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Today, the era of technology tends to ease and revolutionize the processes used in criminology while making them more advanced and accurate. Consequently, describing chemical tests, understanding the analysis of paint, and determining the methods to define the origin of the fire are the main goals of the paper. Focusing on them will help understand the pivotal role of different analyses in criminology.
Series of tests that a forensic drug chemist would conduct to identify a white powder as containing cocaine with an approximate purity of 80%
In the first place, it is vital to describe a series of tests to identify that the powder is cocaine containing. This analysis is of paramount importance since it will assist in finding illegal drugs. Found materials have to be weighted to identify the compliance of the presented powder with 80% purity with characteristics of the same amount of cocaine. The next step is organizing a presumptive test that will help recognize the presence of the drug by its reaction with the reagent and its ability to change color (Siegel, 2016).
Thus, before that, it is critical to ensure the relevance of the selected test in the context since some elements may cross-react or show similar responses to the reagents (Siegel, 2016). Conducting a confirmatory test such as mass spectrometry is significant to separate the drug from premises and identify its percentage in the powder (Siegel, 2016). After that, the drug has to be classified to determine whether it is illegal or not. Comparing its chemical characteristics with the established patterns will assist in identifying its nature.
The proper collection and preservation of paint evidence from an automobile suspected of being involved in a hit-and-run incident. Paint that is foreign to the suspect automobile is observed on the hood.
Alternatively, the analysis of paint can also provide valuable insights about the accident by establishing a connection between the participants of the accident, victims, and automobiles involved. In the first place, it is necessary to send the pedestrian’s clothes to the laboratory, as they may have transfers of paint from the car and ease the investigation process of a hit-and-run accident (Siegel & Mirakovits, 2015). Putting evidence in paper bags will ensure its safe delivery to the laboratory. With the help of this analysis, it is possible to identify the model and year of production of the automobile by referring to the characteristics of the original colors of the car and the sequence of layers (Siegel & Mirakovits, 2015).
Thus, submitting other parts such as pieces of headlights will also speed the investigation process. In the case of several cars involved in the hit-and-run accident, it is necessary to collect samples of paint from all participants while if appropriate samples are not present on the ground, it will be essential to obtain them from the vehicles (Siegel & Mirakovits, 2015). It is important to note that it is necessary to include as many layers of paint as possible while paying vehement attention to the transferred color (incurred due to hit) and the original one to determine the participants of the accident.
The proper collection of evidence at the origin of a fire that is suspected of having been started with gasoline. The proper submission of controls for laboratory examination.
Lastly, collecting evidence of the cases of fire started with gasoline is complex, as it has to not only include evaluating the remaining gas but also assessing environmental conditions (Siegel & Mirakovits, 2015). In the first place, investigators have to document the nature of the crime scene with photographs, sketches, and notes to ease the investigation process. Meanwhile, the whole investigation will involve stages such as personal observations, the examination of the location by dogs (controlled canine), and the utilization of various equipment to gather evidence.
It is important to use sealed containers due to their ability to prevent the evidence from damage and their inflammable nature while keeping them separate will prevent the samples from being mixed (Siegel & Mirakovits, 2015). After that, it is essential to collect samples of the volatile flammable accelerant since it will help identify potential causes of the fire by conducting a chemical analysis of the sampled liquid. In the instances of using gas, samples have to be collected from their possible location of purchase (Siegel & Mirakovits, 2015). In the end, the samples will be evaluated in the laboratory to determine the actual causes of the fire.
References
Siegel, J. (2016). Forensic science. London, UK: Oneworld Publications.
Siegel, J., & Mirakovits, K. (2015). Forensic science: The basics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
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