Theoretical Approach Matrix in Healthcare

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Approach	Key People	Main Tenets	Assessment Strategies	Interventions
Bowenian	The key people are individuals, couples, and families.	It offers a depth-oriented and longer-term approach and supports a therapy of at least four years. The method uses a genogram entailing both a treatment and assessment tool to provide an integrated intervention to achieve the primary goal of promoting the client’s level of self-differentiation. It is focused on raising differentiation and alleviating anxiety towards improving symptomology within the system (Thompson et al., 2019). Togetherness and individuality are the two counterbalancing forces that drive all human relationships. The contrasting needs for independence and companionship influence patterns of distancing and closeness from people.	Bowen considered an extensive family history where he interviewed every member. Depending on the family, he constructed or allowed them to develop their genograms to facilitate gathering of information. Genograms entail a family tree covering three generations with the partner’s information and names of the members (Thompson et al., 2019). It offered details of a dysfunction that could repeat itself due to hereditary factors and affect the current generation.	Early-stage interventions are objectivity, genogram, reducing emotional reactivity, and discussing generational patterns. Middle stage interventions include individual therapy, coaching, marital psychotherapy, therapeutic triangles, and taking “I position” stands. Reaffirming is a late-stage intervention that enables people to understand that differentiation is a lifelong process. It encourages clients to continue engaging as they gain a better understanding of the situation. Education is another late-stage intervention facilitating the success of therapy. It promotes transition and enable clients to appreciate the situation and learn to move ahead.
Structural	The key people are family members.	The structural approach utilizes various concepts to enhance the understanding and organization of the family including the enmeshment, boundaries, power, coalition, alignment, structure, disengagement, and subsystems. It focuses on strengthening and adjusting the family system to place parents in a better position to control their children and enable them to set appropriate boundaries.	The assessment process entails an analysis of the family boundaries, subsystems, structure, overall family functioning, and developmental stage focusing on the development of solutions to structural problems. A pre-test Family Assessment Measure (FAM III) uses various techniques such as enactment, reframing, boundary-making, and joining (Tadros & Finney, 2019). Boundary making entails maintaining defined boundaries around the subsystems to promote healthy family functioning. On the other hand, the joining concept presents the need to establish an empathetic relationship to enhance the current functioning of the family.	The structural approach presents aggressive interventions that challenge families to avoid undesirable habits and clarifies issues that need to be changed. Therapists assume an active stance in different intensities of the therapy to support the family in every way possible.
Strategic	The key people are children and adolescents.	The five parts of this therapy are task-setting, brief social, goal-setting, interracial, and problem stages (Hogue et al., 2019). It evolved from various psychotherapy practices to support the solutions-finding and problem-solving. Therapists act as coaches and referees since they are concerned about how the problem can be solved.	Assessment strategies are focused on addressing specific problems affecting a given family based on its structure and interactions. Therapists view the existing issues in a sequence of interactions with the immediate social environment.	Interventions are meant to treat and prevent behaviors among children and adolescents. Promoting family interaction plays a role in the reduction of risk factors and improvement of protective measures such as against drug abuse. It targets individuals who are at a greater risk of developing or showing problem behaviors.

References

Hogue, A., Bobek, M., Dauber, S., Henderson, C. E., McLeod, B. D., & Southam-Gerow, M. A. (2019). Core elements of family therapy for adolescent behavior problems: Empirical distillation of three manualized treatments.Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(1), 29-41. Web.

Tadros, E., & Finney, N. (2019). Exploring the utilization of structural and medical family therapy with an incarcerated mother living with HIV.International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 63(4), 624-640. Web.

Thompson, H. M., Wojciak, A. S., & Cooley, M. E. (2019). Family-based approach to the child welfare system: An integration of Bowen family theory concepts.Journal of Family Social Work, 22(3), 231-252. Web.

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