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Nowadays, there are a considerable number of research types in medicine. One of the most accepted practices in nursing is evidence-based practice. According to Roussel et al. (2016), “EBP (evidence-based practice) is a process involving the examination and application of research findings or other reliable evidence that has been integrated with scientific theories.” (p. 4). This method can lead to increased requirements for medical personnel, as they will need to develop their critical thinking and improve the quality of scientific knowledge.
Evidence-Based Theory
EBP developed as a result of a synthesis of the strict American system and European freer medicine system. Doctors and nurses can achieve the most effective treatment by combining an individual approach to each person and rigorous medical algorithms. This type of medicine involves the collection of all available data and their subsequent analysis. As Ellis (2019) claims, “nurses need to develop a reflective approach to their practice, which includes finding out about the latest research and evaluating findings, so people’s needs are responded to using the best available evidence. (7)”
For sufficient examination and subsequent treatment, medical personnel should be able to think critically and highlight essential evidence from secondary sources. Nurses can acquire this skill and develop their scientific knowledge using expert opinions, libraries, and online resources. Doctors need to analyze the received information after active data collection. Since the collected evidence covers not only the research data but also the patient’s personal information, the analysis stage will be more helpful and informative.
Star Model of Knowledge Transformation
The Star Model of Knowledge Transformation includes five steps of examination and treatment. Nurses are conducting discovery research, which means doing a survey using medical equipment. Then, there is a general assessment of the obtained data and summing up the intermediate results, and redirection of the patient to the appointed specialist. The fourth step is the integration of substantial evidence into a theoretical basis. In the end, there is a treatment process and analysis of the results obtained at the exit.
Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice
Scientists developed the described model as an aid for the implementation of nursing care for a patient. The first step is a clinical survey; the specialist must conduct a verbal study and identify the patient’s problem. The second step is a traditional study of the received data with the usage of professional literature and online sources. Then there is a critical assessment of the evidence obtained and the introduction of changes in the ongoing treatment. The last step is the evaluation and analysis of nursing care.
Model of Diffusion of Innovations
First of all, researchers receive knowledge, which means a medical examination, a clinical survey, and obtaining all possible evidence about the patient. Then a scientific analysis of the gained knowledge is made, and a thesis is put forward in need of confirmation. Further, the nursing staff makes a particular decision after the meetings, and the medical personnel puts ahead a treatment strategy. Evidence is continuously collected and data recorded with a periodic conclusion of effectiveness, during the treatment process. Ultimately, the clinical team receives confirmation of the efficiency or inefficiency of the treatment.
Combined Effectiveness of the Presented Models
In conclusion, we can state that the presented models that are using the developed theory are active in their way, and each model is most effective in specific conditions. The effectiveness depends on the location of the medical institution as well as on the mentality of clinical staff and patients. The availability of innovative medical equipment and the degree of qualification of specialists are also crucial.
References
Ellis, P. (2019). Evidence-based practice in nursing. Learning Matters.
Roussel, L., Thomas, P. L., & Harris, J. L. (2016). Management and leadership for nurse administrators. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Schmidt, N. A., Brown, J. M. (2017). Evidence-based practice for nurses: appraisal and application of research. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
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