructions. Naturally, such a statement may seem unorthodox to say the least. However, the findings of archeologists suggest, there is no distinct pattern; so maybe, Fulacht fiadh should be treated as the same construction.
Furthermore, according to this research, the troughs were filled with only water. At first, glance this statement can be easily taken for granted (especially considering the fact, that Fulacht fiadh are usually found close to water sources). Probably, it would be better to use the term “liquid” in this case, because even now, archeologists have not come up with any definite answer to this question. It is often debated whether prehistoric people filled the troughs with water or with some other liquid.
In conclusion, I would like to say that the attempts to interpret archeological findings within the context of multi-functionalism can often result in errors in misconceptions, because such an approach adapts historic facts to its theory, though it should be done vice versa.
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