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Bortoletto, Pietro, et al. “Parental Consent: An Unnecessary Barrier to Adolescent Obstetrical Care.” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 219, no. 5, 2018, pp. 451.e1-451.e5.
The article explains the possible negative aftermath, both emotional and physical, of teenage childbirth. The main author of this article is the Doctor of Medicine. This article is an excellent source for evaluating possible risks connected with teenage pregnancy and for understanding why the need for parental consent discourages minors from using contraception. The authors also analyze the confidentiality laws in each state, giving a clear understanding of the connection between teen pregnancy and parental involvement in birth control. This article is relevant to the research since it proves that parental involvement and lack of confidentiality negatively affect teen pregnancy rates.
Zuniga, Carmela, et al. “Youth Perspectives on Pharmacists’ Provision of Birth Control: Findings From a Focus Group Study.” Journal of Adolescent Health, vol. 65, no. 4, 2019, pp. 514-519.
The author of this article is Carmela Zuniga, who has a degree of Master of Arts. The article analyzes teen attitudes towards the prescription of contraception. Two focus groups were used for this study: teen females, who were 14-17 years old, and young women, who were 18-24 years old. This article shows that both groups view contraception as a convenient method of preventing undesirable childbirth. However, the representatives of the first group were concerned with a possible lack of privacy when aiming for a prescription. This concern was related to possible parental involvement. This article is relevant to the research because it provides information regarding negative teen attitudes to parental involvement in the birth control process.
Myers, Caitlin. “The Power of Abortion Policy: Reexamining the Effects of Young Women’s Access to Reproductive Control.” Journal of Political Economy, vol. 125, no. 6, 2017, pp. 2178-2224.
This article is written by Caitlin Myers – a professor of economics at Middlebury College. The author provides evidence on the relative power of contraception and abortion. The article is a valuable source of information concerning the liberalization of abortion and contraception and the following societal shifts. The article provides statistics of “shotgun marriages” and their connection with the availability of means of contraception and the influence of parental involvement on these rates. For example, the legalization of abortion reduced the rates of shotgun marriages by 63% and the overall rates of marriages by 20%. This article allows the reader to evaluate the volume of prevention of undesirable childbirth, which total confidentiality provides, hence why it relates to the topic of research.
Myers, Caitlin, and Daniel Ladd. “Did Parental Involvement Laws Grow Teeth? The Effects of State Restrictions on Minors’ Access to Abortion.” Journal of Health Economics, vol. 71, 2020.
This article is written by Caitlin Myers and Daniel Ladd – a candidate in Economics at UC Irvine. The article researches the aftermath of parental involvement laws in different states. It provides readers with information about unnecessary pregnancies caused by mentioned laws. It also explains how teens act in case of their unwillingness to decide the matter of pregnancy with parents. The author also provides the reader with information concerning the so-called “avoidance distance,” which is a distance required for a pregnant teen to travel to another state to have an abortion without parental involvement. The article shows the volume of the negative impact of mentioned laws on teens, which is why it is relevant to the research topic.
Joyce Theodore et al. “The Impact of Parental Involvement Laws on the Abortion Rate of Minors.” Demography, vol. 57, pp. 323–346.
The main author of this article is Theodore Joyce – professor of economics and finance at Baruch College and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. The article shows how parental involvement laws reduced abortion rates of minors by 20%. This article is useful in the estimation of the impact of parental involvement laws; it provides evidence of heterogeneity of this impact, although proving that it almost always affects unintended birth rates negatively. The author also mentioned that this heterogeneity might be caused by differences in the use of contraceptive technology, which may vary from state to state.
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